Novel bronchoscopic treatment for bronchopleural fistula using adipose-derived stromal cells.

Background Aims: In this report, we describe the successful bronchoscopic management of bronchopleural fistula in two patients, using autologous adipose-derived stromal cells. Cell therapy was considered for 2 cases of bronchopleural fistula refractory to conventional surgical treatment after control of the primary disease was confirmed and active pleural infection was ruled out. Briefly, adipose-derived stem cells were first isolated from lipoaspirate and used without cell expansion.

Cytosolic phospholipase A2 inhibition attenuates ischemia-reperfusion injury in an isolated rat lung model.

Background: Arachidonic acid metabolites and platelet-activating factor (PAF) are potentially involved in ischemia-reperfusion (IR) lung injury. A key enzyme regulating their metabolism is cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2). Arachidonyl trifluoromethyl ketone (AACOCF3) is reported to be a potent cPLA2 inhibitor.

MCI-186 (edaravone), a free radical scavenger, attenuates ischemia-reperfusion injury and activation of phospholipase A(2) in an isolated rat lung model after 18 h of cold preservation.

Objective: Increased microvascular permeability and extravasation of inflammatory cells are key events in ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. We hypothesized that edaravone, a free radical scavenger, is able to attenuate IR lung injury by decreasing oxidative stress and phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) activation, which otherwise may lead to lung injury through PAF receptor (PAF-R) activation.

Methods: We used an isolated rat lung model.