hkb is required for DIP-α expression and target recognition in the Drosophila neuromuscular circuit.

Our nervous system contains billions of neurons that form precise connections with each other through interactions between cell surface proteins. In Drosophila, the Dpr and DIP immunoglobulin protein subfamilies form homophilic or heterophilic interactions to instruct synaptic connectivity, synaptic growth, and cell survival. However, the upstream regulatory mechanisms of Dprs and DIPs are not clear.

An n-Type Conjugated Polymer with Low Crystallinity for High-Performance Organic Thermoelectrics.

Conjugated polymers (CPs) with low crystallinity are promising candidates for application in organic thermoelectrics (OTEs), particularly in flexible devices, because the disordered structures of these CPs can effectively accommodate dopants and ensure robust resistance to bending. However, n-doped CPs usually exhibit poor thermoelectric performance, which hinders the development of high-performance thermoelectric generators. Herein, we report an n-type CP (ThDPP-CNBTz) comprising two acceptor units: a thiophene-flanked diketopyrrolopyrrole and a cyano-functionalized benzothiadiazole.

is required for expression and target recognition in the neuromuscular circuit.

Our nervous system contains billions of neurons that form precise connections with each other through interactions between cell surface proteins (CSPs). In , the Dpr and DIP immunoglobulin protein subfamilies form homophilic or heterophilic interactions to instruct synaptic connectivity, synaptic growth and cell survival. However, the upstream regulation and downstream signaling mechanisms of Dprs and DIPs are not clear.

Study on Influencing Factors of Hydraulic Engineered Cementitious Composites Layer Bonding Performance.

The layer bonding performance of hydraulic engineered cementitious composites (HECCs) plays an important role in their application in hydraulic buildings. This performance encompasses the bonding between layers of HECCs, as well as between HECCs and normal mortar (NM) layers. The influence of various factors on the layer bonding performance of HECCs was investigated.

Unveiling adcyap1 as a protective factor linking pain and nerve regeneration through single-cell RNA sequencing of rat dorsal root ganglion neurons.

Background: Severe peripheral nerve injury (PNI) often leads to significant movement disorders and intractable pain. Therefore, promoting nerve regeneration while avoiding neuropathic pain is crucial for the clinical treatment of PNI patients. However, established animal models for peripheral neuropathy fail to accurately recapitulate the clinical features of PNI.

Glial Draper signaling triggers cross-neuron plasticity in bystander neurons after neuronal cell death in Drosophila.

Neuronal cell death and subsequent brain dysfunction are hallmarks of aging and neurodegeneration, but how the nearby healthy neurons (bystanders) respond to the death of their neighbors is not fully understood. In the Drosophila larval neuromuscular system, bystander motor neurons can structurally and functionally compensate for the loss of their neighbors by increasing their terminal bouton number and activity. We term this compensation as cross-neuron plasticity, and in this study, we demonstrate that the Drosophila engulfment receptor, Draper, and the associated kinase, Shark, are required for cross-neuron plasticity.

Artificially controlled nanoscale chemical reduction in VO through electron beam illumination.

Chemical reduction in oxides plays a crucial role in engineering the material properties through structural transformation and electron filling. Controlling the reduction at nanoscale forms a promising pathway to harvest functionalities, which however is of great challenge for conventional methods (e.g.

Glial Draper signaling triggers cross-neuron plasticity in bystander neurons after neuronal cell death.

Neuronal cell death and subsequent brain dysfunction are hallmarks of aging and neurodegeneration, but how the nearby healthy neurons (bystanders) respond to the cell death of their neighbors is not fully understood. In the larval neuromuscular system, bystander motor neurons can structurally and functionally compensate for the loss of their neighbors by increasing their axon terminal size and activity. We termed this compensation as cross-neuron plasticity, and in this study, we demonstrated that the engulfment receptor, Draper, and the associated kinase, Shark, are required in glial cells.

Recyclable Monolithic Vitrimer Foam for High-Efficiency Solar-Driven Interfacial Evaporation.

With the exponentially rapid development of solar-driven interfacial evaporation, evaporators with both high evaporation efficiency and recyclability are highly desirable to alleviate resource waste and environmental problems but remain challenging. Here, a monolithic evaporator was developed based on a dynamic disulfide vitrimer (a covalently cross-linked polymer network with associative exchangeable covalent bonds). Two types of solar absorbers, carbon nanotubes and oligoanilines, were simultaneously introduced to enhance the optical absorption.

[Research progress on the modulation mechanism of electroacupuncture for learning and memory impairment after ischemic stroke].

Electroacupuncture may play a role in treatment of learning and memory impairment after ischemic stroke by regulating phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase A (PKA)/cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway, nerve growth factor (NGF)/tyrosine kinase-A (TrkA) signaling pathway, Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway, Notch signaling pathway, erythropoietin-producing hepatocyte (Eph)/ephrin signaling pathway. The interactions among these pathways should be further explored in treatment of learning and memory impairment after ischemic stroke.

Influence of Confining Pressure on Nonlinear Failure Characteristics of Coal Subjected to Triaxial Compression.

The stress of a coal seam increases with an increase in the mining depth, which makes the failure mechanism of a coal mass more complex. To reveal the deformation and failure law of deep coal, a series of triaxial experiments was carried out via laboratory experiments and numerical simulation experiments to analyze the influence of the confining stress on the nonlinear failure characteristics of coal. Based on the crack-propagation model, the values for the inelastic flexibility and the damage variable were calculated.

Dpr10 and Nocte are required for Drosophila motor axon pathfinding.

