Evaluation of Nudge-Based Notification for Follow-Up Examinations in Health Check-Ups Targeting Occupational Health Staff and Undiagnosed Workers: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose Follow-up examinations after health check-ups are important for early detection of noncommunicable diseases among workers. Nudging can serve as an effective intervention for individuals who avoid follow-up examinations due to cognitive biases. This study aims to evaluate the interest in nudge-based notification for follow-up examinations, targeting occupational health staff and undiagnosed workers in a randomized controlled trial.

The effect of exercise and educational programs for breast cancer patients on the development of breast cancer-related lymphoedema: secondary endpoint from a randomized controlled trial in the Setouchi Breast Project-10.

Background: Although the association between higher physical activity and preventive effect on breast-cancer-related lymphoedema (BCRL) has been reported, it is unclear what intervention is optimal. We aimed to investigate the effect of exercise and educational programs on BCRL development.

Methods: This study was a secondary endpoint analysis from a prospective randomized controlled trial.

Long-Term Physical Activity and Body Composition After Exercise and Educational Programs for Breast Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial From the Setouchi Breast Project-10.

Background: It is unclear what interventions can sustain long-term higher physical activity (PA) to improve breast cancer outcomes. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the long-term effects of interventions on PA after breast cancer treatment.

Methods: This was a prospective randomized controlled trial for patients with stage 0 to III breast cancer evaluating the efficacy of exercise and educational programs on long-term PA compared with usual care.

Rainbow of KIBOU project: Effectiveness of invitation materials for improving cancer screening rate using social marketing and behavioral economics approaches.

Studies to date have shown that individual invitation (call) and re-invitation (recall) are effective in improving cancer screening rate. Also, by dividing subjects into segments and sending unique messages to each segment, the cancer screening rate is further improved. However, this approach is not realistic in the local governments due to limited resources, so we used social marketing and nudge techniques to develop cancer screening recommendation materials that do not need to send separately.

Correction to: Tailored message interventions versus typical messages for increasing participation in colorectal cancer screening among a non-adherent population: A randomized controlled trial.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Efficacy of screening using annual fecal immunochemical test alone versus combined with one-time colonoscopy in reducing colorectal cancer mortality: the Akita Japan population-based colonoscopy screening trial (Akita pop-colon trial).

Purpose: Screening programs using fecal occult blood testing help reduce mortality from colorectal cancer (CRC). Colonoscopy and colonoscopy combined with fecal occult blood testing are considered alternatives with higher sensitivity than fecal tests; however, to our knowledge, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) providing such evidence have not been reported. Therefore, this study aimed to compare screening using the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) combined with colonoscopy and FIT alone to evaluate the efficacy of colonoscopy screening in reducing CRC mortality.

ROK study-C (Rainbow of KIBOU study-colorectum): a colorectal cancer survivor cohort study on food, nutrition, physical activity, psychosocial factors and its influences on colorectal cancer recurrence, survival and quality of life in Japan.

Background: Many studies have shown that lifestyle factors such as diet, physical activity are related to the incidence of cancer. However, there are few studies on the association between lifestyle factors and cancer prognosis. To investigate the influence of lifestyle factors and psychosocial factors on prognosis, we started a prospective study of women with breast cancer, the Rainbow of KIBOU study-Breast (ROK Study-B) in 2007.

How long should we continue gastric cancer screening? From an epidemiological point of view.

Background: In Japan, incidence of gastric cancer is expected to follow the current downward trend as the younger generation has lower incidence of Helicobacter pylori infection. In this study we aimed to estimate how long gastric cancer screening is deemed necessary in the future from epidemiologic perspectives.

Methods: Following the Japanese guidelines for gastric cancer screening 2014, recommendation of providing population-based gastric cancer screening is judged by balancing benefits and harms.

Rainbow of KIBOU (ROK) study: a Breast Cancer Survivor Cohort in Japan.

Background: Although there are a large number of epidemiological studies investigating the etiological role of lifestyle factors in breast cancer, there are few studies on the association between lifestyle factors and breast cancer prognosis. To investigate the influence of lifestyle factors such as diet and physical activity, use of complementary and alternative medicine, and psychosocial factors on prognosis, we designed a large-scale cohort study of female breast cancer patients in Japan.

Methods: The planned sample size is 7200.

