ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN CHOROIDAL ALTERATIONS AND EARLY NEURODEGENERATION IN DIABETES WITHOUT DIABETIC RETINOPATHY: Insights From Ultra-Widefield Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Imaging.

Purpose: To identify associations between choroidal alterations and the reduction of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness in diabetes without diabetic retinopathy (nondiabetic retinopathy, NDR).

Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 143 eyes from 83 patients with NDR and 124 eyes from 82 matched healthy controls. Ultra-widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography was used to automatically measure retinal and choroidal thickness (ChT), retinal vascular density, and choroidal vascular metrics.

Identification of diabetic retinopathy classification using machine learning algorithms on clinical data and optical coherence tomography angiography.

Background: To apply machine learning (ML) algorithms to perform multiclass diabetic retinopathy (DR) classification using both clinical data and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, clinical data and OCTA parameters from 203 diabetic patients (203 eye) were used to establish the ML models, and those from 169 diabetic patients (169 eye) were used for independent external validation. The random forest, gradient boosting machine (GBM), deep learning and logistic regression algorithms were used to identify the presence of DR, referable DR (RDR) and vision-threatening DR (VTDR).

Association between choroidal thickness and diabetic macular edema: a meta-analysis.

Aims: To evaluate the association between subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and diabetic macular edema (DME).

Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: A retrospective or prospective study comparing SFCT in diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients with and without DME was included.

Expression of the SARS-CoV-2 Receptor ACE2 and Protease TMPRSS2 in Ocular Hypertension Eyes of Nonhuman Primate and Human.

Purpose: Coronavirus disease 2019 is a disease caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The double-positive of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and transmembrane protease serine type 2 have a higher risk of being infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The susceptibility of coronavirus disease 2019 in patients with chronic diseases, especially in different tissues of ocular hypertension eyes like glaucoma, is not yet known.

High-Altitude Exposure and Diabetic Retinopathy: Unveiling the Impact and Mechanisms of Alleviation.

Background: High altitude (HA) is an extremely challenging environment for millions of people who either travel to HA regions or inhabit there permanently.

Summary: Significant progress has been made over the past decades in the understanding of physiological adaptations in HA conditions, and recently, more studies regarding its influence on metabolic disease have been published. However, the effect of HA on diabetic retinopathy (DR), the leading cause of blindness, remains unclear.

Changes in the choroid detected by ultrawide-field optical coherence tomography angiography in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients without diabetic retinopathy.

Aim: The study objective was to investigate the choroidal changes in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients without diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Controls without diabetes and T2DM patients without DR (NDR) were included.

Long-Term Real-World Outcomes of Corneal Changes in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: Panretinal Photocoagulation vs. Intravitreal Conbercept.

Purpose: To compare long-term real-world outcomes of corneal thickness (CT) alterations in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) patients treated with panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) and intravitreal conbercept (IVC).

Methods: This retrospective study included 69 eyes of 69 patients with PDR (42 PRP and 27 IVC). Full corneal thickness (FCT), corneal epithelial thickness (CET) and corneal stromal thickness (CST) measured by anterior segment optical coherence tomography at baseline were compared between groups.

A Newly Established Cuproptosis-Related Gene Signature for Predicting Prognosis and Immune Infiltration in Uveal Melanoma.

Uveal melanoma (UVM) is the most common primary ocular malignancy in adults and involves several types of regulated cell death. Cuproptosis is a novel method of regulating cell death by binding lipoylated TCA cycle proteins. There is still no research on the relationship between cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) and UVM.

Long-term real-world outcomes of retinal microvasculature changes in proliferative diabetic retinopathy treated with panretinal photocoagulation vs. intravitreal conbercept.

Purpose: To compare long-term real-world outcomes of retinal microvasculature changes in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) treated with panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) vs. intravitreal conbercept (IVC) and to explore the potential factors affecting these changes.

Methods: This study retrospectively included 96 treatment-naïve PDR eyes of 96 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients [59 PRP and 37 IVC].

Retinal and Choroidal Alterations in Diabetic Retinopathy Treatment using Subthreshold Panretinal Photocoagulation with Endpoint Management Algorithm: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare retinal and choroidal alterations in eyes with severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) after panretinal photocoagulation (PRP), using conventional pattern scan laser (PASCAL) and PASCAL with endpoint management (EPM).

Methods: This was a post hoc analysis of a paired randomized clinical trial. Bilateral treatment-naïve eyes of an individual with symmetric severe NPDR were randomly allocated into the threshold PRP group and subthreshold EPM PRP group.

The association between decreased choriocapillary flow and electroretinogram impairments in patients with diabetes.

Purpose: To evaluate the association between choriocapillary flow (CCF) and electroretinogram (ERG) in patients with diabetes.

Method: This was a cross-sectional study. Patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy controls who had undergone both flicker ERG and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) were included, while patients with severe diabetic retinopathy (DR) and macular edema were excluded.

Protocol for laser-induced chronic ocular hypertension and intracameral injection in nonhuman primates.

