Role of HSP27 in the multidrug sensitivity and resistance of colon cancer cells.

Multidrug resistance in cancer cells is a primary factor affecting therapeutic efficacy. Heat shock 27 kD protein 1 (HSP27) is associated with cell apoptosis and resistance to chemotherapy. However, the mechanisms underlying HSP27-associated pathways in colon cancer cells remain unclear.

Identification of FBXW7α-regulated genes in M1-polarized macrophages in colorectal cancer by RNA sequencing.

Objectives: To determine the FBXW7α-regulated genes in tumor-polarized macrophages in colorectal cancer.

Methods: This experimental study was performed between June 2017 and March 2019. FBXW7α siRNA transfected RAW264.

Chloroquine attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses through upregulation of USP25.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a key pathogenic factor in sepsis, and its recognition by toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) can activate two district signaling pathways, leading to activation of transcription factors including NF-κB and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). Chloroquine (CQ) has been shown to affect LPS-TLR4 colocalization and inhibit both MyD88-dependent and TRAM/TRIF-dependent pathways, though the mechanism involved is still poorly understood. Here, we found that the ubiquitin-proteasome system might be involved in this process.

Chloroquine attenuates LPS-mediated macrophage activation through miR-669n-regulated SENP6 protein translation.

Chloroquine (CQ) has been shown to inhibit Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated monocyte and macrophage activation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). However, the underlying mechanisms have not been completely elucidated. Recently, SUMO-specific protease 6 (SENP6) has been reported to suppress LPS-induced activation of macrophages through deSUMOlation of NF-κB essential modifier (NEMO).

Genome-wide analysis of long noncoding RNA profile in human gastric epithelial cell response to Helicobacter pylori.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are an important class of pervasive genes, and their misregulation has been shown in various types of diseases. However, the relationship between lncRNAs and the immune response to pathogen infection has been rarely reported. Helicobacter pylori is a major human pathogenic bacterium that causes gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, and gastric cancer.

Kukoamine B, a novel dual inhibitor of LPS and CpG DNA, is a potential candidate for sepsis treatment.

Background And Purpose: Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motifs (CpG DNA) are important pathogenic molecules for the induction of sepsis, and thus are drug targets for sepsis treatment. The present drugs for treating sepsis act only against either LPS or CpG DNA. Hence, they are not particularly efficient at combating sepsis as the latter two molecules usually cooperate during sepsis.

Dual targets guided screening and isolation of Kukoamine B as a novel natural anti-sepsis agent from traditional Chinese herb Cortex lycii.

Treating sepsis remains challenging at present. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bacterial DNA/CpG DNA are important pathogenic molecules and drug targets for sepsis. It is thus a promising strategy to treat sepsis by discovering agents that neutralize LPS and CpG DNA simultaneously.