Left or bilateral internal mammary artery employment in coronary artery bypass grafting: midterm results.

Background: The gold standard for coronary artery bypass grafting to the left anterior descending artery is use of the left internal mammary artery. Better long-term survival has been reported using bilateral internal mammary arteries compared to left internal mammary artery only, but many surgeons are reluctant to employ bilateral internal mammary arteries in coronary artery bypass grafting. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of bilateral internal mammary artery use.