Iridium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylation of Silyl Enol Ethers Derived from α-Ketoesters and α-Diketones with Allylic Alcohols.

We report an asymmetric allylation of silyl enol ethers derived from α-ketoesters with allylic alcohols by an iridium/chiral (P,olefin)-ligand catalyst. Allylation with a broad range of silyl enol ethers and allylic alcohols formed the allylated products with excellent enantioselectivities. Silyl enol ethers derived from α-diketones as well as α-ketoesters were also compatible with the asymmetric allylation to achieve nearly perfect enantioselectivities.

A Primary Spinal Intramedullary Mixed Germ Cell Tumor: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Central nervous system germ cell tumors are rare and account for 2% to 3% of all central nervous system tumors in Japan. Here, we report an extremely rare case of a primary spinal intramedullary mixed germ cell tumor. A 33-year-old man presented with a chief report of dysuria and numbness in the right lower extremity.

Chemical etching of silicon assisted by graphene oxide under negative electric bias.

Chemical etching of silicon assisted by graphene oxide (GO) has been attracting attention as a new method to fabricate micro- or nano-structures. GO promotes the reduction of an oxidant, and holes are injected into silicon, resulting in the preferential dissolution of the silicon under GO. In the conventional etching method with GO, the selectivity of the etching was low due to the stain etching caused by nitric acid.

5-Aminosalicylic Acid Distribution into the Intestinal Membrane Along the Gastrointestinal Tract After Oral Administration in Rats.

Background: 5-Aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), the first-line therapy for ulcerative colitis, is a poorly soluble zwitterionic drug. Unformulated 5-ASA is thought to be extensively absorbed in the small intestine.

Methods: The pH-dependent solubility of 5-ASA in vitro and the intestinal membrane distribution of 5-ASA and its N-acetyl metabolite (AC-5-ASA) after the oral administration of 5-ASA were examined in fed rats.

Initiation of Psychotropic Drugs in Spouses of Patients With Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease: A Matched Cohort Study.

Objectives: The diagnosis of early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) can cause emotional stress not only to the patients themselves but also to their spouses. This study aimed to evaluate the risk of psychiatric disorders in spouses of EOAD patients, using psychotropic drug initiation as a surrogate indicator.

Methods: A cohort study was conducted using a Japanese claims database, with spouses of EOAD patients (exposed spouses) matched with spouses of non-EOAD individuals (reference spouses) up to a 1:10 ratio.

Effects of Palliative Surgical Treatment for Spinal Metastases on the Patient's Quality of Life With a Focus on the Segment of the Metastasis: A Prospective Multicenter Study.

Study Design: Prospective multicenter study.

Objectives: Palliative surgery is crucial for maintaining the quality of life (QOL) in patients with spinal metastases. This study aimed to compare the short-term outcomes of QOL after palliative surgery between patients with metastatic spinal tumors at different segments.

Catalytic partial oxidation of methane over oxide-ion-conductive lanthanum silicate apatites.

A lanthanum silicate LaSiO (LSO) crystallizes in an apatite-type structure and has been known as a promising oxide-ion conductor. Here, we report the activity of LSO for catalytic partial oxidation of methane (CPOX) to synthesis gas. The LSO catalyst demonstrated relatively high catalytic activity from 500 to 700 °C, with CH conversion reaching 22.

Emphysematous pyelonephritis diagnosed by acute changes detected via computed tomography: A case report.

This is the first case report in which computed tomography (CT) images of a patient with emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) capture the time course of emphysema from onset to resolution through conservative treatment. To re-evaluate EPN, including refractory urinary tract infections, CT scans after 72 h might be helpful.

[A Case of Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis with Multiple Lymphadenopathy that was Difficult to Differentiate from Renal Tumor].

A 74-year-old woman presented to our hospital with the main complaint of anorexia and weight loss for several months. Computed tomography (CT) revealed right urinary stone, hydronephrosis, multiple lymphadenopathy, and a mass in the right kidney. Considering these findings, she was suspected to have renal malignancy (kidney or renal pelvis cancer) with multiple lymph node metastases; therefore, nephrectomy was performed.

Successful treatment of eosinophilia associated with dialysis-related renal cancer with radical nephrectomy.

Introduction: Secondary eosinophilia due to solid tumors is a rare case. This is the first study to report secondary eosinophilia due to renal cancer in a patient on dialysis.

Case Presentation: A 70-year-old man, on long-term hemodialysis was incidentally detected with right renal cancer, and workup performed revealed eosinophilia.

Age and parous-experience dependent changes in emotional contagion for positive infant sounds.

