Gut Microbiota and Liver Regeneration: A Synthesis of Evidence on Structural Changes and Physiological Mechanisms.

Liver regeneration (LR) is a unique biological process with the ability to restore up to 70% of the organ. This allows for the preservation of liver resections for various liver tumors and for living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). However, in some cases, LR is insufficient and interventions that can improve LR are urgently needed.

Applied physiology: gut microbiota and antimicrobial therapy.

The gut microbiota plays an important role in maintaining human health and in the pathogenesis of several diseases. Antibiotics are among the most commonly prescribed drugs and have a significant impact on the structure and function of the gut microbiota. The understanding that a healthy gut microbiota prevents the development of many diseases has also led to its consideration as a potential therapeutic target.

Tourette syndrome and obsessive-compulsive disorder: A comprehensive review of structural alterations and neurological mechanisms.

Currently, it is possible to study the pathogenesis of Tourette's syndrome (TS) in more detail, due to more advanced methods of neuroimaging. However, medical and surgical treatment options are limited by a lack of understanding of the nature of the disorder and its relationship to some psychiatric disorders, the most common of which is obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). It is believed that the origin of chronic tic disorders is based on an imbalance of excitatory and inhibitory influences in the Cortico-Striato-Thalamo-Cortical circuits (CSTC).

Identifying sex-specific injury predictors as a key factor in maintaining optimal physical activity levels.

Background: Optimal physical activity is known to reduce cardiovascular, respiratory and endocrine system diseases and, as a consequence, improve quality of life. An important risk factor for reinjuries during normal exercise is the initial connective tissue pathology. The variety of clinical dysplastic manifestations significantly complicate the timely diagnosis of this comorbidity.

infection in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-current status.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, leading to fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma and also associated with increased cardiovascular disease mortality. The pathogenesis of NAFLD is not fully understood, although NAFLD is thought to be a hepatic form of metabolic syndrome. There is an increasing understanding of the role of microbiota disturbances in NAFLD pathogenesis, and as with many other conditions affecting the microbiota, NAFLD may be a novel risk factor for () colonization (CDC) and infection (CDI).

Risk modeling of femoral neck fracture based on geometric parameters of the proximal epiphysis.

Background: Fractures of the proximal femur epiphysis are problematic for state health care because they are associated with severe medical and social problems and high morbidity and mortality rates.

Aim: To model the potential risk of hip fracture femur geometric parameters.

Methods: Seventy educational cadaveric femurs from people aged 14 to 80 years, 10 X-ray images from the records of the Human Anatomy Department and 10 X-ray images from the Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Disaster Surgery of Sechenov University, were evaluated.

Rare primary mature teratoma of the liver: A case report.

Background: Primary liver teratoma is an extremely rare tumor usually affecting children under the age of 3 years. Specific signs of teratoma on ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging are lacking, which makes morphology the only diagnostic tool. Misdiagnosis of a mature teratoma may lead to excessive liver resection, whereas misdiagnosis of an immature teratoma may result in spread, causing a life-threatening condition.

Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: A different concept for radical resection.

Background: Long-term outcomes depend heavily on the possibility of performing radical resection.

Purpose: To evaluate long-term results in perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHC) patients from the perspective of a new understanding of radical resection.

Methods: Consecutive PHC patients who underwent surgical resection at A.