Metallo-Polyampholyte Hydrogel Based on a Y-Shaped Amphoteric Monomer with Robust Antibacterial and Antifouling Performance.

A Y-shaped metallo-amphoteric monomer with cobaltocenium as the cation and sulfonyl as the anion was synthesized and used to prepare the corresponding metallo-polyampholyte hydrogel (PAH). The cobaltocenium in the amphoteric system and its Y-shape may introduce tunable supramolecular interactions, providing regulation of hydration properties and biomedical performance. Such metallo-PAH showed a higher water swelling ratio and comparable mechanical performance in comparison with its organic counterpart, polysulfobetaine methacrylate hydrogel (SBMA-PAH).

EvoAI enables extreme compression and reconstruction of the protein sequence space.

Designing proteins with improved functions requires a deep understanding of how sequence and function are related, a vast space that is hard to explore. The ability to efficiently compress this space by identifying functionally important features is extremely valuable. Here we establish a method called EvoScan to comprehensively segment and scan the high-fitness sequence space to obtain anchor points that capture its essential features, especially in high dimensions.

Improving the prediction of protein stability changes upon mutations by geometric learning and a pre-training strategy.

Accurate prediction of protein mutation effects is of great importance in protein engineering and design. Here we propose GeoStab-suite, a suite of three geometric learning-based models-GeoFitness, GeoDDG and GeoDTm-for the prediction of fitness score, ΔΔG and ΔT of a protein upon mutations, respectively. GeoFitness engages a specialized loss function to allow supervised training of a unified model using the large amount of multi-labeled fitness data in the deep mutational scanning database.

Analysis and Design of Efficient Authentication Techniques for Password Entry with the Qwerty Keyboard for VR Environments.

Authentication in digital security relies heavily on text-based passwords, even with other available methods like biometrics and graphical passwords. While virtual reality (VR) keyboards are typically invisible to onlookers, the presence of inconspicuous sensors, including accelerometers, gyroscopes, and barometers, poses a potential risk of unauthorized observation and recording. Traditional defense shoulder-surfing attack methods typically involve breaking apart the Qwerty layout, which destroys the user's inherent familiarity with the layout.

An end-to-end framework for the prediction of protein structure and fitness from single sequence.

Significant research progress has been made in the field of protein structure and fitness prediction. Particularly, single-sequence-based structure prediction methods like ESMFold and OmegaFold achieve a balance between inference speed and prediction accuracy, showing promise for many downstream prediction tasks. Here, we propose SPIRED, a single-sequence-based structure prediction model that exhibits comparable performance to the state-of-the-art methods but with approximately 5-fold acceleration in inference and at least one order of magnitude reduction in training consumption.

EvoAI enables extreme compression and reconstruction of the protein sequence space.

Designing proteins with improved functions requires a deep understanding of how sequence and function are related, a vast space that is hard to explore. The ability to efficiently compress this space by identifying functionally important features is extremely valuable. Here, we first establish a method called EvoScan to comprehensively segment and scan the high-fitness sequence space to obtain anchor points that capture its essential features, especially in high dimensions.

Esketamine accelerates emergence from isoflurane general anaesthesia by activating the paraventricular thalamus glutamatergic neurones in mice.

Background: Delayed emergence from general anaesthesia poses a significant perioperative safety hazard. Subanaesthetic doses of ketamine not only deepen anaesthesia but also accelerate recovery from isoflurane anaesthesia; however, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain elusive. Esketamine exhibits a more potent receptor affinity and fewer adverse effects than ketamine and exhibits shorter recovery times after brief periods of anaesthesia.

Probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii attenuates cardiopulmonary bypass-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting ferroptosis.

Objective: Acute lung injury (ALI) is one of the most common and fatal complications of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Probiotics treatment has been shown to reduce lung injury in different experimental models. However, the effect of probiotics on CPB-induced ALI is still poorly understood.

Understanding of remora's "hitchhiking" behaviour from a hydrodynamic point of view.

Symbiotic relationships have developed through natural evolution. For example, that of the remora fish attached to the body of a shark. From the remora's perspective, this could be associated to an increased hydrodynamic efficiency in swimming and this needs to be investigated.

Transcriptome-Wide Gene Expression in a Murine Model of Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury.

Background: Mechanical ventilation could lead to ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI), but its underlying pathogenesis remains largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to determine the genes which were highly correlated with VILI as well as their expressions and interactions by analyzing the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the VILI samples and controls.

Methods: GSE11434 was downloaded from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database, and DEGs were identified with GEO2R.