N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 suppresses osteoblast differentiation through inactivating Wnt/β-catenin signaling.

Background: N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) plays a role in a variety of biological processes including differentiation of osteoclasts. However, it is not known if and how NDRG1 regulates osteogenic differentiation of marrow stromal progenitor cells.

Methods: Gene expression profiling analysis was performed to study the expression level of Ndrg1 during osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation.

Cysteine-rich protein 61 regulates adipocyte differentiation from mesenchymal stem cells through mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 and canonical Wnt signaling.

Emerging evidence suggests that cysteine-rich protein 61 (CYR61) plays a role in the differentiation and development of chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts; however, little is known about its role in adipogenesis. The current study indicates that the expression level of Cyr61 was altered in primary cultured marrow stromal cells and the established mesenchymal cell line, C3H10T1/2, after adipogenic treatment. Overexpressing Cyr61 repressed C3H10T1/2 and primary marrow stromal cells to differentiate into mature adipocytes.

Effects of DNase I coating of titanium on bacteria adhesion and biofilm formation.

The removal of mature biofilm from the surface of implant has been a formidable challenge in treating implant-associated infection. Prevention of biofilm formation rather than removal of existing biofilm is a more effective approach. Immobilization of biofilm-dispersing enzymes on material surfaces is regarded as one of the most promising strategies.