Isoacids supplementation improves growth performance and feed fiber digestibility associated with ruminal bacterial community in yaks.

Introduction: This study was conducted to assess the effect of mixed isoacid (MI) supplementation on fermentation characteristics, nutrient apparent digestibility, growth performance, and rumen bacterial community in yaks.

Methods: A 72-h fermentation experiment was performed on an ANKOM RF gas production system. MI was added to five treatments at doses of 0, 0.

Effects of Fat Pre-Emulsification on the Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Index, Digestive Enzyme Activities, Nutrient Utilization, and Standardized Ileal Digestibility of Amino Acids in Pekin Ducks Fed Diets with Different Fat Sources.

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of fat pre-emulsification on growth performance, the serum biochemical index, intestinal digestive enzyme activities, nutrient utilization, and the standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids (SIDAA) in Pekin ducks fed diets containing different fat sources. Three hundred and twenty healthy ten-day-old Pekin male ducks (409 ± 27 g) were assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial design and given one of two types of poultry fat (duck fat or a mixed type of fat composed of chicken fat and duck fat in a 1:1 ratio) that had been pre-emulsified or not. This resulted in four treatments of eight replicates, with each replicate having ten ducks.

Assessment of the effects of mimicking tissue microstructural properties on apparent diffusion coefficient and apparent exchange rate in diffusion MRI via a series of specially designed phantoms.

Purpose: Diffusion MRI provides a valuable tool for imaging tissue microstructure. However, due to the lack of related experimental methods and specially designed phantoms, no experimental study has been conducted yet to quantitatively assess the effects of membrane permeability, intracellular volume fraction (IVF), and intracellular diffusivity on the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) obtained from diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), and the effects of membrane permeability on the apparent exchange rate (AXR) obtained from filter exchange imaging (FEXI).

Methods: A series of phantoms with three adjustable parameters was designed to mimic tissue microstructural properties including membrane permeability, IVF, and intracellular diffusivity.

Effects of Land Transport Stress on Variations in Ruminal Microbe Diversity and Immune Functions in Different Breeds of Cattle.

The intensity and specialization of beef cattle production make off-site fattening, and introduce new breeds need transportation to achieve the goals. The present study was aimed to investigate effects of land transport stress on hormones levels, microbial fermentation, microbial composition, immunity and correlation among them among Simmental Crossbred Cattle (SC), Native Yellow Cattle (NY), and Cattle Yak (CY). High-throughput sequencing was used to investigate the rumen microbial diversity.

Correlation of quantitative conductivity mapping and total tissue sodium concentration at 3T/4T.

Purpose: To investigate the correlation between electrical conductivity and sodium concentration, both measured in vivo, in the human brain.

Methods: Conductivity measurements were performed on samples with different sodium (Na ) and agarose concentrations using a dielectric probe, and the correlation between conductivity and Na content was evaluated. Subsequently, brain conductivity and total Na content maps were measured in 8 healthy subjects using phase-based MREPT and sodium MRI, respectively.

An MR technique for simultaneous quantitative imaging of water content, conductivity and susceptibility, with application to brain tumours using a 3T hybrid MR-PET scanner.

Approaches for the quantitative mapping of water content, electrical conductivity and susceptibility have been developed independently. The purpose of this study is to develop a method for simultaneously acquiring quantitative water content, electrical conductivity and susceptibility maps based on a 2D multi-echo gradient echo sequence. Another purpose is to investigate the changes in these properties caused by brain tumours.

Metabolomics Profiling of Serum and Urine in Three Beef Cattle Breeds Revealed Different Levels of Tolerance to Heat Stress.

This study was to determine differences in the global metabolic profiles of serum and urine of Xuanhan yellow cattle, Simmental crossbred cattle (Simmental × Xuanhan yellow cattle), and cattle-yaks (Jersey × Maiwa yak) under heat stress (temperature-humidity index remained above 80 for 1 week). A total of 55 different metabolites associated with the three breeds were identified in the serum and urine samples by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The metabolic adaptations to heat stress are heterogeneous.

Referenceless one-dimensional Nyquist ghost correction in multicoil single-shot spatiotemporally encoded MRI.

Single-shot spatiotemporally encoded (SPEN) MRI is a novel fast imaging method capable of retaining the time efficiency of single-shot echo planar imaging (EPI) but with distortion artifacts significantly reduced. Akin to EPI, the phase inconsistencies between mismatched even and odd echoes also result in the so-called Nyquist ghosts. However, the characteristic of the SPEN signals provides the possibility of obtaining ghost-free images directly from even and odd echoes respectively, without acquiring additional reference scans.