Photoinduced hydrogen evolution catalyzed by Co(II) complexes of N5-donor ligands.

Three new cobalt complexes of the general formula [Co(II)(L)(CH3CN) ]2+, where L is one of three pentadentate nitrogen-donor ligands based on the N4Py framework, have been synthesized and characterized. The capacity of the three complexes to effect photocatalytic proton reduction has been examined. Their photocatalytic activities in the presence of [Ru(bpy)3]2+, acting as a photosensitizer, and ascorbic acid, acting as a sacrificial electron donor, were screened in a water/acetonitrile mixture.

Conformational Dynamics of Bacteriochlorophyll in Chlorosomes from the Mutant of .

In contrast to the common viewpoint that bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) motion is largely absent within the chlorosome assembly, physics-based modeling points to a crucial role of the nanoscale librational motion of the macrocycle for the transfer of excitons. To elucidate this motion experimentally, compositional uniformity and high sensitivity are required. We focused on uniformly C labeled chlorosome preparations from the mutant with significantly enhanced structural homogeneity.

Biomimetic Slippery Surface with Exclusive Liquid-Repellent and Self-Cleaning Properties for Antifouling.

The nature always offers amazing inspiration, where it is highly desirable to endow coatings on marine equipment with powerful functions. An excellent example is slippery zone of pitcher, which possesses novel liquid-repellent and self-cleaning performance. Therefore, this study presents an efficient fabrication method to prepare a novel coating.

Can Comprehensive Medical Reform Improve the Efficiency of Medical Resource Allocation? Evidence From China.

To evaluate the impact of comprehensive medical reform on the efficiency of medical resource allocation in China. This study employs the Slacks-Based Measure- Directional Distance Function (SBM-DDF) to estimate the efficiency of medical resource allocation (MRAE) in China, using panel data from 30 provinces during 2009-2021. Moreover, a multi-period Difference in differences (DID) model is developed to explore the effect of the comprehensive medical reform pilot (CMRP) strategy on efficiency of medical resource allocation in China.

Does smart city pilot improve green total factor productivity? Evidence from Chinese cities.

In recent years, the construction of smart cities has gradually become an effective means of addressing urban economic and environmental challenges. Based on panel data of 249 Chinese cities from 2005 to 2020, this study uses a super-efficiency epsilon-based measure model and a Malmquist-Luenberger index to calculate the urban green total factor productivity (GTFP). Using the smart city pilot as a quasi-natural experiment, the time-varying difference-in-difference (DID) method is applied to determine the causal effect of smart city pilot on GTFP.

DIMBOA-induced gene expression, activity profiles of detoxification enzymes, multi-resistance mechanisms, and increased resistance to indoxacarb in tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius).

Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is one of the most destructive insect pests owned strong resistance to different insecticides. Indoxacarb as a novel oxadiazine insecticide becomes the main pesticide against S. litura.

Early monitoring of pore wetting in membrane distillation using ultrasonic time-domain reflectometry (UTDR).

Pore wetting induced by surfactants and salt scaling is a major obstacle to the industrial application of membrane distillation (MD). Identifying the transition of wetting stages and achieving early monitoring of pore wetting are crucial for wetting control. Herein, we made a pioneering attempt to use ultrasonic time-domain reflectometry (UTDR) technique to non-invasively detect the pore wetting in a direct contact MD, and explain the UTDR waveform with the help of optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging.

Environmental Regulation Effect on Green Total Factor Productivity: Mediating Role of Foreign Direct Investment Quantity and Quality.

Green total factor productivity (GTFP) is an excellent index for green development. The objective of this study was to check whether environmental regulation (ER) can affect GTFP through the mediating role of foreign direct investment (FDI) quantity and quality. Using the super-efficiency Epsilon-based measure (EBM) model and a Malmquist-Luenberger (ML) index, China's GTFP growth was measured during 1998-2018.

Phytochemical and underlying mechanism of Mikania micrantha Kunth on antibiotic resistance genes, and pathogenic microbes during chicken manure composting.

