Vagus Nerve Stimulation Protects Enterocyte Glycocalyx After Hemorrhagic Shock Via the Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathway.

Introduction: Electrical vagal nerve stimulation is known to decrease gut permeability and alleviate gut injury caused by traumatic hemorrhagic shock. However, the specific mechanism of action remains unclear. Glycocalyx, located on the surface of the intestinal epithelium, is associated with the buildup of the intestinal barrier.

The risk factors for postoperative delirium in adult patients after hip fracture surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Postoperative delirium (POD) is the most common complication in patients after hip fracture surgery, and the incidence of POD is associated with mortality and disability in patients following hip fracture surgery. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the individual as well as anesthetic and operative risk factors associated with the POD in adult patients after hip fracture surgery.

Methods: We searched relevant articles published to February 2020 in Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase.