An experimental study to measure oil recovery factor by chemical agents and carbon dioxide after waterflooding.

Development of tight formations would be one of the main priority for petroleum industries due to the enormous demand to the fossil fuels in various industries. In this paper, we provided a set of experiments on the generated foams by carbon dioxide (CO) and nitrogen (N), cyclic CO injection, water alternating gas injection (WAG), active carbonated water injection (coupling surfactant effects and carbonated water (CW)), and introducing the impact of active carbonated water alternating gas injection (combination of WAG and CW injection) after waterflooding. Carbon dioxide is more feasible than nitrogen, it can be mobilize more in the pore throats and provided higher oil recovery factor.

Porcine IL-12 plasmid as an adjuvant improves the cellular and humoral immune responses of DNA vaccine targeting transmissible gastroenteritis virus spike gene in a mouse model.

Transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE), caused by transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), is a highly infectious disease in pigs. Vaccination is an effective approach to prevent TGEV infection. Here, we evaluated the potential of TGEV S1 as a DNA vaccine and porcine interleukin (pIL)-12 as an adjuvant in a mouse model.

Porcine aminopeptidase N mediated polarized infection by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in target cells.

Infection of polarized intestinal epithelial cells by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) was characterized. Indirect immunofluorescence assay, real-time PCR, and transmission electron microscopy confirmed PEDV can be successfully propagated in immortalized swine small intestine epithelial cells (IECs). Infection involved porcine aminpeptidase N (pAPN), a reported cellular receptor for PEDV, transient expression of pAPN and siRNA targeted pAPN increased and decreased the infectivity of PEDV in IECs, respectively.