Oxidative stress and neuroimmune proteins in a mouse model of autism.

Oxidative stress including decreased antioxidant enzyme activities, elevated lipid peroxidation, and accumulation of advanced glycation end products in the blood from children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has been reported. The mechanisms affecting the development of ASD remain unclear; however, toxic environmental exposures leading to oxidative stress have been proposed to play a significant role. The BTBRTItpr3/J (BTBR) strain provides a model to investigate the markers of oxidation in a mouse strain exhibiting ASD-like behavioral phenotypes.

Risk Prediction of Ureaplasma urealyticum Affecting Sperm Quality Based on Mathematical Model and Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: To explore the risk of Ureaplasma urealyticum () affecting sperm quality.

Methods: Prospective cross-sectional study was conducted. In total, 340 semen samples were collected.

Improvements of autism-like behaviors but limited effects on immune cell metabolism after mitochondrial replacement in BTBR TItpr3/J mice.

Mitochondria-mediated metabolic impairment and dysfunction are highly related with autism. Herein, the mitochondria-mediated metabolism of BTBR TItpr3/J (BTBR) mice with autistic-like behaviors was investigated. A new BTBR-mt strain generated by deriving BTBR mice with C57BL/6J (B6) mitochondria was used to determine the role of the mitochondrial genome.

Constitutive activation of Notch signalling and T cell activation characterize a mouse model of autism.

Gene and protein expression of BTBR T Itpr3 /J (BTBR) mice with autistic-like behaviours were compared with the C57BL/6J strain, which is considered to have normal immunity and behaviour. Notch signalling pathway was constitutively activated in the immune system and liver of BTBR T Itpr3 /J (BTBR) mice. Notch ligand 4 (Dll4), Notch receptors (Notch1 Notch2 and Notch3) and recombination signal binding protein for immunoglobulin κ j region (RBPJ) were increased both at gene and protein levels in BTBR spleens and thymi.

Development, phenotypes of immune cells in BTBR TItpr3/J mice.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition that is characterized by a lack of social interaction, decreased verbal and non-verbal communication skills, and stereotyped repetitive behavior. There is strong evidence that a dysregulated immune response may influence neurodevelopment and thus may have a role in the development of ASD. This study focuses on the characterization of immune cell phenotypes in the BTBR TItpr3/J (BTBR) mouse strain, a widely used animal model for autism research.

Susceptibility to COVID-19 in populations with health disparities: Posited involvement of mitochondrial disorder, socioeconomic stress, and pollutants.

SARS-CoV-2 is a novel betacoronavirus that has caused the global health crisis known as COVID-19. The implications of mitochondrial dysfunction with COVID-19 are discussed as well as deregulated mitochondria and inter-organelle functions as a posited comorbidity enhancing detrimental outcomes. Many environmental chemicals (ECs) and endocrine-disrupting chemicals can do damage to mitochondria and cause mitochondrial dysfunction.

Immunity and autoantibodies of a mouse strain with autistic-like behavior.

Female and male mice of the BTBR /J (BTBR) strain have behaviors that resemble autism spectrum disorder. In comparison to C57BL/6 (B6) mice, BTBR mice have elevated humoral immunity, in that they have naturally high serum IgG levels and generate high levels of IgG antibodies, including autoantibodies to brain antigens. This study focused on the specificities of autoantibodies and the immune cells and their transcription factors that might be responsible for the autoantibodies.

Xanthohumol attenuates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity through inhibiting NF-κB and activating Nrf2 signaling pathways.

Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic agent that widely used in the treatment of cancer. However, cisplatin has been reported to induce nephrotoxicity by directly inducing inflammatory response and oxidative stress. In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective effects and mechanism of xanthohumol on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.

Effects and mechanism of amyloid β1-42 on mitochondria in astrocytes.

Amyloid β (Aβ)1-42 is strongly associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The effects of Aβ1‑42 on astrocytes remain largely unknown. The present study focused on the effects of Aβ1‑42 on U87 human glioblastoma cells as astrocytes for in vitro investigation and mouse brains for in vivo investigation.

[Establishment and application of quality control system for detection of schistosomiasis in Jiangsu Province II Evaluation of pathogenic detection capacity of county-level personnel].

Objective: To evaluate the pathogenic detection capacity of countylevel organizations in Jiangsu Province, and to improve the field schistosomiasis detection capacity of professional personnel, thus to provide the technical support for the construction of quality control system of schistosomiasis field detection.

Methods: The eggs of were obtained from rabbit schistosomiasis models and were produced into suspensions at four different concentrations. The countylevel workers were invited to hatch the eggs, and the accuracy, detection error rate and omission rate were compared between the detection results and the standard results.

and studies on the roles of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease with an increasing morbidity rate. As one of the most important signaling pathways that responds to inflammation and degeneration, the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway is active in the cortexes of AD mice. At the cellular level the same effect can be observed with p38 MAPK when induced by amyloid β (Aβ), a 42-residue Aβ fragment.

UBE2T knockdown inhibits gastric cancer progression.

Ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2 enzymes) such as UBE2T target proteins for degradation via the proteasome. Here, we examined the effects of UBE2T on the progression of gastric cancer. UBE2T was highly expressed in gastric tumors and gastric cancer cells.

