Healthcare-Related HCV Genotype 4d Infections in Kayseri, Turkey.

Background: The frequency of genotype 4 hepatitis C virus infection is significantly higher in a city compared to other provinces in Turkey. In this study, we aimed to investigate the epidemiology and risk factors of hepatitis C virus genotype 4 infection in Kayseri province of Turkey.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted with 61 hepatitis C virus genotype 4-infected patients and 71 controls.

Characterization of HCV genotype 4d infections in Kayseri, Turkey.

Background/aim: The frequency of genotype 4 hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections is significantly higher in Kayseri compared to other provinces in Turkey. We aimed to characterize genotype 4 infections in Kayseri by analyzing the demographic and laboratory data of218 HCV RNA-positive, treatment-naive patients admitted to the Kayseri Training and Research Hospital in 2010 and 2011.

Materials And Methods: The distributions of sex, age, and viral loads of these patients with respect to HCV genotypes were analyzed.

YMDD motif variants in inactive hepatitis B carriers detected by Inno-Lipa HBV DR assay.

Introduction: Mutations of hepatitis B virus (HBV) polymerase, especially occurring at the highly conserved YMDD region, are related to resistance to lamivudine. Although these mutations are frequently secondary to lamivudine use, they can also occur naturally. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of YMDD variants that exist naturally in patients who are inactive HBV carriers.