Electrophysiological Changes in Simulated Atrial Sheets Due to Sympathetic Hyperactivity.

The electrophysiological changes in the atria due to sympathetic hyperactivity during episodes of psychological distress are unclear. We simulated sympathetic hyperactivity by rapidly pacing atrial sheets with increasing adrenergic stimulation (AS) spatial densities. We measured changes to the electrophysiological parameters of atrial sheets, such as captured waves (CW), conduction speed (CS), slope of depolarization (SoD), isolated conduction channels (ICC), and wavefront ratio (WFR), using videos and action potential signals.