Impact of high-speed nanodroplets on various pathogenic bacterial cell walls.

Unlabelled: Although the development of disinfection technologies with novel mechanisms has stagnated, we demonstrate the bactericidal effects and mechanisms of high-speed nanodroplet generation technology. The first development of this technology in 2017 gushes out a water droplet of 10 nm in size at 50 m/s; however, the target surface does not become completely wet. Nanodroplets were exposed to biofilm models of , , , and .

Overproduction of Chromosomal β-Lactamase Gene Maintains Resistance to Cefazolin in Escherichia coli Isolates.

Cefazolin, an active agent against Escherichia coli, is used to treat urinary and biliary tract infections. Cefazolin is used widely as an antibiotic, and the increase in the emergence of cefazolin-resistant E. coli in many countries is a major concern.