DCC in the cerebral cortex is required for cognitive functions in mouse.

Schizophrenia (SZ) is a highly heritable mental disorder, and genome-wide association studies have identified the association between deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) and SZ. Previous study has shown a lowered expression of DCC in the cerebral cortex of SZ patient. In this study, we identified novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of DCC statistically correlated with SZ.

Atomic Layer Deposition of CeO Film with a Novel Heteroleptic Ce(III) Complex.

In this paper, four heteroleptic Ce(III) complexes, including Ce(thd)-phen (thd = 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedione, phen = 1, 10-phenanthroline (), Ce(thd)-MEDA (MEDA = N-Methylethylenediamine (), Ce(thd)-MOMA (MOMA = N-(2-Methoxyethyl)methylamine (), and Ce(thd)-DMDE (DMDE = ,″-dimethyl ethanol amine (), were synthesized and characterized with H-NMR, elemental analysis, and X-ray single-crystal diffraction. The thermogravimetric analysis and vapor pressure results indicated that the complexing ability of a nitrogen-containing bidentate ligand with a cerium ion was stronger than that of a mixed oxygen-nitrogen-containing bidentate ligand. Complex was selected as an ALD precursor to deposit a CeO film on a SiO/Si (100) wafer.

Ghost image analysis for pancake virtual reality systems.

Pancake optics (also known as polarization-based catadioptric system) has been widely used as the imaging lens for virtual reality (VR) and mixed reality (MR) headsets because of its compact formfactor and excellent image quality. However, such a folded pancake optics not only dramatically lowers the optical efficiency to 25% because of the utilization of a half mirror, but also suffers from ghost images due to the stray light from multiple surface reflections and imperfect polarization control inside the optical system. In this paper, the origins including the light paths of the ghost images are explored by experiment and then analyzed by simulation.

RNF220-mediated K63-linked polyubiquitination stabilizes Olig proteins during oligodendroglial development and myelination.

Maldevelopment of oligodendroglia underlies neural developmental disorders such as leukodystrophy. Precise regulation of the activity of specific transcription factors (TFs) by various posttranslational modifications (PTMs) is required to ensure proper oligodendroglial development and myelination. However, the role of ubiquitination of these TFs during oligodendroglial development is yet unexplored.

Overexpression of EphB6 and EphrinB2 controls soma spacing of cortical neurons in a mutual inhibitory way.

To establish functional circuitry, neurons settle down in a particular spatial domain by spacing their cell bodies, which requires proper positioning of the soma and establishing of a zone with unique connections. Deficits in this process are implicated in neurodevelopmental diseases. In this study, we examined the function of EphB6 in the development of cerebral cortex.

[Clinical study of bilateral axillo-breast approach robot in obese women with thyroid cancer].

To explore the safety and feasibility of bilateral axillo-breast approach （BABA） robot in the operation of thyroid cancer in obese women. The clinical data of 81 obese female patients who underwent da Vinci robotic thyroid cancer surgery（robotic group） at the Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, PLA 960 Hospital from May 2018 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed and compared with the clinical data of 106 obese female thyroid cancer patients who underwent open surgery（open group） during the same period. The age, body mass index（BMI）, mean time of surgery, mean postoperative drainage, tumor diameter, postoperative tumor stage, number of lymph node dissection in the central and lateral cervical regions, number of positive lymph nodes in the central and lateral cervical regions, postoperative cosmetic outcome satisfaction score, mean postoperative hospital stay and postoperative complications of all patients were counted.

Transient neurogenesis in ischemic cortex from Sox2 astrocytes.

The adult cortex has long been regarded as non-neurogenic. Whether injury can induce neurogenesis in the adult cortex is still controversial. Here, we report that focal ischemia stimulates a transient wave of local neurogenesis.

RNF220 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase for AMPA receptors to regulate synaptic transmission.

