Urinary liver-type fatty acid binding protein is a biomarker reflecting renal damage and the ameliorative effect of drugs at an early stage of histone-induced acute kidney injury.

Aim: Circulated histones play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases and severe trauma, and it is one of the potential molecular targets for therapeutics. Recently, we reported that histone is one of the causative agents for urinary L-FABP increase. However, the mechanism is still unclear, especially in severe cases.

Urinary liver-type fatty acid binding protein is increased in the early stages of the disease with a risk of acute kidney injury induced by histone.

Aim: Urinary liver-type fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) has potential utility as an early prognostic biomarker ahead of traditional severity scores in coronavirus disease 2019 and sepsis, however, the mechanism of elevated urinary L-FABP in the disease has not been clearly elucidated. We investigated the background mechanisms of urinary L-FABP excretion through non-clinical animal model focusing on histone, which is one of the aggravating factors in these infectious diseases.

Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were placed in central intravenous catheters, and these rats were given a continuous intravenous infusion of 0.

A 4-[(3R,4R)-dihydroxypyrrolidino]pyrimidin-2-one nucleobase for a CG base pair in triplex DNA.

In order to expand target sequences in triplex DNA formation, the development of a nucleobase that recognizes a CG base pair in dsDNA was attempted. A 4-[(3R,4R)-dihydroxypyrrolidino]pyrimidin-2-one nucleobase was found to recognize a CG base pair with high sequence-selectivity.

2',4'-BNA bearing a 2-pyridine nucleobase for CG base pair recognition in the parallel motif triplex DNA.

We succeeded in the synthesis of triplex-forming oligonucleotides (TFOs) that contain a deoxyribonucleotide (Py) bearing a 2-pyridine nucleobase or the 2',4'-BNA congener (Py(B)). By UV melting experiments, it was found that 2-pyridine was a very promising nucleobase for the sequence-selective recognition of a CG base pair within double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) in a parallel motif triplex. Moreover, Py(B) in TFOs showed stronger affinity to a CG base pair than Py with further increase in the selectivity.