Key challenges in prehospital and emergency care in Indonesia and Malaysia: a survey of frontline clinicians.

Rapid economic growth in Indonesia and Malaysia has widened the gap in emergency care supply and demand, intensifying challenges. Our study, from August to November 2022, assesses current diverse challenges in both countries' emergency care systems from frontline staff perspectives. The online survey involved emergency department (ED) personnel from 11 hospitals in Indonesia and Malaysia, drawing from an existing network.

Fabrication of near-invisible solar cell with monolayer WS.

Herein, we developed a near-invisible solar cell through a precise control of the contact barrier between an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode and a monolayer tungsten disulfide (WS), grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The contact barrier between WS and ITO was controlled by coating various thin metals on top of ITO (M/ITO) and inserting a thin layer of WO between M/ITO and the monolayer WS, which resulted in a drastic increase in the Schottky barrier height (up to 220 meV); this could increase the efficiency of the charge carrier separation in our Schottky-type solar cell. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the solar cell with the optimized electrode (WO/M/ITO) was more than 1000 times that of a device using a normal ITO electrode.

A long-term survival case of Erdheim-Chester disease on maintenance hemodialysis.

Erdheim-Chester disease, a rare non-Langerhans histiocytosis, involves multiple organs, including kidney. Renal dysfunction sometimes occurs, and is attributed to ureteral obstruction and renal artery stenosis by histiocytic infiltration. However, to our knowledge, case reports of end-stage renal disease requiring renal replacement therapy due to Erdheim-Chester disease are very few.

Non-classical nucleation in vapor-liquid-solid growth of monolayer WS revealed by in-situ monitoring chemical vapor deposition.

The very early nucleation stage of a transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) was directly observed with in-situ monitoring of chemical vapor deposition and automated image analysis. Unique nucleation dynamics, such as very large critical nuclei and slow to rapid growth transitions, were observed during the vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) growth of monolayer tungsten disulfide (WS). This can be explained by two-step nucleation, also known as non-classical nucleation, in which metastable clusters are formed through the aggregation of droplets.

Reduced cell number in the hindgut epithelium disrupts hindgut left-right asymmetry in a mutant of pebble, encoding a RhoGEF, in Drosophila embryos.

Animals often show left-right (LR) asymmetry in their body structures. In some vertebrates, the mechanisms underlying LR symmetry breaking and the subsequent signals responsible for LR asymmetric development are well understood. However, in invertebrates, the molecular bases of these processes are largely unknown.