Toward a Long-Term Low Emission Development Strategy: The Case of Energy Transition in Qatar.

The objective of this paper is to present a comprehensive perspective on the development of a long-term low-emission development strategy for Qatar, in line with the Paris Agreement. The methodology used in this paper takes a holistic approach by analyzing national strategies, structures, and mitigation measures from other countries, and synthesizing these with Qatar's unique context in terms of its economy, energy production, and consumption, as well as its energy-related emission profile and characteristics. The findings of this paper identify key considerations and elements that policymakers would need to take into account when developing a long-term low-emission vision for Qatar, with a particular emphasis on its energy sector.

Investigation of the Relationship Between Trefoil Factor Family Peptides and Sinonasal Inflammation.

The trefoil factor family (TFF) is a relatively new family of peptides. In some studies, an association between trefoil factors and inflammatory diseases of the nasal and paranasal sinuses has been suggested. However, it is still not clear whether there is a relationship between trefoil peptides and inflammation of the respiratory tract.

Emerging trends in direct air capture of CO: a review of technology options targeting net-zero emissions.

The increasing concentration of carbon dioxide (CO) in the atmosphere has compelled researchers and policymakers to seek urgent solutions to address the current global climate change challenges. In order to keep the global mean temperature at approximately 1.5 °C above the preindustrial era, the world needs increased deployment of negative emission technologies.

Impacts of ultrasonication time and surfactants on stability and optical properties of CuO, FeO and CNTs/water nanofluids for spectrum selective applications.

The prime objective of the present experimental work is to evaluate the impact of ultrasonication time and surfactants on the optical characteristics (transmittance and absorbance) and stability of CuO/water, CNTs/water, and FeO/water nanofluids to be used in spectrum selective applications. Two-step method with various ultrasonication times (30 min, 60 min, and 90 min) was employed to prepare nanofluids (having volume fractions of 0.004 % and 0.

Comparison of meat quality characteristics of dry aged lamb loins and optimization of dry aging process.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the physicochemical characteristics, meat quality, oxidative stability and sensory properties of lamb meat during 0, 7 and 14 day of the dry aging process. The (LL) and (LT) muscles from male Akkaraman lambs were used. The pH values of the LT and LL cuts were not changed during the aging periods.

Comparison of microbiota and volatile organic compounds in milk from different sheep breeds.

In this study, we compared the microbiota and volatile organic compounds (VOC) present in the milk obtained from 3 different sheep breeds, namely Merino, Lacaune, and Assaf. Udder milk was collected from 21 animals, 7 from each breed. Bacterial microflora was determined metagenomically by extracting the DNA from the milk and analyzing the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene.

Integration of electrodialysis with renewable energy sources for sustainable freshwater production: A review.

There is an increasing demand for clean water as the population of the earth is exponentially increasing. Many countries are facing water shortage problems, which are bound to become more prevalent in upcoming years. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate sustainable methods to produce clean water for drinking, irrigation, agriculture and domestic use.

Salivary α-amylase levels in vertigo: Can it be an autonomic dysfunction?

We aim to demonstrate possible autonomic dysfunction based on salivary α-amylase measurements during and after the vertigo attacks associated with Ménière disease (MD) and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Patients admitted to the emergency room with a diagnosis of vertigo attacks caused by either MD (n = 15) or BPPV (n = 9) constituted the study groups. The control group (n = 10) consisted of volunteer patients admitted to the emergency department with minor soft-tissue trauma.

Satisfaction in rhinoplasty: the possible impact of anxiety and functional outcome.

Background: Rhinoplasty is a complex but commonly applied surgical procedure. Patient satisfaction is the least discussed but one of the most important determinants of surgical success.

Objectives: Evaluation of the patient satisfaction together with surgeon satisfaction were the main goals of this study.

Impact Assessment and Environmental Evaluation of Various Ammonia Production Processes.

In the current study, conventional resources-based ammonia generation routes are comparatively studied through a comprehensive life cycle assessment. The selected ammonia generation options range from mostly used steam methane reforming to partial oxidation of heavy oil. The chosen ammonia synthesis process is the most common commercially available Haber-Bosch process.

