Background: We investigated whether patients with diabetes who had good control of both low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides (TG) would be associated with better long-term clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Methods And Results: Using our PCI registry (Fu-Registry), the 1,006 cases with diabetes were divided into 4 groups: Group 1, LDL-C ≥100 mg/dL and TG ≥175 mg/dL; Group 2, LDL-C <100 mg/dL and TG ≥175 mg/dL; Group 3, LDL-C ≥100 mg/dL and TG <175 mg/dL; and Group 4, LDL-C <100 mg/dL and TG <175 mg/dL. The primary endpoint during the follow-up period (median follow up of 1,984 days) was defined as major adverse cardiac events (MACEs).
Background: Following the rupture of a coronary artery, a patient's condition usually deteriorates rapidly due to cardiac tamponade. A pseudoaneurysm due to a coronary artery rupture is rare; however, when a spontaneous coronary artery pseudoaneurysm occurs without tamponade, it creates a fistula in the right ventricle, often requiring surgical repair.
Case Presentation: This report describes the case of a 68-year-old man who presented with chest discomfort after a 12-day course of antibiotic treatment for bacteremia.
Recent studies have highlighted the indispensable role of oxidized lipids in inflammatory responses, cell death, and disease pathogenesis. Consequently, inhibitors targeting oxidized lipids, particularly lipid-derived radicals critical in lipid peroxidation, which are known as radical-trapping antioxidants (RTAs), have been actively pursued. We focused our investigation on nitroxide compounds that have rapid second-order reaction rate constants for reaction with lipid-derived radicals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhite matter lesions induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion can cause vascular dementia; however, no appropriate treatments are currently available for these diseases. In this study, we investigated lipid peroxidation, which has recently been pointed out to be associated with cerebrovascular disease and vascular dementia, as a therapeutic target for chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. We used ethoxyquin, a lipid-soluble antioxidant, in a neuronal cell line and mouse model of the disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn environmentally sustainable world can be realized by using microorganisms to produce value-added materials from renewable biomass. Triacetic acid lactone (TAL) is a high-value-added compound that is used as a precursor of various organic compounds such as food additives and pharmaceuticals. In this study, we used metabolic engineering to produce TAL from glucose using an oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFree radical-mediated lipid peroxidation (LPO) induces the formation of numerous lipid radicals, which contribute to the development of several oxidative diseases. To understand the mechanism of LPO in biological systems and the significance of these radicals, identifying the structures of individual lipid radicals is imperative. In this study, we developed an analytical method based on liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) and a profluorescent nitroxide probe, -(1-oxyl-2,2,6-trimethyl-6-pentylpiperidin-4-yl)-3-(5,5-difluoro-1,3-dimethyl-3,5-5l4-dipyrrolo[1,2-c:2',1'-f][1,3,2]diazaborinin-7-yl)propanamide (BDP-Pen), for the detailed structural analysis of lipid radicals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe aimed to investigate the relationship between mast cell (MC) infiltration into the bladder with urothelial barrier dysfunction and bladder hyperactivity in a chronic bladder ischemia (CBI) rat model. We compared CBI rats (CBI group; n = 10) with normal rats (control group; n = 10). We measured the expression of mast cell tryptase (MCT) and protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2), which are correlated with C fiber activation via MCT, and Uroplakins (UP Ia, Ib, II and III), which are critical to urothelial barrier function, via Western blotting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDisruption of the redox balance in vivo is closely involved in the development of various diseases associated with oxidative stress. Therefore, methods for the in vivo analysis of antioxidants and free radicals are essential to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms of such diseases. Although profluorescent nitroxide probes can be used to evaluate redox molecules with high sensitivity, these probes have low selectivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlthough oxidized phosphatidylcholines (oxPCs) play critical roles in numerous pathological events, the type and production sites of endogenous oxPCs remain unknown because of the lack of structural information and dedicated analytical methods. Herein, a library of 465 oxPCs is constructed using high-resolution mass spectrometry-based non-targeted analytical methods and employed to detect 70 oxPCs in mice with acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure. We show that doubly oxygenated polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-PCs (PC PUFA;O2), containing epoxy and hydroxide groups, are generated in the early phase of liver injury.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Whether the Mayo adhesive probability score, an index of the perinephric fat environment, could be a predictive factor for renal function deterioration after partial nephrectomy was investigated.
Methods: A retrospective case-control study of 78 patients who underwent laparoscopic partial nephrectomy was performed. An estimated glomerular filtration rate preservation rate at ≤ 90% at 3 months after surgery was defined as postoperative renal function deterioration.
A healthy 35-year-old man was admitted to a rural hospital with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). During 14 days of hospitalization, he had no symptoms and was not given supplemental oxygen. About 3 weeks after discharge, he was re-admitted to the same hospital with new-onset continuous fever and general weakness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMammalian hibernators endure severe and prolonged hypothermia that is lethal to non-hibernators, including humans and mice. The mechanisms responsible for the cold resistance remain poorly understood. Here, we found that hepatocytes from a mammalian hibernator, the Syrian hamster, exhibited remarkable resistance to prolonged cold culture, whereas murine hepatocytes underwent cold-induced cell death that fulfills the hallmarks of ferroptosis such as necrotic morphology, lipid peroxidation and prevention by an iron chelator.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnzalutamide (Enz) is a second-generation androgen receptor (AR) antagonist for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) therapy, and it prolongs survival time in these patients. However, during Enz treatment, CRPC patients usually acquire resistance to Enz and often show cross-resistance to other AR signaling inhibitors. Although glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is involved in this resistance, the role of GR has not yet been clarified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIt is well known that lipid carbon radicals (lipid radicals) are the origin of lipid peroxidation and are involved in various diseases such as cancer. Therefore, the in vivo detection of lipid radicals would be expected to lead to early diagnosis of these diseases. However, there are no methods for measuring lipid radicals in vivo.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLipid peroxidation (LPO) is reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of several oxidative diseases, and several therapeutic approaches using antioxidants have been proposed. LPO is thought to progress a complicated series of multistep reactions suggesting that the activity of each antioxidant may be different, and depends on the reacting molecules. Hence, in this study, we evaluated the inhibitory mechanisms of several antioxidants toward arachidonic acid (AA) peroxidation induced by the azo initiator 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) or a lipid hydroperoxide, hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid (HpODE)/hemin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiversified oxidized-lipid molecules are responsible for inflammation and cell death, including ferroptosis. Lipid radicals are the source of these oxidized lipids, which are the initial key molecules in the lipid peroxidation chain reaction. However, owing to their extremely high reactivity and short half-life, an established detection technique is not available.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Med Chem Lett
January 2020
Thus far, no accurate measurement technology has been developed to detect lipid alkyl radicals (lipid radicals), which cause lipid peroxidation. Therefore, we aimed to develop a nuclear medical imaging probe that can be taken up in the lipophilic site in cells such as biological membranes, by reacting specifically with the lipid radicals generated there. We designed and synthesized 4-(4-[I]iodobenzamido)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl, which shows high reactivity to lipid radicals with a high radiochemical yield and purity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials possessing electron spin can shorten the relaxation times in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). For example, gadolinium (Gd) complexes with seven f-orbital electrons are widely used as contrast agents in clinical applications. However, Gd has severe potential side effects, and thus metal-free alternatives are needed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlutathione (GSH) is an important antioxidant that can protect cells under oxidative stress. Thus, a non-invasive method to measure and map the distribution of GSH in live animals is needed. To image the distribution of GSH levels in specific brain regions, a new method using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) imaging with a nitroxide imaging probe was developed.
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