Introduction: Emotional contagion is achieved by inferring and emotionally resonating with other persons' feelings. It is unclear whether age-related changes in emotional contagion for infant sounds are modulated by the experience of childbirth or childcare. This study aims to evaluate changes in inference and emotional resonance for positive and negative infant sounds (laughter and crying) among women, based on age and parous experience.

A case of complete response to avelumab plus axitinib combination therapy for metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma in a kidney undergoing dialysis.

Introduction: Combination therapies of immune checkpoint and tyrosine kinase inhibitors for end-stage kidney disease and patients on hemodialysis need careful consideration as few case reports provide suitable management decisions.

Case Presentation: A 70-year-old man who had undergone hemodialysis for 6 years due to nephrosclerosis. Avelumab plus axitinib combination therapy was performed for repeated lung metastasis, and a complete response was achieved without major side effects.

Transforming Growth Factor-β Induces Interleukin-6 Secretion from Human Ligamentum Flavum-Derived Cells through Partial Activation of p38 and p44/42 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases.

Study Design: This experimental study was performed using human ligamentum flavum-derived cells (HFCs).

Purpose: To investigate the intracellular signaling mechanism of interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion in transforming growth factor-β (TGF- β)-stimulated HFCs.

Overview Of Literature: Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a prevalent disease among the elderly, characterized by debilitating pain in the lower extremities.

Interlimb and Intralimb Coordination of Rectus Femoris and Biceps Femoris Muscles at Different Running Speeds.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between spatiotemporal variables and the muscle activity of the rectus femoris (RF) and biceps femoris (BF) in both legs at various running speeds.

Methods: Eighteen well-trained male athletes (age: 20.7 ± 1.

The Timing of Thigh Muscle Activity Is a Factor Limiting Performance in the Deceleration Phase of the 100-m Dash.

Purpose: We aimed to examine the timing of electromyography activity of the rectus femoris (RF) and biceps femoris (BF) in both legs, as well as spatiotemporal variables (running speed (RS), step frequency (SF), step length (SL)) between the maximal speed (Max) phase (50-70 m) and the deceleration (Dec) phase (80-100 m) of the 100-m dash.

Methods: Nine track and field athletes performed the 100-m dash with maximal effort. Spatiotemporal variables of each 10-m section were measured.

Spatiotemporal inflection points in human running: Effects of training level and athletic modality.

The effect of the different training regimes and histories on the spatiotemporal characteristics of human running was evaluated in four groups of subjects who had different histories of engagement in running-specific training; sprinters, distance runners, active athletes, and sedentary individuals. Subjects ran at a variety of velocities, ranging from slowest to fastest, over 30 trials in a random order. Group averages of maximal running velocities, ranked from fastest to slowest, were: sprinters, distance runners, active athletes, and sedentary individuals.

Parent and alkylated PAHs profiles in 11 petroleum fuels and lubricants: Application for oil spill accidents in the environment.

Eleven types of petroleum fuels and lubricants including regular gasoline, premium gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, light oil, bunker A, bunker A-white, bunker A-low sulfur, bunker C, quench oil and lubricant samples were analyzed for parent and alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Naphthalene was the predominant compound in gasolines, jet fuel and kerosene, constituting > 95% of the parent PAHs, whereas dibenzothiophene and other high molecular weight PAHs were predominant in bunker A and bunker C. PAH compositions in petroleum fuels differ because of differences in their refining temperatures and the boiling points of individual PAHs.

Anti-tumor effect of trametinib in bladder cancer organoid and the underlying mechanism.

Bladder cancer (BC), a main neoplasm of urinary tract, is usually inoperable and unresponsive to chemotherapy. As a novel experimental model for muscle-invasive BC, we previously established a culture method of dog BC organoids. In the present study, the detailed in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor effects of trametinib were investigated by using this model.

Segmental Arteries and Veins at Higher Lumbar Levels Can Intersect the Adjacent Caudal Intervertebral Disc in the Anterior Part of the Spinal Column: A Cadaveric Analysis.

Study Design: A cadaveric study.

Purpose: To investigate the anatomical features of segmental arteries and veins in the anterior part of the spinal column to prevent segmental vessel injury.

Overview Of Literature: The lateral transpsoas approach to the lumbar intervertebral discs (IVD) is associated with the risk of segmental vessel injury.

Timing of Rectus Femoris and Biceps Femoris Muscle Activities in Both Legs at Maximal Running Speed.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between spatiotemporal variables of running and onset/offset timing of rectus femoris (RF) and biceps femoris (BF) muscle activities in both legs.

Methods: Eighteen male well-trained athletes (age = 20.7 ± 1.