The paths axons travel to reach their targets and the subsequent synaptic connections they form are highly stereotyped. How cell surface proteins (CSPs) mediate these processes is not completely understood. The Drosophila neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is an ideal system to study how pathfinding and target specificity are accomplished, as the axon trajectories and innervation patterns are known and easily visualized.

Metastatic parotid gland malignancy: A preliminary study in an eastern Chinese population.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the incidence and clinicopathological patterns of metastatic carcinoma of the parotid gland.

Method: Ninety patients with parotid gland metastases admitted to our hospital between January 2003 and December 2018 were included in this study. Clinical and pathological data were obtained from the medical records and follow-ups.

Clinical study on the pattern of lower-level lymphatic metastasis in primary tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Objectives: To study and analyze the clinical patterns of lower-level lymph node (Ⅳ and Ⅴ) metastasis in primary tongue squamous cell carcinoma, and establish a reference for the decision-making of the lower-level neck dissection in tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Methods: A total of 203 patients with primary tongue squamous cell carcinoma were recruited. These patients underwent simultaneous/secondary comprehensive neck (level Ⅰ-Ⅴ) dissection in Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2010 to December 2015.

Mechanically and Ultraviolet Light Stable Ultrathin Organic Solar Cell via Semi-Embedding Silver Nanowires in a Hydrogen Bonds-Based Polyimide.

Ultrathin organic solar cells (OSCs) with both high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and operational stability are of great significance for the industrial applications but still challenging. Here, a polyimide (PI) substrate for high-performance and stable ultrathin OSCs, which is physically crosslinked via strong hydrogen bonds (denoted as HB-PI) to enhance the mechanical, thermal, solvent-resistant, and UV filtering properties (with a cut-off wavelength of 376 nm), is synthesized. An ultrathin flexible transparent composite electrode (FTCE, ≈7 µm) is fabricated via semi-embedding AgNWs in the HB-PI substrate.

HIF-1α induced NID1 expression promotes pulmonary metastases via the PI3K-AKT pathway in salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the potential role of nidogen 1 (NID1), a basement membrane component, in the growth and metastasis of salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) and the underlying molecular mechanism.

Methods: High-throughput next-generation sequencing was used to compare the gene expression profiles of SACC with and without lung metastasis. Luciferase gene reporter assays were used to measure the NID1 promoter activity.

Systematic expression profiling of Dpr and DIP genes reveals cell surface codes in Drosophila larval motor and sensory neurons.

In complex nervous systems, neurons must identify their correct partners to form synaptic connections. The prevailing model to ensure correct recognition posits that cell-surface proteins (CSPs) in individual neurons act as identification tags. Thus, knowing what cells express which CSPs would provide insights into neural development, synaptic connectivity, and nervous system evolution.

The Optimization of Mix Proportion Design for SCC: Experimental Study and Grey Relational Analysis.

The optimization of mix proportions based on the targeted fresh and hardened performances of self-compacting concrete (SCC) is a foundation for its transition from laboratory research to industrial production. In this paper, the mix proportions of various SCC mixtures were designed by the absolute volume method with changes in the content of river sand and manufactured sand, the content of fly ash and granulated ground blast furnace slag (GGBS) and the maximum particle sizes of coarse aggregates. This experimental study was carried out to verify the workability, density and cubic compressive strength of SCC.

Cdyl Deficiency Brakes Neuronal Excitability and Nociception through Promoting Kcnb1 Transcription in Peripheral Sensory Neurons.

Epigenetic modifications are involved in the onset, development, and maintenance of pain; however, the precise epigenetic mechanism underlying pain regulation remains elusive. Here it is reported that the epigenetic factor chromodomain Y-like (CDYL) is crucial for pain processing. Selective knockout of CDYL in sensory neurons results in decreased neuronal excitability and nociception.

Increased tumor-infiltrating plasmacytoid dendritic cells promote cancer cell proliferation and invasion via TNF-α/NF-κB/CXCR-4 pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Tumor-infiltrating immune cells are closely associated with tumor occurrence and progression. The present study explored the potential mechanism of tumor-infiltrating plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) mediating the proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). pDC distribution was detected by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry.

Decreased CSTA expression promotes lymphatic metastasis and predicts poor survival in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: Herein, we aimed to identify biomarkers that affect lymphatic metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) through bioinformatic analysis, and clinicopathological and in vitro verifications.

Design: The OSCC-related gene expression dataset was retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which were subjected to pathway analysis. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis were performed to identify hub genes.

Structural and Functional Synaptic Plasticity Induced by Convergent Synapse Loss in the Neuromuscular Circuit.

Throughout the nervous system, the convergence of two or more presynaptic inputs on a target cell is commonly observed. The question we ask here is to what extent converging inputs influence each other's structural and functional synaptic plasticity. In complex circuits, isolating individual inputs is difficult because postsynaptic cells can receive thousands of inputs.

HPRT promotes proliferation and metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma through direct interaction with STAT3.

Increasing effort has been put into finding novel molecular pathways to improve the efficiency of EGFR inhibitors against head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC). In this study, we performed data mining and bioinformatically analysed RNA-Seq data downloaded from TCGA and confirmed that higher expression of HPRT in HNSCC tissue was related to poor prognosis of patients. Then, we conducted in vitro and in vivo loss- and gain-of-function experiments to demonstrate the role of HPRT in HNSCC cell lines.

Temporal transcription factors determine circuit membership by permanently altering motor neuron-to-muscle synaptic partnerships.

How circuit wiring is specified is a key question in developmental neurobiology. Previously, using the motor system as a model, we found the classic temporal transcription factor Hunchback acts in NB7-1 neuronal stem cells to control the number of NB7-1 neuronal progeny form functional synapses on dorsal muscles (Meng et al., 2019).