High-dose cyclophosphamide compared with antithymocyte globulin for treatment of acquired severe aplastic anemia.

A modified regimen of high-dose cyclophosphamide (CTX) plus cyclosporine (CsA) was adopted for patients with severe or very severe aplastic anemia, and the effectiveness was compared with a regimen of antithymocyte globulin (ATG) plus CsA. A total of 121 patients enrolled in this study received either CTX plus CsA (CTX group, 48 cases) or ATG plus CsA (ATG group, 73 cases). The early death rate was 4.

[Study on prognostic significances of different cytogenetic risk categories in patients with primary myelodysplastic syndromes].

Objective: To analyze significances of different cytogenetic categories for prognostic stratification in patients with primary myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).

Methods: Chromosomal abnormalities of 532 primary MDS patients were categorized according to cytogenetic categories of International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS), Revised IPSS (IPSS-R), and German-Austrian (G-A). Prognostic impacts of different cytogenetic categories and frequent isolated anomalies were investigated.

Detoxification and DNA repair genes polymorphisms and susceptibility of primary myelodysplastic syndromes in Chinese population.

Molecular epidemiological studies have found new insights into the etiology of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). We analyzed the polymorphisms of 5 genes in 275 patients with primary MDS and 354 healthy controls in an attempt to identify candidate genetic risk factors for primary MDS in Chinese Han population. There was no difference in polymorphic variants of GSTM1, NQO1-C609T and XRCC3-C241T between the patients and controls.

[Cyclosporine A in combination with thalidomide for the treatment of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes].

Objective: To explore the efficiency and side-effects of the combination of cyclosporine A (CsA) and thalidomide in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).

Methods: A total of thirty-seven patients with MDS-RCMD or-RAEB-I were treated with CsA in combination with thalidomide. The initial CsA dose of 3 mg×kg(-1)×d(-1) was administered, all patients had their CsA blood concentration concurrently monitored until it reached and maintained between 100 and 200 µg/L.

[Re-evaluation of classification of myelodysplastic syndromes with low percentage bone marrow blasts].

Objective: To apply the WHO criteria and the minimal diagnostic criteria to the classification of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) with low percentage (< 0.050) bone marrow (BM) blasts.

Methods: Two hundred and ten MDS patients with less than 0.

[Preliminary study of diagnosis of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes by routine laboratory parameters].

Objective: To explore the value of routine laboratory parameters in diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and differential diagnosis of patients with hypoplastic MDS from chronic aplastic anemia (CAA) for providing reference standard for primary hospitals.

Methods: The laboratory parameters at diagnosis of 152 MDS patients with less than 0.05 bone marrow blasts and 86 CAA patients were retrospectively analyzed.

[Studying of clinical and laboratory features of chronic eosinophilic leukemias /hypereosinophilic syndrome].

Objective: To investigate the clinical and laboratory features of chronic eosinophilic leukemias (CEL) and hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES).

Methods: The clinical manifestations, laboratory parameters were retrospectively analyzed in 20 patients with HES/CEL. Detection of the FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion gene was performed by nested RT-PCR.

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTT1 and GSTM1) genes polymorphisms and the treatment response and prognosis in Chinese patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia.

We investigated the prognostic significance of genetic polymorphism for glutathione S-transferase theta 1 (GSTT1) and glutathione S-transferase mu 1 (GSTM1) in 254 Chinese patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) other than AML-M3. The early death rate after the initiation of chemotherapy was similar between the GSTT1+/GSTM1+ group and GSTT1-/GSTM1- group. The complete remission (CR) rate was higher in GSTM1+ group than in GSTM1- group (OR=1.

The prognostic significance of leukemic cells clearance kinetics evaluation during the initial course of induction therapy with HAD (homoharringtonine, cytosine arabinoside, daunorubicin) in patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia.

The impact of the percentage of residual leukemic cells (RLCs) at the end of first course of induction chemotherapy (T1) or during aplasia (T2) on complete remission (CR) rate, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were retrospectively analyzed in 72 cases of de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treated with HAD (homoharringtonine, cytosine arabinoside, and daunorubicin) regimen. The patients were separated into two subgroups by a cutoff of 10% bone marrow leukemic cells at T1 or T2 time point. The CR rate, DFS, and OS were significantly different between the two groups.

[Long-term therapeutic outcome of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia].

Objective: To analyze the long-term therapeutic outcome of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia(APL).

Methods: Newly diagnosed APL patients were treated with ATRA as induction therapy followed by 3-4 courses of combined consolidation chemotherapy and 2 year maintenance therapy with ATRA and 6-MP + methrotrexate, alternatively. Patients were regularly monitored with nested RT-PCR for PML-RARalpha fusion transcript at the end of consolidation chemotherapy and in the following 4 to 5 years.

