Analysis of Cytokine-Inducible SH2-Containing Protein (CISH) in the Study of Immunosenescence.

The aging immune system undergoes significant changes, leading to a state known as immunosenescence. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying immunosenescence is crucial for developing targeted interventions to enhance immune functions in older individuals. This bio-protocol review focuses on the application of quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) for the mRNA quantification of cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein (CISH), an immune regulator overexpressed in T-cell responses from older adults.

An FGFR1-Binding Peptide Modified Liposome for siRNA Delivery in Lung Cancer.

Liposome modification by targeting ligands has been used to mediate specific interactions and drug delivery to target cells. In this study, a new peptide ligand, CP7, was found to be able to effectively bind to FGFR1 through reverse molecular docking and could cooperate with VEGFR3 to achieve targeting of A549 cells. CP7 was modified on the surface of the liposome to construct a targeted and safe nanovehicle for the delivery of a therapeutic gene, Mcl-1 siRNA.

Phenylboronic ester-modified polymeric nanoparticles for promoting TRP2 peptide antigen delivery in cancer immunotherapy.

The tremendous development of peptide-based cancer vaccine has attracted incremental interest as a powerful approach in cancer management, prevention and treatment. As successful as tumor vaccine has been, major challenges associated with achieving efficient immune response against cancer are (1) drainage to and retention in lymph nodes; (2) uptake by dendritic cells (DCs); (3) activation of DCs. In order to overcome these barriers, here we construct PBE-modified TRP2 nanovaccine, which comprises TRP2 peptide tumor antigen and diblock copolymer PEG-b-PAsp grafted with phenylboronic ester (PBE).

An Integrated Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Polymeric Micelle for Smart Drug Delivery and Effective Drug Release.

Tumor microenvironment (TME) responsive polymeric micelles are promising carriers for drug delivery. In order to meet the needs of various applications, multifarious TME-responsive switches are used to construct smart polymeric micelles, which causes the complexity and corpulence of the polymeric micelle system and increases the difficulty of preparation. In this study, we designed and synthesized an ingenious TME-responsive switch through grafting disulfide bond-modified piperidinepropionic acid (CPA) on copolymer poly(ethylene glycol)--poly(aspartate)(PEG--PAsp) and built a novel pH/reduction-responsive PEG--PAsp--CPA polymeric micelle delivery system.