Proton-Pump Inhibitors and Risk of Bloodstream Infection without an Identifiable Source: a Hospital-Based Case-Control Study.

The association between proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) use and systemic infections caused by bacterial translocation is unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether patients receiving PPI therapy have a higher risk of bloodstream infections (BSI) without an identifiable source of infection. We conducted a hospital-based case-control study which enrolled all patients aged 20 years and older who were hospitalized in Ichinomiya Nishi Hospital with BSI confirmed by two sets of positive blood cultures in 2019.

Extremely Long Lived Localized Singlet Diradicals in a Macrocyclic Structure: A Case Study on the Stretch Effect.

Localized singlet diradicals have attracted much attention, not only in the field of bond-homolysis chemistry, but also in nonlinear optical materials. In this study, an extremely long lived localized singlet diradical was obtained by using a new molecular design strategy in which it is kinetically stabilized by means of a macrocycle that increases the molecular strain of the corresponding σ-bonded compound. Notably, the lifetime of this diradical (14 μs) is two orders of magnitude longer than that of a standard singlet diradical without a macrocyclic structure (≈0.

Lactomycins A-C, Dephosphorylated Phoslactomycin Derivatives that Inhibit Cathepsin B, from the Marine-derived Streptomyces sp. ACT232.

Three new polyketides, lactomycins A (1)-C (3), were isolated from the culture broth of a marine-derived sp. ACT232 as cathepsin B inhibitors. Their structures were determined by a combination of NMR and MS data analyses to be the dephosphorylated derivatives of a phoslactomycin class of metabolites.

7-Oxoorobanchyl acetate and 7-Oxoorobanchol as germination stimulants for root parasitic plants from flax (Linum usitatissimum).

Germination stimulants for root parasitic plants produced by flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) were purified and characterized. The root exudate of flax contained at least 8 active fractions, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses suggested that there were 6 strigolactones.

Fabacyl acetate, a germination stimulant for root parasitic plants from Pisum sativum.

A germination stimulant, fabacyl acetate, was purified from root exudates of pea (Pisum sativum L.) and its structure was determined as ent-2'-epi-4a,8a-epoxyorobanchyl acetate [(3aR,4R,4aR,8bS,E)-4a,8a-epoxy-8,8-dimethyl-3-(((R)-4-methyl-5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-2-yloxy)methylene)-2-oxo-3,3a,4,5,6,7,8,8b-decahydro-2H-indeno[1,2-b]furan-4-yl acetate], by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic, ESI- and EI-MS spectrometric, X-ray crystallographic analyses, and by comparing the (1)H NMR spectroscopic data and relative retention times (RR(t)) in LC-MS and GC-MS with those of synthetic standards prepared from (+)-orobanchol and (+)-2'-epiorobanchol. The (1)H NMR spectroscopic data and RR(t) of fabacyl acetate were identical with those of an isomer prepared from (+)-2'-epiorobanchol except for the opposite sign in CD spectra.