Effects of ultrasound-guided recruitment manoeuvres on postoperative pulmonary complications in laparoscopic bariatric surgery patients: study protocol for a randomised clinical trial.

Background: Lung ultrasound-guided alveolar recruitment manoeuvres (RMs) may reduce the lung ultrasound score. However, whether the use of this strategy can reduce the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in the adult obese population has not yet been tested.

Methods/design: This is a single-centre, two-arm, prospective, randomised controlled trial.

Adult-onset neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis misdiagnosed as autoimmune encephalitis and normal-pressure hydrocephalus: A 10-year case report and case-based review.

Rationale: Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are rare, fatal, inherited neurodegenerative disorders characterized by myoclonic epilepsy, cognitive decline, brain atrophy, and retinopathy. The pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of NCL are not well understood and frequently result in misdiagnosis and overtreatment. The aim of this case report and review is to improve our understanding of the clinical features and management of NCL.

Meta-transcriptomic analysis of companion animal infectomes reveals their diversity and potential roles in animal and human disease.

Unlabelled: Companion animals such as cats and dogs harbor diverse microbial communities that can potentially impact human health due to close and frequent contact. To better characterize their total infectomes and assess zoonotic risks, we characterized the overall infectomes of companion animals (cats and dogs) and evaluated their potential zoonotic risks. Meta-transcriptomic analyses were performed on 239 samples from cats and dogs collected across China, identifying 24 viral species, 270 bacterial genera, and two fungal genera.

Analysis of onset-to-door time and its influencing factors in Chinese patients with acute ischemic stroke during the 2020 COVID-19 epidemic: a preliminary, prospective, multicenter study.

Background: Pre-hospital delay in China is a serious issue with unclear relevant reasons, seriously impeding the adoption of appropriate measures. Herein, we analyzed the onset-to-door time (ODT) in Chinese patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and its influencing factors.

Methods: We prospectively recruited 3,459 patients with AIS from nine representative tertiary general hospitals in China between January and June 2022.

Total Infectome Characterization of Respiratory Infections during the 2022-23 COVID-19 Outbreak in China Revealed Extensive Coinfections with Links to SARS-CoV-2 Status, Age, and Disease Severity.

Between 7 December 2022 and 28 February 2023, China experienced a new wave of COVID-19 that swept across the entire country and resulted in an increasing amount of respiratory infections and hospitalizations. The purpose of this study is to reveal the intensity and composition of coinfecting microbial agents. In total, 196 inpatients were recruited from The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, and 169 respiratory and 73 blood samples were collected for metagenomic next-generation sequencing.

Metagenomic analysis of individual mosquito viromes reveals the geographical patterns and drivers of viral diversity.

Mosquito transmitted viruses are responsible for an increasing burden of human disease. Despite this, little is known about the diversity and ecology of viruses within individual mosquito hosts. Here, using a meta-transcriptomic approach, we determined the viromes of 2,438 individual mosquitoes (81 species), spanning ~4,000 km along latitudes and longitudes in China.

[Relationship Between Hearing Loss and Cognitive Function in Elderly Chinese People: A Study Based on Propensity Score Matching].

Objective: To explore the relationship between hearing loss and cognitive function in the elderly population through propensity score matching method.

Methods: We analyzed the data of 7605 participants aged 60 and above who were included in the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). The non-substitutable 1∶1 nearest neighbor matching method without caliper value was used for propensity score matching and G-computation was used to estimate the average treatment effect (ATE) of hearing loss on all dimensions of cognitive function.

Intravascular ultrasonography assisted carotid artery stenting for treatment of carotid stenosis: Two case reports.

Background: Digital subtraction angiography (DSA), the gold standard of cerebrovascular disease diagnosis, is limited in its diagnostic ability to evaluate arterial diameter. Intravascular ultrasonography (IVUS) has advantages in assessing stenosis and plaque nature and improves the evaluation and effectiveness of carotid artery stenting (CAS).

Case Summary: Case 1: A 65-year-old man presented with a five-year history of bilateral lower limb weakness due to stroke.

[Comparative Analysis of Influencing Factors of Health Service Utilization Among Urban and Rural Residents in Tibet].

Objective: To examine the differences and commonalities of factors influencing the utilization of health services among urban and rural residents in Tibet and to identify vulnerable populations in the utilization of health services, thereby providing references for the formulation of local health policies and the allocation of health resources.

Methods: Using the Tibetan area data from the Sixth National Health Service Survey, we conducted statistical analysis of the health service utilization status of 8 297 residents of agro-pastoral areas and 2 179 residents of urban areas with test and logistic regression model.

Results: The two-week outpatient visit rates of residents in agro-pastoral areas and that of the urban residents were 65.