[Study of genes involved in chronic myeloid leukemia with t (3; 21) (q26; q22) in blastic crisis].

Objective: To explore genes involved in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with t (3; 21) (q26; q22) chromosome translocation in blastic crisis.

Methods: A case of CML patient with t (3; 21) (q26; q22) in blastic crisis was reported. AML1 and bcr/abl genes were detected by FISH in interphase and metaphase cells.

[Clinical and laboratory study of 4 cases of myelodysplastic syndromes with t (1;3) (p36; q21)].

Objective: To study the clinical features of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) patients with t (1; 3) (p36; q21) and the expression of the involved genes.

Methods: 4 cases of MDS with t (1; 3) (p36; q21) were reported. The expression level of two transcription forms (PR-containing form MEL1 and PR-lacking form MEL1s) of MEL1 gene in normal fetus tissues, 2 healthy donor bone marrows and bone marrows from 3 MDS patients with t (1; 3) (p36; q21) were detected by semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

[Investigation of GSTT1, GSTM1 and NQO1 genes polymorphisms in myelodysplastic syndromes].

Objective: To investigate the relationship between GSTM1, GSTT1 and NQO1(C609T) genotypes and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) susceptibility and chromosome abnormalities.

Methods: GSTT1, GSTM1 and NQO1(C609T) genotypes were detected in 52 MDS patients and 241 unrelated controls by PCR or PCR-RFLP.

Results: The incidence of GSTT1 and GSTM1 null genotype was significantly increased in MDS patients as compared with controls (P = 0.

[Detection of CBFbeta/MYH11 fusion transcripts and study of the mechanism of leukemogenesis of CBFbeta/SMHHC fusion protein].

Objective: To explore CBFbeta/MYH11 fusion transcripts and its expressing product CBFbeta/SMHHC fusion protein in mechanism of leukemogenesis.

Methods: CBFbeta/MYH11 fusion transcripts were detected by combined RT-PCR with sequencing. Transcription assays were examined using pM-CSFR-Luc as reporting plasmid, and subcellular localization of encoding proteins were assayed by double immunofluorescent staining and Western blot.

MEL1S, not MEL1, is overexpressed in myelodysplastic syndromes patients with t(1;3)(p36;q21).

Balanced chromosomal translocations rarely occur in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). We describe here in three further Chinese patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) whose cytogenetic analysis showed t(1;3)(p36;q21). We detected the expression pattern of MEL1 and MEL1s in BM of two healthy subjects and the three patients, and found that the expression of MEL1s was overexpressed in MDS patients with t(1;3)(p36;q21).

Anti-angiogenesis effects of meisoindigo on chronic myelogenous leukemia in vitro.

Meisoindigo, an active compound of a Chinese anti-leukemia medicine, has been effectively used in the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Increasing evidences have demonstrated that angiogenesis is an important pathobiologic feature of CML. The anti-angiogenesis effect of meisoindigo on CML is unknown.

Tetraploidy or near-tetraploidy clones with double 8;21 translocation: a non-random additional anomaly of acute myeloid leukemia with t(8;21)(q22;q22).

We report on 6 patients with tetraploidy or near-tetraploidy acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with double t(8;21) (q22;q22) and review the literature on cases with the same cytogenetic abnormalities. Some common features were revealed by this analysis.

[Study on the Characteristics of cell cycle and proliferation of CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells in myelodysplastic syndromes].

Objective: To study the characteristics of cell cycle and proliferation of CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).

Methods: Propidium iodide staining was used to examine cell cycle parameters (G(0)/G(1), S and G(2)/M) of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) while immunofluorescent double staining and FACS techniques were used to measure Ki67 expression in BM CD34+ cells from normal control, patients with MDS, acute myeloid leukemia preceded by MDS (MDS-AML) and primary AML.

Results: There was a statistical up-tendency in G(0)/G(1) phase proportion of BMMNCs whereas a statistical down-tendency in S and G(2)/M phase proportions among normal control, MDS and primary AML.

[Karyotypic and IPSS grouping of primary myelodysplastic syndromes patients: a comparison between FAB- and WHO-classification].

Objective: To compare the results of cytogenetic and IPSS grouping of primary myelodysplastic syndromes (pMDS) patients classified by FAB- or WHO classification.

Methods: Two hundred and thirty seven cases of pMDS who were previously classified according to FAB criteria were reclassified with WHO classification. A comparison was made between the results of the two classifications.

Transformation of myelodysplastic syndromes into acute myeloid leukemias.

Background: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs), also called preleukemias, are a group of myeloid hematopoietic malignant disorders. We studied the transformation of MDS into acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Methods: Leukemic transformation in 151 patients with MDS was dynamically followed up.