The accurate expression of postsynaptic AMPA receptors (AMPARs) is critical for information processing in the brain, and ubiquitination is a key regulator for this biological process. However, the roles of E3 ubiquitin ligases in the regulation of AMPARs are poorly understood. Here, we find that RNF220 directly interacts with AMPARs to meditate their polyubiquitination, and RNF220 knockout specifically increases AMPAR protein levels, thereby enhancing basal synaptic activity while impairing synaptic plasticity.

IRES-mediated Wnt2 translation in apoptotic neurons triggers astrocyte dedifferentiation.

Reactive astrogliosis usually bears some properties of neural progenitors. How injury triggers astrocyte dedifferentiation remains largely unclear. Here, we report that ischemia induces rapid up-regulation of Wnt2 protein in apoptotic neurons and activation of canonical Wnt signaling in reactive astrocytes in mice, primates and human.

Topoisomerase IIA in adult NSCs regulates SVZ neurogenesis by transcriptional activation of Usp37.

Topoisomerase IIA (TOP2a) has traditionally been known as an important nuclear enzyme that resolves entanglements and relieves torsional stress of DNA double strands. However, its function in genomic transcriptional regulation remains largely unknown, especially during adult neurogenesis. Here, we show that TOP2a is preferentially expressed in neurogenic niches in the brain of adult mice, such as the subventricular zone (SVZ).

Effects of maternal urban particulate matter SRM 1648a exposure on birth outcomes and offspring growth in mice.

The association between exposure to particulate matter (PM) during pregnancy and abnormal birth outcomes is still inconclusive. This study aims to provide more evidence for this public health concern by investigating birth outcomes and the growth of offspring in mice exposed to PM during pregnancy. C57BL/6 J pregnant mice were exposed to PM via nasal drip at three doses or solvent control.

Microglia Regulate Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity via MiR-126a-5p/MMP9 Axis during Inflammatory Demyelination.

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) impairment is an early prevalent feature of multiple sclerosis (MS), and remains vital for MS progression. Microglial activation precedes BBB disruption and cellular infiltrates in the brain of MS patients. However, little is known about the function of microglia in BBB impairment.

RBP-J deficiency promoted the proliferation and differentiation of CD133-positive cells in both in vitro and in vivo studies.

Although Notch signalling pathway could control the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs), it is largely unknown about the effect of Notch signalling pathway on the neurogenesis of CD133-positive cells. By using the primary cultured ependymal cells and the transgenic mouse, we found that CD133 immunoreactivity was exclusively localized in the ependymal layer of ventricles; moreover, most CD133-positive cells were co-labelled with Nestin. In addition, recombination signal binding protein J (RBP-J), a key nuclear effector of Notch signalling pathway, was highly active in CD133-positive cells.

Maternal urban particulate matter exposure and signaling pathways in fetal brains and neurobehavioral development in offspring.

It is well understood that exposure to particulate matter (PM) can have adverse effects on the nervous system. When pregnant women are exposed to PM, their fetuses are also affected through the placenta. However, the mechanisms by which fetal brain development is regulated between mother and fetus remain unclear.

The role of PTEN in primary sensory neurons in processing itch and thermal information in mice.

PTEN is known as a tumor suppressor and plays essential roles in brain development. Here, we report that PTEN in primary sensory neurons is involved in processing itch and thermal information in adult mice. Deletion of PTEN in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) is achieved in adult Drg11-Cre: PTEN (PTEN CKO) mice with oral administration of tamoxifen, and CKO mice develop pathological itch and elevated itch responses on exposure to various pruritogens.

Rnf220 is Implicated in the Dorsoventral Patterning of the Hindbrain Neural Tube in Mice.

Rnf220 is reported to regulate the patterning of the ventral spinal neural tube in mice. The brainstem has divergent connections with peripheral and central targets and contains unique internal neuronal groups, but the role of Rnf220 in the early development of the hindbrain has not been explored. In this study, -Cre-mediated conditional knockout ( CKO) mice were used to examine if is involved in the early morphogenesis of the hindbrain.