Laser-induced hypertension in nonhuman primates is used to mimic human glaucoma, the leading cause of irreversible blindness. In this protocol, we detail steps for laser-induced ocular hypertension in nonhuman primates by laser photocoagulation of the trabecular meshwork and subsequent intracameral injection. We further describe recording and evaluation of intraocular pressure changes and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness.

Use of a tissue clearing technique combined with retrograde trans-synaptic viral tracing to evaluate changes in mouse retinorecipient brain regions following optic nerve crush.

Successful establishment of reconnection between retinal ganglion cells and retinorecipient regions in the brain is critical to optic nerve regeneration. However, morphological assessments of retinorecipient regions are limited by the opacity of brain tissue. In this study, we used an innovative tissue cleaning technique combined with retrograde trans-synaptic viral tracing to observe changes in retinorecipient regions connected to retinal ganglion cells in mice after optic nerve injury.

Comprehensive Management of Infantile Hemangiomas Involving the Periorbital Region.

Periocular infantile hemangioma (pIH) is associated with a risk of vision loss and requires urgent medical intervention. We evaluated the outcomes of the comprehensive management of 44 pIH patients (aged 2-6 months) with superficial (n = 11), deep (n = 15), and mixed (n = 18) subtypes, treated with a standard propranolol dose (2 mg kg -1 d -1 ) without any obvious side effects. Obvious and slight improvements were observed in 70.

Erratum: Long-term and potent IOP-lowering effect of IκBα-siRNA in a nonhuman primate model of chronic ocular hypertension.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.

Effects of curcumin nanoparticles on proliferation and VEGF expression of human retinal pigment epithelial cells.

Aim: To investigate the effects of curcumin (Cur) nanoparticles loaded with chitosan derivatives grafted by deoxycholic acid (Chit-DC) on human retinal pigment epithelial (hRPE) cell proliferation and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA expression.

Methods: Cur nanoparticles were synthesized with Chit-DC as the carrier and Cur as the supported drug. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) method was used to detect the effects of different concentrations of Cur/Chit-DC, Chit-DC, and Cur on the proliferation of hRPE cells for different times.

Nomogram-based prediction of clinically significant macular edema in diabetes mellitus patients.

Aims: The aim of the study was to construct and validate a risk nomogram for clinically significant macular edema (CSME) prediction in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients using systemic variables.

Methods: In this retrospective study, DM inpatients who underwent routine diabetic retinopathy screening were recruited and divided into training and validation sets according to their admission date. Ninety-three demographic and systemic variables were collected.

Long-term and potent IOP-lowering effect of IκBα-siRNA in a nonhuman primate model of chronic ocular hypertension.

Glaucoma is one of the most common causes of irreversible blindness. It is acknowledged that lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) is the effective treatment to slow glaucoma disease progression. The main obstacle of existing drugs is that the effect of reducing IOP does not last long.

Incidence and Characteristics of Retinopathy of Prematurity Patients With Late Gestational Age and Large Birth Weight in South China.

Purpose: To investigate the incidence and characteristics of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) premature infants with late gestational age (GA) and large birth weight (BW) and show a 7-year trend of ROP incidence in South China.

Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study included premature infants who received ROP screening in a 7-year period (from 2010 to 2016) at the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital (SYSMH), Guangzhou, South China. Infants were screened if they had GA <37 weeks or BW <2,500 g.

Radiation optic neuropathy diagnosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with radiation encephalopathy.

Aim: To develop a suitable radiation optic neuropathy (RON) diagnostic model based on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and to reveal the correlation between endocrine and OCTA indexes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients with radiation encephalopathy (RE).

Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included seventy-seven male NPC patients with RE following radiotherapy (41 non-RON and 36 RON). Endocrine and OCTA indexes were collected.

Relative peripheral refraction characteristics and their relationship with retinal microvasculature in young adults: Using a novel quantitative approach.

Aim: To analyze relative peripheral refraction (RPR) characteristics in young adults and to investigate the relationship between RPR and retinal microvasculature using multispectral refractive tomography (MRT), a novel quantitative approach.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 278 eyes of 139 young adults. All eyes underwent complete ophthalmic examinations, including MRT, optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and other ocular examinations.

Global disease burden of uncorrected refractive error among adolescents from 1990 to 2019.

Background: To estimate the global disease burden of uncorrected refractive error (URE) among adolescents and assess the contributions of various risk factors to disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to URE.

Methods: Global, regional and country-level DALY numbers and rates due to URE among adolescents were acquired from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 database. Human Development Index (HDI), Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) and other country-level data were obtained from other open databases as potential indicators.

Eyelid blood vessel and meibomian gland changes in a sclerodermatous chronic GVHD mouse model.

Purpose: To investigate pathological changes in blood vessels and meibomian glands (MGs) in the eyelids of sclerodermatous chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) model mice.

Methods: We used an established major histocompatibility complex compatible, multiple minor histocompatibility antigen-mismatched sclerodermatous cGVHD mouse model. Blood vessels and MGs of eyelids from allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT) recipient mice and syngeneic bone marrow transplantation (syn-BMT) recipient mice were assessed by histopathology, immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy.