Silencing suppressors of rice black-streaked dwarf virus and rice stripe virus hijack the 26S proteasome of Laodelphax striatellus to facilitate virus accumulation and transmission.

Background: Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) is transmitted by small brown planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus [L. striatellus]) and causes devastating disease in rice. P9-1 has silencing suppression activity and is the key protein for viroplasm formation in RBSDV-infected plants and insects; however, its exact function is poorly understood.

WIPK-NtLTP4 pathway confers resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum in tobacco.

WIPK-NtLTP4 module improves the resistance to R. solanacearum via upregulating the expression of defense-related genes, increasing the antioxidant enzyme activity, and promoting stomatal closure in tobacco. Lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) are a class of small lipid binding proteins that play important roles in biotic and abiotic stresses.

A nonspecific lipid transfer protein, StLTP10, mediates resistance to Phytophthora infestans in potato.

Nonspecific lipidtransfer proteins (nsLTPs), which are small, cysteine-rich proteins, belong to the pathogenesis-related protein family, and several of them act as positive regulators during plant disease resistance. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of these proteins in plant immune responses are unclear. In this study, a typical nsLTP gene, StLTP10, was identified and functionally analysed in potato.

Global transcriptome analyses reveal the molecular signatures in the early response of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) to Phytophthora infestans, Ralstonia solanacearum, and Potato virus Y infection.

Specific and common genes including transcription factors, resistance genes and pathways were significantly induced in potato by Phytophthora infestans, Ralstonia solanacearum, and Potato virus Y infection. The three major pathogens, namely, Phytophthora infestans, Ralstonia solanacearum, and Potato virus Y, can cause late blight, bacterial wilt, and necrotic ringspot, respectively, and thus severely reduce the yield and quality of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.).

Ultrahigh-activity immune inducer from Endophytic Fungi induces tobacco resistance to virus by SA pathway and RNA silencing.

Background: Plant viruses cause severe economic losses in agricultural production. An ultrahigh activity plant immune inducer (i.e.

Comprehensive transcriptomics and proteomics analyses of -resistant transgenic rice.

Stable transgenic rice line (named KRSV-1) with strong resistance against rice stripe virus was generated using the gene sequence of disease-specific protein by RNA interference. Comprehensive safety assessment of transgenic plants has turned into a significant field of genetic modification food safety. In this study, a safety assessment of KRSV-1 was carried out in a stepwise approach.

High-degree and broad-spectrum resistance mediated by a combination of NIb siRNA and miRNA suppresses replication of necrotic and common strains of potato virus Y.

In plants, viral replication can be inhibited through gene silencing, which is mediated by short interfering RNA (siRNA) or microRNA (miRNA). However, under natural conditions, viruses are extremely susceptible to mutations that may decrease the efficiency of cleavage of these small RNAs (sRNAs). Therefore, a single sRNA may not provide a sufficient degree of viral resistance to transgenic plants.

NtLTP4, a lipid transfer protein that enhances salt and drought stresses tolerance in Nicotiana tabacum.

Lipid transfer proteins (LTPs), a class of small, ubiquitous proteins, play critical roles in various environmental stresses. However, their precise biological functions remain unknown. Here we isolated an extracellular matrix-localised LTP, NtLTP4, from Nicotiana tabacum.

Molecular cloning and functional characterisation of the tomato E3 ubiquitin ligase SlBAH1 gene.

Emerging evidence suggests that E3 ligases play critical roles in diverse biological processes, including pathogen resistance in plants. In the present study, an ubiquitin ligase gene (SlBAH1) was cloned from a tomato plant, and the functions of the gene were studied. The SlBAH1 gene contained 1002 nucleotides and encodes a protein with 333 amino acids.

GhWRKY25, a group I WRKY gene from cotton, confers differential tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana.

WRKY transcription factors are involved in various processes, ranging from plant growth to abiotic and biotic stress responses. Group I WRKY members have been rarely reported compared with group II or III members, particularly in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). In this study, a group I WRKY gene, namely, GhWRKY25, was cloned from cotton and characterized.

Effects of the sequence characteristics of miRNAs on multi-viral resistance mediated by single amiRNAs in transgenic tobacco.

Artificial microRNA (amiRNA) has become the preferred viral defence that can be induced in plants. In this study, nine amiRNA target sites were selected that were based on the sequence characteristics of natural miRNAs in the cylindrical inclusion protein (CI), nuclear inclusion a protein (NIa), nuclear inclusion b protein (NIb), and coat protein (CP) genes of Potato virus Y (PVY(N)). These amiRNAs that exhibited high similarities to the sequences of PVY(N) and TEV-SD1 were considered.

Production of marker-free and RSV-resistant transgenic rice using a twin T-DNA system and RNAi.

A twin T-DNA system is a convenient strategy for creating selectable marker-free transgenic plants. The standard transformation plasmid, pCAMBIA 1300, was modified into a binary vector consisting of two separate T-DNAs, one of which contained the hygromycin phosphotransferase (hpt) marker gene. Using this binary vector, we constructed two vectors that expressed inverted-repeat (IR) structures targeting the rice stripe virus (RSV) coat protein (CP) gene and the special-disease protein (SP) gene.

Production of transgenic rice new germplasm with strong resistance against two isolations of Rice stripe virus by RNA interference.

Rice stripe disease, with the pathogen Rice stripe virus (RSV), is one of the most widespread and severe virus diseases. Cultivating a resistant breed is an essential and efficient method in preventing rice stripe disease. Following RNA interference (RNAi) theory, we constructed three RNAi binary vectors based on coat protein (CP), special-disease protein (SP) and chimeric CP/SP gene sequence.

Bacterially expressed double-stranded RNAs against hot-spot sequences of tobacco mosaic virus or potato virus Y genome have different ability to protect tobacco from viral infection.

Posttranscriptional gene silencing, also known as RNA interference, involves degradation of homologous mRNA sequences in organisms. In plants, posttranscriptional gene silencing is part of a defense mechanism against virus infection, and double-stranded RNA is the pivotal factor that induces gene silencing. In this paper, we got seven hairpin RNAs (hpRNAs) constructs against different hot-spot sequences of Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) or Potato virus Y (PVY) genome.

Production of double-stranded RNA for interference with TMV infection utilizing a bacterial prokaryotic expression system.

In many species, the introduction of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) induces potent and specific gene silencing, a phenomenon called RNA interference (RNAi). RNAi is the process of sequence-specific, posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS) in animals and plants, mediated by dsRNA homologous to the silenced genes. In plants, PTGS is part of a defense mechanism against virus infection, and dsRNA is the pivotal factor that induces gene silencing.

[Genetic analysis of RNA-mediated virus resistance in transgenic tobacco].

RNA-mediated virus resistance is an effective way to obtain virus resistant plants and is regarded as a potential strategy with application value in plant resistant virus breeding because of its advantage of high biosafety and long duration. Whether the resistance can inherit stably is a critical factor affecting its application in agriculture. In this paper, several T0 progeny transgenic plants with different resistant levels and with different transgene copy numbers were selected for further study.

Effect of cDNA fragments in different length derived from potato virus Y coat protein gene on the induction of RNA-mediated virus resistance.

We have reported that cDNA derived from entire coat protein (CP) gene of potato virus Y (PVY) could induce resistance to PVY infection in transgenic tobacco plants, and the resistance was further demonstrated to be RNA-mediated rather than coat protein-mediated. In this study, we cloned cDNA fragments of 202 bp, 417 bp, and 603 bp in length derived from the 3' end of the PVY CP gene, and the cDNA fragments were introduced into tobacco (var. NC89) plants via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system.