bZIP Transcription Factor PavbZIP6 Regulates Anthocyanin Accumulation by Increasing Abscisic Acid in Sweet Cherry.

Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors (TFs) play a crucial role in anthocyanin accumulation in plants. In addition to bZIP TFs, abscisic acid (ABA) increases anthocyanin biosynthesis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether bZIP TFs are involved in ABA-induced anthocyanin accumulation in sweet cherry and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Understanding cellulose pyrolysis via ab initio deep learning potential field.

Comprehensive and dynamic studies of cellulose pyrolysis reaction mechanisms are crucial in designing experiments and processes with enhanced safety, efficiency, and sustainability. The details of the pyrolysis mechanism are not readily available from experiments but can be better described via molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. However, the large size of cellulose molecules challenges accurate ab initio MD simulations, while existing reactive force field parameters lack precision.

Extracellular Matrices as Bioactive Materials for In Situ Tissue Regeneration.

Bioactive materials based on a nature-derived extracellular matrix (NECM) represent a category of biomedical devices with versatile therapeutic applications in the realms of tissue repair and engineering. With advancements in decellularization technique, the inherent bioactive molecules and the innate nano-structural and mechanical properties are preserved in three-dimensional scaffolds mainly composed of collagens. Techniques such as electrospinning, three-dimensional printing, and the intricate fabrication of hydrogels are developed to mimic the physical structures, biosignalling and mechanical cues of ECM.

Two B-box proteins, PavBBX6/9, positively regulate light-induced anthocyanin accumulation in sweet cherry.

Anthocyanin production in bicolored sweet cherry (Prunus avium cv. Rainier) fruit is induced by light exposure, leading to red coloration. The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) is essential for this process, but the regulatory relationships that link light and ABA with anthocyanin-associated coloration are currently unclear.

MicroRNA156ab regulates apple plant growth and drought tolerance by targeting transcription factor MsSPL13.

Drought stress substantially reduces the productivity of apple plants and severely restricts the development of apple industry. Malus sieversii, wild apples with excellent drought resistance, is a valuable wild resource for a rootstock improvement of cultivated apple (Malus domestica). miRNAs and their targets play essential roles in plant growth and stress responses, but their roles in drought stress responses in apple are unknown.

Genome-Wide Identification of the SQUAMOSA Promoter-Binding Protein-like (SPL) Transcription Factor Family in Sweet Cherry Fruit.

Plant-specific SQUAMOSA promoter-binding protein-like (SPL) transcription factors play important regulatory roles during plant growth and development, fruit ripening, inflorescence branching, and biotic and abiotic stresses. However, there have been no identification or systematic studies of the SPL gene family in the sweet cherry. In this study, 12 genes were identified in the sweet cherry reference genome, which were distributed over 6 chromosomes and classified into six groups according to phylogenetic relationships with other SPL gene families.

Synthesis and Functionalization of Graphene Materials for Biomedical Applications: Recent Advances, Challenges, and Perspectives.

Since its discovery in 2004, graphene is increasingly applied in various fields owing to its unique properties. Graphene application in the biomedical domain is promising and intriguing as an emerging 2D material with a high surface area, good mechanical properties, and unrivalled electronic and physical properties. This review summarizes six typical synthesis methods to fabricate pristine graphene (p-G), graphene oxide (GO), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), followed by characterization techniques to examine the obtained graphene materials.

miR164g- acts as a novel module mediating drought response by transcriptional regulation of reactive oxygen species scavenging systems in apple.

Under drought stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS) overaccumulate as a secondary stress that impairs plant performance and thus severely reduces crop yields. The mitigation of ROS levels under drought stress is therefore crucial for drought tolerance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are critical regulators of plant development and stress responses.

Abscisic acid-responsive transcription factors PavDof2/6/15 mediate fruit softening in sweet cherry.

Softening is a key step during fruit ripening that is modulated by the interplay between multiple phytohormones. The antagonistic action of abscisic acid (ABA) and auxin determines the rate of fruit ripening and softening. However, the transcription factors that integrate ABA and auxin signals to regulate fruit softening remain to be determined.

Genome-Wide Identification of the () and () Genes and Characterization of Their Role in Fruit Softening of Sweet Cherry.

Fruit firmness is an important economical trait in sweet cherry ( L.) where the change of this trait is related to cell wall degradation. Xyloglucan endotransglycosylase/hydrolase (XTH) and polygalacturonases (PGs) are critical cell-wall-modifying enzymes that occupy a crucial position in fruit ripening and softening.

Expression of the NF-YB21 Encoded Gene Confers Tolerance to Osmotic Stresses in .

Drought is the main environmental factor that limits the yield and quality of apples () grown in arid and semi-arid regions. Nuclear factor Ys (NF-Ys) are important transcription factors involved in the regulation of plant growth, development, and various stress responses. However, the function of genes is poorly understood in apples.

Genome-Wide Identification of the - Genes that Respond to Multiple Ripening Related Signals in Sweet Cherry Fruit.

proteins are zinc finger transcription factors that play important roles in plant growth, development, and abiotic stress responses. In this study, we identified 15 genes in the genome database of sweet cherry. We systematically analyzed the gene structures, clustering characteristics, and expression patterns of these genes during fruit development and in response to light and various hormones.

The Apple Module Enhances Drought Stress Tolerance by Integrating Ascorbic Acid Metabolism.

Drought stress severely restricts crop yield and quality. Small noncoding RNAs play critical roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses by regulating target gene expression, but their roles in drought stress tolerance in apple () are poorly understood. Here, we identified various small noncoding RNAs and their targets from the wild apple species via high-throughput sequencing and degradome analysis.

The influence of trait empathy on reactive aggression: An ERP study.

This study mainly investigated the electrophysiological mechanism underlying the effect of trait empathy on reactive aggression using event-related potentials (ERPs). Firstly, we computed the correlation between trait empathy and trait aggression in 413 male undergraduates. The trait empathy was positively correlated with trait aggression, whereas the perspective taking (cognitive empathy) and the empathic concern (affective empathy) dimensions of trait empathy were negatively correlated with physical aggression.

Development of high-performance biodegradable rigid polyurethane foams using all bioresource-based polyols: Lignin and soy oil-derived polyols.

Development of biodegradable polyurethane materials is the most promising in the wider context of the "greening" of industrial chemistry. To tackle this challenge, a novel biodegradable polyurethane foam from all bioresource-based polyols (lignin and soy oil-derived polyols) and polymeric methyldiphenyl diisocyanate (pMDI) have been synthesized via a one-pot and self-rising process. All these foam samples have the internal cellular morphology and microstructure.

Eye Movement Evidence of Attentional Bias for Substance-Related Cues in Heroin Dependents on Methadone Maintenance Therapy.

Background: Attentional biases toward substance-related stimuli might play a contributing role in addictive behaviors.

Objectives: This study investigated the selective attention to substance-related stimuli in heroin dependents receiving methadone maintenance therapy.

Methods: Thirty outpatients receiving methadone maintenance treatment for heroin dependence and 38 healthy controls completed a visual probe task with concurrent eye movement monitoring.

[Experimental study on treatment of immune ulcerative colitis in mice by Changlu Enema].

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of Chinese compound, Changlu Enema (CE), on immune ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice.

Methods: Mice were randomly divided into the normal group, the model group, the CE high dose (CE-H) and low dose (CE-L) group and the salicylazosulfapyridine (SASP) group. All mice, except those in the normal group, were made into UC model by colonic mucosa protein immunization.