Chicken manure is a source of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and pathogenic microbes. Mikania micrantha Kunth (MM) is an invasive plant containing phytochemicals as antimicrobial agents. To explore its impacts on ARGs and pathogen-host interactions (PHIs), MM was added to composting mixtures.

Herbivore-induced tomato plant volatiles lead to the reduction of insecticides susceptibility in Spodoptera litura.

Herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) have been associated with plant-plant-herbivorous-natural enemies communication and an enhanced response to the subsequent attack. Spodoptera litura is a serious cosmopolitan pest that has developed a high level of resistance to many insecticides. However, the underlying molecular and biochemical mechanism by which HIPV priming reduces S.

Effects of different additives and aerobic composting factors on heavy metal bioavailability reduction and compost parameters: A meta-analysis.

Additives are considered a promising approach to accelerate the composting process and alleviate the dissemination of pollutants to the environment. However, nearly all previous articles have focused on the impact of additive amounts on the reduction of HMs, which may not fully represent the main factor shaping HMs bioavailability status during composting. Simultaneously, previous reviews only explored the impacts, speciation, and toxicity mechanism of HMs during composting.

Heterogeneous environmental regulations and green economic efficiency in China: the mediating role of industrial structure.

Industrial upgrading is the key to promoting green economic efficiency. Coordination between environmental regulations and industrial structure can lead to sustainable economic growth. However, insufficient attention has been paid to the mechanism by which environmental regulation (ER) promote green economic efficiency (GEE) under the mediating role of industrial structure optimization.

Covalent Linkage of BODIPY-Photosensitizers to Anderson-Type Polyoxometalates Using CLICK Chemistry.

The covalent attachment of molecular photosensitizers (PS) to polyoxometalates (POMs) opens new pathways to PS-POM dyads for light-driven charge-transfer and charge-storage. Here, we report a synthetic route for the covalent linkage of BODIPY-dyes to Anderson-type polyoxomolybdates by using CLICK chemistry (i. e.

Expanding the Chemical Space of Tetracyanobuta-1,3-diene (TCBD) through a Cyano-Diels-Alder Reaction: Synthesis, Structure, and Physicochemical Properties of an Anthryl-fused-TCBD Derivative.

Tetracyanobuta-1,3-diene (TCBD) is a powerful and versatile electron-acceptor moiety widely used for the preparation of electroactive conjugates. While many reports addressing its electron-accepting capability have appeared in the literature, significantly scarcer are those dealing with its chemical modification, a relevant topic which allows to broaden the chemical space of this interesting functional unit. Here, we report on the first example of a high-yielding cyano-Diels-Alder (CDA) reaction between TCBD, that is, where a nitrile group acts as a dienophile, and an anthryl moiety, that is, acting as a diene.

Functional analysis of CYP6AE68, a cytochrome P450 gene associated with indoxacarb resistance in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) is a widely distributed, highly polyphagous pest that can cause severe damage to a variety of economically important crops. Various populations have developed resistance to different classes of insecticides. In this study, we report on two indoxacarb-resistant S.

Inward foreign direct investment, outward foreign direct investment, and carbon dioxide emission intensity-threshold regression analysis based on interprovincial panel data.

Based on the panel data of 30 provinces (except for Tibet, Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan) in China from 2005 to 2016, a nonlinear threshold regression model and a carbon emission expansion models were constructed to empirically analyze the threshold effect of inward foreign direct investment (IFDI) and outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) on carbon dioxide emission intensity in China. The results show that (1) China's OFDI has increased carbon dioxide emission intensity while the IFDI has a significant inhibitory effect on carbon dioxide emission intensity. (2) The impact of the OFDI on carbon dioxide emission intensity gets influenced by the threshold effect of population size, economic development level, technology level, and environmental regulation.

Heterogeneous impacts of environmental regulations and foreign direct investment on green innovation across different regions in China.

Green innovation (GI) is an important way to realize the sustainable development. This paper contributes to the existing literature by analyzing the effects of different environmental regulations on green innovation from a heterogeneous perspective. We also compare the impacts of indigenous innovation input and foreign technology spillover on green innovation.