Effect of Pregnancy on Vocal Cord Histology: An Animal Experiment.

Background: Voice may be affected during the period of pregnancy, especially in the third trimester. However, the exact mechanisms leading to the phonatory changes have not yet uncovered.

Aims: The aim of this study is to investigate the possible histological changes in the vocal cords of the pregnant rats in three separate trimesters.

Outcomes from Cyanoacrylate Use in Tracheal Anastomosis in a Rat Model.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the histologic effects of N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA) and metacryloxisulfolane (MS) comonomer on tracheal anastomosis in vivo on a rat model of tracheal resection and end-to-end anastomosis.

Study Design: Animal experiment. Rat model of tracheal resection and end-to-end anastomosis.

Malignant eccrine spiradenoma of the external ear.

Eccrine spiradenoma is a benign tumor of sweat gland origin. Malignant eccrine spiradenoma is a rare neoplasm which almost always arises from a pre-existing spiradenoma lesion. In this article, we present a patient with malignant eccrine spiradenoma of the auricula with a prior diagnosis as benign eccrine spiradenoma.

Bilateral Sigmoid Sinus Thrombosis and Otitis Media.

Sigmoid sinus thrombosis is a rare complication of otitis media and is known to be unilateral. In this report, we present a case of bilateral sigmoid sinus thrombosis secondary to bilateral otitis. To the best of our knowledge, there are no bilateral-simultaneous cases reported in literature to date.

Facial, cervical, and mediastinal emphysema of the clarinet player: case report.

Background: Cervicofacial emphysema may arise due to the leakage of air from a defect in the aerodigestive tract to the fascial layers of neck and face. Rarely, it may be caused by insufflation of air through the Stensen's duct.

Case Report: We present a case with diffuse facial, cervical and mediastinal emphysema due to playing a wind instrument immediately after a facial trauma.

Nasal type natural killer T-cell lymphoma involving nasooropharynx and larynx.

Lymphoma is one of the malignant non-squamous tumors involving the head and neck. Lymphomas in this region are mostly B-cell type in origin and usually seen in Waldeyer's ring. In this article, we report a 45-year-old female case of primary natural killer T cell lymphoma-nasal type involving the nasooropharynx and larynx.

Effect of n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate on the tensile strength and pressure resistance of tracheal anastomoses ex vivo.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate on tracheal anastomoses in terms of increased tension and intraluminal pressure ex vivo.

Study Design: Ex vivo experimental study.

Setting: Tertiary referral center (Department of Otolaryngology).

Effect of heparin on inflammation: an animal model of tracheal stents.

Objectives/hypothesis: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of systemic heparin on tracheal and wound healing.

Study Design: An animal experiment using a tracheal stent model.

Methods: Twenty Wistar albino rats were divided into two groups; a heparin group (n = 10) that received 210 U/kg/d heparin sodium, and a saline group (n = 10) that received 0.

Cochlear involvement in Familial Mediterranean Fever: a new feature of an old disease.

Objectives: In this study we first aimed to assess the cochlear functions in children with Familial Mediterranean Fever. The second aim was to investigate the correlation between the hearing levels and some clinical features of Familial Mediterranean Fever including the duration of the disease, age at onset, genetic analysis and colchicine use.

Methods: Thirty-four children with Familial Mediterranean Fever and 27 age matched children were included in the study.

Submandibular gland pleomorphic adenoma in a seven-year-old child: a case report.

Salivary gland neoplasms are rare in the pediatric age group. Pleomorphic adenomas in the submandibular gland are rarer. In this article, we present a seven-year-old female with a slowly growing mass in her right submandibular area.

Inner ear involvement in Behçet's disease.

Objective: To assess cochlear involvement and hearing loss in patients with Behçet's disease (BD).

Method: Forty-two patients with BD and 24 sex and age matched healthy subjects were included in the study. pure-tone audiometry including high frequencies (250-16000Hz) and DPOAE were performed to all participants.