Induction of G/M arrest and apoptosis through mitochondria pathway by a dimer sesquiterpene lactone from Smallanthus sonchifolius in HeLa cells.

Dimer sesquiterpene lactones (SLs), uvedafolin and enhydrofolin, against four monomer SLs isolated from yacon, Smallanthus sonchifolius, leaf were the most cytotoxic substances on HeLa cells (IC values 2.96-3.17 μM at 24 hours).

A high-fat diet increases the incidence of mammary cancer inc-Ha- proto-oncogene transgenic rats.

Mammary cancer is the most common type of cancer and the fifth most common cause of cancer-related deaths among Japanese women. The recent sharp increase in the number of women diagnosed with mammary cancer per year is thought to be associated with increased fat intake resulting from changes in the dietary habits of contemporary Japanese citizens. In this study, human c-Ha- proto-oncogene transgenic (Hras128) rats, which are highly susceptible to mammary carcinogens, were fed high- or low-fat diets to examine the relationship between fat consumption and the development of mammary cancer.

New Sesquiterpene Lactone Dimer, Uvedafolin, Extracted from Eight Yacon Leaf Varieties (Smallanthus sonchifolius): Cytotoxicity in HeLa, HL-60, and Murine B16-F10 Melanoma Cell Lines.

Uvedafolin, 1, a new sesquiterpene lactone dimer, was isolated from the leaves of Smallanthus sonchifolius with five related compounds, 2-6, and their cytotoxicity was assessed against three tumor cell lines (HeLa, HL-60, B16-F10 melanoma). The stereostructure of 1 was newly elucidated by ESI-TOF-MS, 1D/2D NMR, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Dimers 1 and 2 had the most effective IC50 values, 0.