Dynamic transcriptomics unveils parallel transcriptional regulation in artemisinin and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways under cold stress in Artemisia annua.

Cold stress, a major abiotic factor, positively modulates the synthesis of artemisinin in Artemisia annua and influences the biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites. To elucidate the changes in the synthesis of secondary metabolites under low-temperature conditions, we conducted dynamic transcriptomic and metabolite quantification analyses of A. annua leaves.

Transcriptome dynamics in provides new insights into cold adaptation and de-adaptation.

Plants adapt to cold stress through a tightly regulated process involving metabolic reprogramming and tissue remodeling to enhance tolerance within a short timeframe. However, the precise differences and interconnections among various organs during cold adaptation remain poorly understood. This study employed dynamic transcriptomic and metabolite quantitative analyses to investigate cold adaptation and subsequent de-adaptation in , a species known for its robust resistance to abiotic stress.

Physiological response and phytoremediation potential of dioecious inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to Pb and Zn pollution.

Plant-microorganism combined remediation of heavy metal pollution has been reported, but little attention has been paid to the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on phytoremediation of dioecious plants under heavy metal pollution. In this study, the growth, physiological responses and phytoremediation traits of were determined to evaluate whether sex-specific ecophysiological responses and phytoremediation capacities of females and males are affected by additional AM fungi () under heavy metal treatments. The results showed that excess Pb and Zn stresses inhibited photosynthetic capacities of both sexes.

Sex-specific competition differently regulates the response of the rhizosphere fungal community of A dioecious plant, under Mn stress.

In this study, we investigated the soil physicochemical parameters and responses of rhizospheric fungal communities of to Mn stress under different sexual competition patterns. The results showed that competition significantly affects soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activity, and rhizosphere-associated fungal community structures. Under Mn stress, soils with intersexual competition had higher levels of N supply than those with the intrasexual competition.

Measuring fluence distribution of intense short laser based on the radiochromic effect.

This Letter demonstrates a novel, to the best of our knowledge, method to measure the fluence distribution of an intense short laser pulse based on the radiochromic effect. We discovered that an intense short laser pulse can induce the color reaction with a radiochromic film (RCF). Further, the net optical density of an irradiated RCF is proportional to the fluence of the incident laser pulse in a large range (${2 {-} 120}\;{{{\rm mJ}/{\rm cm}}^2}$).

Measurements of the Growth and Saturation of Electron Weibel Instability in Optical-Field Ionized Plasmas.

The temporal evolution of the magnetic field associated with electron thermal Weibel instability in optical-field ionized plasmas is measured using ultrashort (1.8 ps), relativistic (45 MeV) electron bunches from a linear accelerator. The self-generated magnetic fields are found to self-organize into a quasistatic structure consistent with a helicoid topology within a few picoseconds and such a structure lasts for tens of picoseconds in underdense plasmas.

Photon deceleration in plasma wakes generates single-cycle relativistic tunable infrared pulses.

Availability of relativistically intense, single-cycle, tunable infrared sources will open up new areas of relativistic nonlinear optics of plasmas, impulse IR spectroscopy and pump-probe experiments in the molecular fingerprint region. However, generation of such pulses is still a challenge by current methods. Recently, it has been proposed that time dependent refractive index associated with laser-produced nonlinear wakes in a suitably designed plasma density structure rapidly frequency down-converts photons.

Forest gaps influence fungal community assembly in a weeping cypress forest.

The forest gap crucially influences forest environments, but its effects on local fungal community assembly are not fully understood. In this study, the fungal community in a weeping cypress forest was investigated as a function of forest gap locations based on forest clearing, using amplicon sequencing of the ITS2 region. The results showed that the fungal community significantly varied with the variations in soil properties related to gap location.

Variable Selection with Prior Information for Generalized Linear Models via the Prior LASSO Method.

LASSO is a popular statistical tool often used in conjunction with generalized linear models that can simultaneously select variables and estimate parameters. When there are many variables of interest, as in current biological and biomedical studies, the power of LASSO can be limited. Fortunately, so much biological and biomedical data have been collected and they may contain useful information about the importance of certain variables.

Self-reported menopausal symptoms, coronary artery calcification, and carotid intima-media thickness in recently menopausal women screened for the Kronos early estrogen prevention study (KEEPS).

Objective: To determine whether self-reported menopausal symptoms are associated with measures of subclinical atherosclerosis.

Design: Cross-sectional analysis.

Setting: Multicenter, randomized controlled trial.

Novel tree-based method to generate markers from rare variant data.

Existing methods for analyzing rare variant data focus on collapsing a group of rare variants into a single common variant; collapsing is based on an intuitive function of the rare variant genotype information, such as an indicator function or a weighted sum. It is more natural, however, to take into account the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) interactions informed directly by the data. We propose a novel tree-based method that automatically detects SNP interactions and generates candidate markers from the original pool of rare variants.

A LASSO-based approach to analyzing rare variants in genetic association studies.

Genetic markers with rare variants are spread out in the genome, making it necessary and difficult to consider them in genetic association studies. Consequently, wisely combining rare variants into "composite" markers may facilitate meaningful analyses. In this paper, we propose a novel approach of analyzing rare variant data by incorporating the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator technique.

O,O'-Diisopropyl S-[2-(benzene-sulfon-amido)-eth-yl]phospho-rodithio-ate.

The mol-ecular conformation of the title compound, C(14)H(24)NO(4)PS(3), the selective herbicide bensulide, is stabilized by a weak intra-molecular C-H⋯S inter-action. In the crystal, chains are formed through inter-molecular N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds.