Potentially compromised systemic and local lactate metabolic balance in glaucoma, which could increase retinal glucose and glutamate concentrations.

To investigate the association between lactate metabolism and glaucoma, we conducted a multi-institutional cross-sectional clinical study and a retinal metabolomic analysis of mice with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) induced by intracameral microbead injection. We compared lactate concentrations in serum and aqueous humor in age-matched 64 patients each with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and cataract. Neither serum nor aqueous humor lactate concentrations differed between the two groups.

Effects of Elevated Intraocular Pressure on Retinal Ganglion Cell Density and Expression and Interaction of Retinal Aquaporin 9 and Monocarboxylate Transporters.

Introduction: Astrocyte-to-neuron lactate shuttle (ANLS) plays an important role in the energy metabolism of neurons, including retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Aquaporin 9 (AQP9), which is an aquaglyceroporin that can transport lactate, may be involved in ANLS together with monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) to maintain RGC function and survival. This study aimed to investigate the impact of elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) on AQP9-MCT interaction and RGC survival.

Risk of surgical failure and hemorrhagic complications associated with antithrombotic medication in glaucoma surgery.

Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine the extent to which the use of antithrombotic drugs during glaucoma surgery contributes to surgical failure and postsurgical hemorrhagic complications.

Methods: Glaucoma surgeries were categorized into three groups: trabeculotomy (TLO), trabeculectomy (TLE), and long-Tube shunt surgery (Tube). At 1 year after surgery, the following criteria for surgical success were met: intraocular pressure (IOP) in the 5-21-mmHg range, IOP reduction of at least 20% from the preoperative level, and no additional glaucoma surgeries.

Association of the prolonged use of anti-glaucoma medications with the surgical failure of ab interno microhook trabeculotomy.

Purpose: This study examined the perioperative factors affecting surgical success in ab interno microhook trabeculotomy (μTLO).

Methods: A total of 146 consecutive patients who underwent μTLO were included in this retrospective study. We performed Cox proportional hazard modelling by setting surgical success at 1 year as an objective variable.

The beneficial impact of filtration surgery on antiviral therapy cessation in patients with cytomegalovirus-related secondary glaucoma.

Purpose: Cytomegalovirus (CMV)-related keratouveitis elevates intraocular pressure (IOP). Antiviral therapy does not always control IOP and some patients do not tolerate systemic antiviral therapy because of the side effects. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical characteristics of patients with CMV-related keratouveitis and determine the impact of glaucoma surgeries on the postoperative antiviral therapy regimen.

Protocol to test the efficacy and safety of frequent applications of skin electrical stimulation for Leber hereditary optic neuropathy: a single-arm, open-label, non-randomised prospective study.

Introduction: Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is an acute or subacute inherited optic neuropathy caused by mitochondrial mutations. More than 90% of patients with LHON have one of three point mutations (ie, G3460A, G11778A and T14484C). We previously reported that a 12-week session of skin electrical stimulation (SES) with a 2-week interval significantly improved visual acuity and field tests 1 week after the last stimulation and without adverse effects in 10 cases of LHON carrying the mt DNA G11778A mutation.

Efficacy for the Annual Relapse Rate after the Immunosuppressive Therapy in Patients Associated with Anti-AQP4 or Anti-MOG Antibody-Positive Optic Neuritis.

Purpose: Although oral prednisolone is the first-line treatment for preventing recurrent optic neuritis (ON) after the completion of acute-phase treatment, especially anti-aquaporin 4 (AQP4) antibody-positive ON, and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-positive ON, some patients experience relapses. Immunosuppressants could be effective in reducing the recurrence rate for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and MOG antibody-related diseases, but there have been few studies addressing this issue focusing on the changes in ophthalmic parameters. The objective of the study was to analyze the impact of off-label uses of immunosuppressants to reduce recurrent ON.

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis Presenting with Bilateral Orbital Apex Syndrome.

We report a rare case of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) presenting with bilateral orbital apex syndrome (OAS). A 73-year-old woman with a history of endoscopic sinus surgery for ethmoidal sinusitis experienced a sudden decrease in visual acuity (VA) of both eyes. At the initial examination, her VA had decreased to 0.

Comparison of efficacy and early surgery-related complications between one-quadrant and two-quadrant microhook ab interno trabeculotomy: a propensity score matched study.

Purpose: We compared the 1-year outcomes and early surgery-related complications between 1-quadrant and 2-quadrant microhook ab interno trabeculotomy (TLO).

Methods: Medical chart extraction was performed on 47 consecutive patients with 1-quadrant incision and 37 consecutive patients with 2-quadrant incision of trabecular meshwork. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to calculate the propensity score to create a 1:1 match for a comparative analysis of 1-year postoperative success.

A comparison of the 1-year surgical outcomes of trabeculotomy and microhook trabeculotomy using propensity score analysis.

Objective: To compare the 1-year outcomes of trabeculotomy ( TLO) and trabeculotomy using a microhook ( TLO) for glaucoma patients using propensity score analysis.

Methods And Analysis: The medical charts of 65 consecutive patients who underwent TLO and those of 69 patients who underwent TLO were reviewed. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to calculate the propensity score using 1:1 matched analysis, which indicates the likelihood of surgical success at 12 months.

Specific interactions between Dicer-like proteins and HYL1/DRB-family dsRNA-binding proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Proteins that specifically bind double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) are involved in the regulation of cellular signaling events and gene expression, and are characterized by a conserved dsRNA-binding motif (dsRBM). Here we report the biochemical properties of nine such gene products, each containing one or two dsRBMs: four Arabidopsis Dicer-like proteins (DCL1-4), Arabidopsis HYL1 and four of its homologs (DRB2, DRB4, DRB5 and OsDRB1). DCL1, DCL3, HYL1 and the four HYL1 homologs exhibit significant dsRNA-binding activity, indicating that these proteins are involved in RNA metabolism.