Biofilm Spreading by the Adhesin-Dependent Gliding Motility of : 2. Role of Filamentous Extracellular Network and Cell-to-Cell Connections at the Biofilm Surface.

forms a thin spreading colony on nutrient-poor agar using gliding motility. As reported in the first paper, WT cells in the colony were sparsely embedded in self-produced extracellular polymeric matrix (EPM), while cells were densely packed in immature biofilm with less matrix. The colony surface is critical for antibiotic resistance and cell survival.

Biofilm Spreading by the Adhesin-Dependent Gliding Motility of . 1. Internal Structure of the Biofilm.

The Gram-negative bacterium employs gliding motility to move rapidly over solid surfaces. Gliding involves the movement of the adhesin SprB along the cell surface. spreads on nutrient-poor 1% agar-PY2, forming a thin film-like colony.

Colony spreading of the gliding bacterium Flavobacterium johnsoniae in the absence of the motility adhesin SprB.

Colony spreading of Flavobacterium johnsoniae is shown to include gliding motility using the cell surface adhesin SprB, and is drastically affected by agar and glucose concentrations. Wild-type (WT) and ΔsprB mutant cells formed nonspreading colonies on soft agar, but spreading dendritic colonies on soft agar containing glucose. In the presence of glucose, an initial cell growth-dependent phase was followed by a secondary SprB-independent, gliding motility-dependent phase.

Calcium phosphate mineralization in bone tissues directly observed in aqueous liquid by atmospheric SEM (ASEM) without staining: microfluidics crystallization chamber and immuno-EM.

The malformation and disordered remodeling of bones induce various diseases, including osteoporosis. We have developed atmospheric SEM (ASEM) to directly observe aldehyde-fixed bone tissue immersed in radical scavenger buffer without thin sectioning. The short procedure realized the observation of bone mineralization surrounded by many cells and matrices in natural aqueous buffer, decreasing the risk of changes.

Primary cultured neuronal networks and type 2 diabetes model mouse fatty liver tissues in aqueous liquid observed by atmospheric SEM (ASEM): Staining preferences of metal solutions.

Neural networking, including axon targeting and synapse formation, is the basis of various brain functions, including memory and learning. Diabetes-mellitus affects peripheral nerves and is known to cause fatty liver disease. Electron microscopy (EM) provides the resolution required to observe changes in fine subcellular structures caused by such physiological and pathological processes, but samples are observed in vacuum.