Cryptotanshinone protects against adriamycin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiomyocytes.

Context: The serious side effect of Adriamycin (ADR) is cardiomyopathy. Cryptotanshinone (CRY) is widely and safely used as antioxidant with MTD more than 5 mg/g in rats (p.o).

[Surveillance and risk assessment system of schistosomiasis in Jiangsu Province. I. Distribution of surveillance site and effectiveness of the system].

Objective: To establish the surveillance and risk assessment system of schistosomiasis in Jiangsu Province, so as to provide technical support for timely understanding of the risk of schistosomiasis transmission and implementation of targeted control measures.

Methods: The surveillance sites of schistosomiasis were assigned according to the epidemic status and endemic type of schistosomiasis as well as the characteristics of the water system, and the prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum in humans and domestic animals, and snail status were investigated. In addition, the quality control of serum detection of S.

Cryptotanshinone inhibits lung tumorigenesis and induces apoptosis in cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.

Cryptotanshinone is one of the compounds extracted from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. Unlike other tanshinones, only a small number of studies have focused on cryptotanshinone for medical treatment. In the present study, the A549 lung cancer cell line and xenograft models of human lung tumors were used to assess the anti-cancer effect of cryptotanshinone.

[Optimization of time of artificial population schistosome infected Oncomelania hupensis snails].

Objective: To explore the optimizational time of artificial population schistosome infected Oncomelania hupensis snails.

Methods: Under laboratory conditions, the snails were infected with the miracidia of Schistosoma japonicum for 2 h, 3 h and 4 h respectively, and the death rates and the infection rates of the snails, and the quantities of cercariae of each group were observed 60-120 d after the infection, and all the data observed were analyzed to get the optimizational time of artificial population schistosome infected snails.

Results: Of the 3 h group, the snail infection rate was the highest and the mortality was the lowest among the 3 groups (P<0.

[Establishment and application of quality control system for detection of schistosomiasis in Jiangsu Province I ability of serological detection among county-level personnel].

Objective: To evaluate the ability for serological screening of schistosomiasis among county-level personnel, so as to provide the evidence for establishing the quality control system of field detection of schistosomiasis.

Methods: The standard serum panel was prepared for the quality assessment of schistosomiasis diagnostic capability, and detected by county-level personnel in the endemic field simultaneously using single-blind method. The rates of coincidence, misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis were calculated compared with the standard results.

Effects of salidroside on glioma formation and growth inhibition together with improvement of tumor microenvironment.

Objective: To test the effects of salidroside on formation and growth of glioma together with tumor microenvironment.

Methods: Salidroside extracted from Rhodiola rosea was purified and treated on human glioma cells U251 at the concentration of 20 µg/mL. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-dephenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay for cytotoxicity and flow cytometry (FCM) for cell cycle analysis were performed.

The role of renal proximal tubule P450 enzymes in chloroform-induced nephrotoxicity: utility of renal specific P450 reductase knockout mouse models.

The kidney is a primary target for numerous toxic compounds. Cytochrome P450 enzymes (P450) are responsible for the metabolic activation of various chemical compounds, and in the kidney are predominantly expressed in proximal tubules. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that renal proximal tubular P450s are critical for nephrotoxicity caused by chemicals such as chloroform.

Suppression of cytochrome P450 reductase expression promotes astrocytosis in subventricular zone of adult mice.

The aim of this study was to determine the role of NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) and CPR-dependent enzymes in neural stem cell (NSC) genesis in the brain. A mouse model with globally suppressed Cpr gene expression (Cpr-low mouse) was studied for this purpose. Cpr-low and wild-type (WT) mice were compared immunohistochemically for the expression of markers of cell proliferation (Ki67), immature neurons (doublecortin, DCX), oligodendrocytes (oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2, OLIG2), and astrocytes (glial fibrillary acidic protein, GFAP) in the SVZ, and for the in vitro capability of their SVZ cells to form neurospheres and differentiate into astrocytes.

Role of mammary epithelial and stromal P450 enzymes in the clearance and metabolic activation of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene in mice.

Microsomal cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes, which are important in the metabolism of carcinogens, are expressed in both epithelial and stromal cells in the mammary gland. The aim of this study was to investigate the roles of mammary epithelial P450 enzymes in the bioactivation and disposition of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA), a breast carcinogen, in the mammary gland. A new mouse model (named MEpi-Cpr-null) was produced, wherein P450 activities in the mammary epithelial cells are suppressed through tissue-specific deletion of the gene for P450 reductase (Cpr), an enzyme required for the activities of all microsomal P450 enzymes.

Generation and characterization of a CYP2A13/2B6/2F1-transgenic mouse model.

CYP2A13, CYP2B6, and CYP2F1, which are encoded by neighboring cytochrome P450 genes on human chromosome 19, are active in the metabolic activation of many drugs, respiratory toxicants, and chemical carcinogens. To facilitate studies on the regulation and function of these human genes, we have generated a CYP2A13/2B6/2F1-transgenic (TG) mouse model (all *1 alleles). Homozygous transgenic mice are normal with respect to gross morphological features, development, and fertility.

Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding type 1 diacylglycerol acyltransferase from sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.).

A full-length cDNA encoding a putative diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT; EC 2.3.1.