1,7,9,10-Tetrasubstituted PMIs Accessible through Decarboxylative Bromination: Synthesis, Characterization, Photophysical Studies, and Hydrogen Evolution Catalysis.

In this work, we present a new synthetic strategy for fourfold-substituted perylene monoimides via tetrabrominated perylene monoanhydrides. X-ray diffraction analysis unveiled the intramolecular stacking orientation between the substituents and semicircular packing behavior. We observed the remarkable influence of the substituent on the longevity and nature of the excited state upon visible light excitation.

Is electron ping-pong limiting the catalytic hydrogen evolution activity in covalent photosensitizer-polyoxometalate dyads?

Understanding the limitations of catalytic processes enables the design of optimized catalysts. Here, femtosecond transient absorption spectroelectrochemistry is used to explore the photophysics of polyoxometalate-based covalent photosensitizer-hydrogen evolution catalyst dyads. The study shows that the presence of light-driven forward and backward electron transfer, i.

Effect of nitrate on the phototreatment of Triton X-100 simulated washing waste containing 4,4'-dibromodiphenyl ether: Kinetics, products and toxicity assessment.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of nitrate on the ultraviolet (UV) treatment of simulated washing wastes containing Trion X-100 (TX-100) surfactant and 4,4'-dibromodiphenyl ether (BDE-15) pollutant. The presence of nitrate accelerated the photodegradation of BDE-15 and TX-100, because they reacted with reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced from conversion between nitrate and nitrite. Due to nitrite having a stronger radical quenching property than nitrate, nitrite hindered TX-100 decay while the photodegradation rate of BDE-15 was similar to that in the presence of nitrate.

Yield-not only Lifetime-of the Photoinduced Charge-Separated State in Iridium Complex-Polyoxometalate Dyads Impact Their Hydrogen Evolution Reactivity.

Covalently linked photosensitizer-polyoxometalate (PS-POM) dyads are promising molecular systems for light-induced energy conversion processes, such as "solar" hydrogen generation. To date, very little is known of their fundamental photophysical properties which affect the catalytic reactivity and stability of the systems. PS-POM dyads often feature short-lived photoinduced charge-separated states, and the lifetimes of these states are considered crucial for the function of PS-POM dyads in molecular photocatalysis.

Superexchange in the fast lane - intramolecular electron transfer in a molecular triad occurs by conformationally gated superexchange.

Photoinduced electron transfer via hopping is generally considered to have a stronger temperature dependence than electron transfer via superexchange. However, in this work, an opposite trend of the temperature dependence is observed. This unexpected result is rationalized by considering the specific geometrical and electronic structure of the Ru-bis(terpyridine) photosensitizer.

Remote control of electronic coupling - modification of excited-state electron-transfer rates in Ru(tpy)-based donor-acceptor systems by remote ligand design.

A comprehensive understanding of how the molecular structure influences the electronic coupling is crucial in optimizing (supra) molecular assemblies for photoinduced electron transfer. Here, we report that the electronic coupling underlying electron transfer from a phenothiazine donor to a photoexcited Ru(tpy)2 acceptor is modulated by substitution of the second (remote) tpy-ligand.

Coexistence of distinct intramolecular electron transfer pathways in polyoxometalate based molecular triads.

Polyoxometalate (POM)-associated charge-separated states, formed by the photoinduced oxidation of a covalently attached photosensitizer and reduction of the POM, have attracted much attention due to the remarkable catalytic properties of the reduced POMs. However, short lifetimes of the POM-associated charge-separated state, which in some cases lead to the backward electron transfer being more rapid than the formation of the charge-separated state itself, are generally observed. Recently, we reported on the first example of a relative long-lived (τ = 470 ns) charge-separated state in a Ru(ii) bis(terpyridine)-POM molecular dyad.

Correction to: The influencing factors of CO emission intensity of Chinese agriculture from 1997 to 2014.

The correct name of the 2nd Author is Yusen Luo. The original article has been corrected.