Role of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in PDGF-BB-mediated astrogliosis in traumatic brain injury rats associated with ERK1/2 signaling pathway inhibition.

Background: Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) plays positive roles in the therapy of traumatic brain injury (TBI); however, the mechanism underlying its effects on TBI is largely unknown. The study aims to elucidate the molecular mechanism implicated with the interaction between platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling pathway, which may play critical roles during HBO treatment both in the astrocyte scratching model in vitro and rat TBI model in vivo.

Methods: Changes in neurological function and wound healing were evaluated using the neurological severity scores (NSS) scale, immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and qRT-PCR, respectively.

Insulator-to-Superconductor Transition in Quasi-One-Dimensional HfS under Pressure.

Various transition-metal trichalcogenides (TMTC) show unique electronic properties, such as metal-insulator transition, topological insulator, and even superconducting transition. Currently, almost all metallic TMTC compounds can show superconductivity either at ambient pressure or at high pressure. However, most TMTC compounds are semiconductors and even insulators.

[Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells attenuate pyroptosis lipopolysaccharide-induced renal injury rats].

Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) on pyroptosis of rats with kidney injury.

Methods: Bone marrow of 4-5 week-old female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats was isolated in vitro and BMSC was obtained. The third generations of BMSC were used to further experiments.

Attenuation of Lipopolysaccharide-induced Liver Injury by Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells via Inhibiting the NLRP3 Inflammasome and Hepatocyte Pyroptosis.

Background: The transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal cells (BMSCs) has been shown to be an effective mean for treating sepsis-related organ damage. Pytoptotic cell death, in turn, has recently been identified as a key driver of sepsis-related damage. At present, there are few studies on the effect of BMSC transplantation on pyroptotic cell death.

Magnetic, Electronic, and Mechanical Properties of Bulk ε-FeN Synthesized at High Pressures.

We sintered bulk trigonal ε-FeN (space group: 312) with the high-pressure and high-temperature method. Structural refinements by the Rietveld method result in a trigonal unit cell with parameters of = 4.7767(1) Å and = 4.

SDF-1/CXCR4 Augments the Therapeutic Effect of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Liver Injury by Promoting Their Migration Through PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are thought to have great potential in the therapy of acute liver injury. It is possible that these cells may be regulated by the stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)/CXC chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4) signaling axis, which has been shown to promote stem cells migration in the inflammation-associated diseases. However, the effects of SDF-1/CXCR4 axis on the MSCs-transplantation-based treatment for acute liver injury and the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown.

[Role of HMGB1-RAGE/TLRs-NF-κB signaling pathway on bone mesenchymal stem cells transplantation therapy for lipopolysaccaride-induced coagulation disorder rats].

Objective: To determine the effect of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in transplantation therapy for lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced coagulation disorder and the underlying mechanism of high mobility group protein B1-receptors for advanced glycation end products/Toll-like receptors-nuclear factor-κB (HMGB1-RAGE/TLRs-NF-κB) signaling pathway.

Methods: BMSCs of female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats ageing 4-5 weeks old were extracted and cultivated in vitro, and the fourth-passaged BMSCs phenotype was identified by flow cytometry for transplantation in the following experimental study. The rats were randomly divided into normal saline (NS) control group, LPS group, and BMSC group according to the random number table with 15 rats in each group.

Realization of Large Electric Polarization and Strong Magnetoelectric Coupling in BiMn Cr O.

Magnetoelectric multiferroics have received much attention in the past decade due to their interesting physics and promising multifunctional performance. For practical applications, simultaneous large ferroelectric polarization and strong magnetoelectric coupling are preferred. However, these two properties have not been found to be compatible in the single-phase multiferroic materials discovered as yet.

A-Site and B-Site Charge Orderings in an s-d Level Controlled Perovskite Oxide PbCoO.

Perovskite PbCoO synthesized at 12 GPa was found to have an unusual charge distribution of PbPbCoCoO with charge orderings in both the A and B sites of perovskite ABO. Comprehensive studies using density functional theory (DFT) calculation, electron diffraction (ED), synchrotron X-ray diffraction (SXRD), neutron powder diffraction (NPD), hard X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (HAXPES), soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and measurements of specific heat as well as magnetic and electrical properties provide evidence of lead ion and cobalt ion charge ordering leading to PbPbCoCoO quadruple perovskite structure. It is shown that the average valence distribution of PbCoO between PbCrO and PbNiO can be stabilized by tuning the energy levels of Pb 6s and transition metal 3d orbitals.

High-Pressure Synthesis and Ferrimagnetic Ordering of the B-Site-Ordered Cubic Perovskite PbFeOsO.

PbFeOsO was prepared for the first time by using high-pressure and high-temperature synthesis techniques. This compound crystallizes into a B-site-ordered double-perovskite structure with cubic symmetry Fm3̅m, where the Fe and Os atoms are orderly distributed with a rock-salt-type manner. Structure refinement shows an Fe-Os antisite occupancy of about 16.

Observation of Magnetoelectric Multiferroicity in a Cubic Perovskite System: LaMn(3)Cr(4)O(12).

Magnetoelectric multiferroicity is not expected to occur in a cubic perovskite system because of the high structural symmetry. By versatile measurements in magnetization, dielectric constant, electric polarization, neutron and x-ray diffraction, Raman scattering, as well as theoretical calculations, we reveal that the A-site ordered perovskite LaMn(3)Cr(4)O(12) with cubic symmetry is a novel spin-driven multiferroic system with strong magnetoelectric coupling effects. When a magnetic field is applied in parallel (perpendicular) to an electric field, the ferroelectric polarization can be enhanced (suppressed) significantly.