Tailored message interventions versus typical messages for increasing participation in colorectal cancer screening among a non-adherent population: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness and cost-efficiency of a tailored message intervention compared with a non-tailored message intervention for increasing colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates among a non-adherent population, in a community-based client reminder program.

Methods: After a baseline survey for psychological segmentation, 2140 eligible individuals were randomly assigned either to a group with a tailored matched-message condition (N = 356), a group with a non-tailored unmatched-message condition (N = 355), or to two control groups, one using a typical message with a professional design (N = 717) and one without a professional design (N = 712). The main outcome measure was attendance rates in a community-organized CRC screening program within five months of receiving a print reminder.

Impact of modifiable lifestyle factors on outcomes after breast cancer diagnosis: the Setouchi Breast Cancer Cohort Study.

The primary purpose of this large cohort study is to investigate the effects on breast cancer outcomes of modifiable lifestyle factors after breast cancer diagnosis. These factors include physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity and weight gain after diagnosis, alternative medicine and dietary factors. Women diagnosed with Stage 0 to III breast cancer are eligible for participation to this study.

Perception and needs of reproductive specialists with regard to fertility preservation of young breast cancer patients.

Background: Treatment-related infertility is one of the important quality-of-life issues in young breast cancer (YBC) patients. Although existing guidelines recommend supporting fertility preservation (FP) of YBC, the perceptions of reproductive specialists (RS) has not been evaluated. We investigated the perceptions and needs of RS with regard to FP of YBC patients.

Quantitative assessment of appearance changes and related distress in cancer patients.

Objectives: This study examined both the frequency of appearance-related symptoms and distress resulting from these symptoms in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.

Methods: Self-report questionnaires were distributed to 753 outpatients receiving ≧ 4 weeks of treatment at an outpatient chemotherapy center. Valid responses were returned by 638 patients (response rate, 84.

Prevalence of breast cancer risk factors in Japan.

Objective: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women worldwide. Although the incidence of breast cancer is still on an increasing trend, there are few studies concerning breast cancer risk factors in Japan. Therefore, we conducted an Internet survey investigating the prevalence of risk factors for breast cancer.

[Recruitment officers' attitude toward smoking habits of applicants].

Objectives: This study sought to determine the implications of smoking cessation/prevention policy in college students.

Methods: We conducted an internet survey to investigate the attitude of recruitment officers in a company concerning acceptance evaluation and smoking of applicants.

Results: Among 838 respondents, more than one-half had unfavorable impressions when they saw new employees or college students smoking.

Physicians' knowledge, attitude, and behavior regarding fertility issues for young breast cancer patients: a national survey for breast care specialists.

Background: Fertility is one of the key aspects of quality of life for breast cancer patients of childbearing age. The objective of this study was to describe fertility-related practice for young breast cancer patients in Japan and to identify healthcare provider factors that contribute to physicians' behavior towards fertility preservation.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was developed in order for Japanese breast cancer specialists (n = 843) to self-evaluate their knowledge, attitude, and behavior regarding fertility preservation.

How families in Japan view the disclosure of terminal illness: a study of iatrogenic HIV infection.

Physicians in Japan typically do not disclose diagnoses of terminal illnesses to patients, in deference to the wishes of family members. Nonetheless, some evidence indicates that relatives of patients with iatrogenic HIV infection would prefer patient disclosure. We collected survey data from 314 family members in 225 households of hemophiliac patients who died from illnesses related to iatrogenic HIV infection in order to examine current attitudes toward patient disclosure in Japan.

Should we tell the truth? Why families in Japan chose to tell their loved ones they were victims of iatrogenic HIV infection.

Japanese families traditionally avoid disclosing diagnoses of terminal illnesses to patients, seeking to protect the patient from emotional pain and shock. Using awareness theory, in this study we aimed to investigate the attitudes toward disclosure among bereaved families of Japanese hemophiliacs with iatrogenic HIV/AIDS. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 34 bereaved family members.

Psychosocial problems of bereaved families of HIV-infected hemophiliacs in Japan.

This study sought to investigate the psychosocial difficulties faced by bereaved families of HIV-infected hemophiliacs in Japan, with the goal of clarifying appropriate ways to offer them support. Interviews were conducted with 46 family members from 36 families, and a written survey was mailed to 392 families. Valid responses from 225 families (307 family members) were analyzed (response rate 57.