Metagenomic analysis of individual mosquitos reveals the ecology of insect viruses.

Mosquito transmitted viruses are responsible for an increasing burden of human disease. Despite this, little is known about the diversity and ecology of viruses within individual mosquito hosts. Using a meta-transcriptomic approach, we analysed the virome of 2,438 individual mosquitos (79 species), spanning ~4000 km along latitudes and longitudes in China.

Near-Infrared Afterglow ONOO-Triggered Nanoparticles for Real-Time Monitoring and Treatment of Early Ischemic Stroke.

Early detection and drug intervention with the appropriate timing and dosage are the main clinical challenges for ischemic stroke (IS) treatment. The conventional therapeutic agents relay fluorescent signals, which require real-time external light excitation, thereby leading to inevitable autofluorescence and poor tissue penetration. Herein, we report endogenous peroxynitrite (ONOO)-activated NPs that release NIR afterglow signals (λ 697 nm) for real-time monitoring of the progression of ischemia reperfusion (I/R) brain injury while releasing curcumin for the safe treatment of IS.

[Effect of the Interaction Between Overweight/Obesity and Dyslipidemia on the Risk of Hypertension in Tibetan Population Living in Tibet].

Objective: To explore the possible interaction between overweight/obesity and dyslipidemia and to provide some evidence for the interaction of the risk of hypertension with overweight/obesity and dyslipidemia.

Methods: By using multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method, the subjects of the study were randomly selected from Naqu city, Shannan city, and Ali prefecture, Tibet. A total of 4047 Tibetans with complete data were included.

Glycogen Branching Enzyme with a Novel Chain Transfer Mode Derived from sp. Strain EGB and Its Potential Applications.

Dietary starch with an increased content of resistant starch (RS) has the potential to reduce the prevalence of diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. Here, an efficient glycogen branching enzyme, CcGBE, from sp. strain EGB was identified, and its relevant properties, including potential application in the preparation of modified starch, were evaluated.

Acute air embolism caused by autotransfusion during percutaneous atrial septal defect closure: A case report.

Atrial septal defect is a common congenital heart disease in adults and it is often asymptomatic. Percutaneous device closure is gaining popularity, but percutaneous repair of atrial septal defect leading to left atrial rupture and subsequent autotransfusion under high pressure leading to air embolism has not been reported yet.

Novel nanofibrous membrane-supporting stem cell sheets for plasmid delivery and cell activation to accelerate wound healing.

The integration of biomaterials with cells for high overall performances is vitally important in tissue engineering, as scaffold-free cell sheet lacks enough mechanical performance and cell viability while cell-free scaffold possesses limited biological functions. In this study, we propose a new strategy to strengthen cell sheets and enhance cell activity for accelerating wound healing based on a novel sandwich structure of cell sheet-plasmid@membrane-cell sheet (CpMC). Specifically, the CpMC contains two adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) sheets on outer surfaces and an electrospun gelatin/chitosan nanofibrous membrane (NFM) encapsulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plasmids in between.

Effect of ventilation strategy during cardiopulmonary bypass on postoperative pulmonary complications after cardiac surgery: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: To determine whether maintaining ventilation during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with a different fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO) had an impact on the occurrence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs).

Methods: A total of 413 adult patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery with CPB were randomly assigned into three groups: 138 in the NoV group (received no mechanical ventilation during CPB), 138 in the LOV group (received a tidal volume (V) of 3-4 ml/kg of ideal body weight with the respiratory rate of 10-12 bpm, and the positive end-expiratory pressure of 5-8 cmHO during CPB; the FiO was 30%), and 137 in the HOV group (received the same ventilation parameters settings as the LOV group while the FiO was 80%).

Results: The primary outcomes were the incidence and severity of PPCs during hospitalization.

Ventilation strategies with different inhaled Oxygen conceNTration during CardioPulmonary Bypass in cardiac surgery (VONTCPB): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: There is no consensus on the ventilation management during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), and the anesthesiologists or the surgeons usually ventilate the lungs with different ventilation strategies or keep them static. Better outcomes are more likely to occur when the ventilation is administered during CPB according to the existing literatures. However, the use of high fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO) is debatable in cardiac surgery.

Synthesis of A B C-ring subunit of C-nor-D-homo-steroidal alkaloids: towards the total synthesis of cyclopamine.

A practical approach to the synthesis of the A, B and C-ring subunit of cyclopamine has been developed. This synthetic tactic highlights the utility of mandelate acetal-mediated resolution of the fused ring ketone (±)-4 and IBX-mediated oxidation cascades from 12 to 9. The availability of advanced intermediates from enantiomerically pure (+)-4 and 2 could provide efficient access to biologically active and structurally diverse C-nor-D-homo-steroidal alkaloids such as cyclopamine.