High-Performance Bioinspired Hierarchical Microgroove Wick for Ceramic Vapor Chambers Achieved by Nanosecond Pulsed Lasers.

Directly integrating ceramic vapor chambers into the insulating substrate of semiconductor power devices is an effective approach to solve the problem of heat dissipation. Microgrooves that could be machined directly on the shell plate without contact thermal resistance and mechanical dislocation offer exciting opportunities to achieve high-performance ceramic vapor chambers. In this study, a bioinspired hierarchical microgroove wick (BHMW) containing low ribs via one-step nanosecond pulsed laser processing was developed, as inspired by the Sarracenia trichome.

Diagnostic performance evaluation of urine HIV-1 antibody rapid test kits in a real-life routine care setting in China.

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of urine HIV antibody rapid test kits in screening diverse populations and to analyse subjects' willingness regarding reagent types, purchase channels, acceptable prices, and self-testing.

Designs: Diagnostic accuracy studies PARTICIPANTS: A total of 2606 valid and eligible samples were collected in the study, including 202 samples from female sex workers (FSWs), 304 persons with injection drug use (IDU), 1000 pregnant women (PW), 100 subjects undergoing voluntary HIV counselling and testing (VCT) and 1000 students in higher education schools or colleges (STUs). Subjects should simultaneously meet the following inclusion criteria: (1) being at least 18 years old and in full civil capacity, (2) signing an informed consent form and (3) providing truthful identifying information to ensure that the subjects and their samples are unique.

Programmed disassembly of a microtubule-based membrane protrusion network coordinates 3D epithelial morphogenesis in Drosophila.

Comprehensive analysis of cellular dynamics during the process of morphogenesis is fundamental to understanding the principles of animal development. Despite recent advancements in light microscopy, how successive cell shape changes lead to complex three-dimensional tissue morphogenesis is still largely unresolved. Using in vivo live imaging of Drosophila wing development, we have studied unique cellular structures comprising a microtubule-based membrane protrusion network.

Conditional knockdown protocol for studying cellular communication using Drosophila melanogaster wing imaginal disc.

Apicobasal polarity determinants are potential tumor suppressors that have been extensively studied. However, the precise mechanisms by which their misregulation disrupts tissue homeostasis are not fully understood. Here, we present a comprehensive protocol for establishing a conditional RNAi knockdown of scribble in Drosophila wing imaginal disc.

Coordination of tissue homeostasis and growth by the Scribble-α-Catenin-Septate junction complex.

Maintaining apicobasal polarity (ABP) is crucial for epithelial integrity and homeostasis during tissue development. Although intracellular mechanisms underlying ABP establishment have been well studied, it remains to be addressed how the ABP coordinates tissue growth and homeostasis. By studying Scribble, a key ABP determinant, we address molecular mechanisms underlying ABP-mediated growth control in the wing imaginal disc.

Scribble and α-Catenin cooperatively regulate epithelial homeostasis and growth.

Epithelial homeostasis is an emergent property of both physical and biochemical signals emanating from neighboring cells and across tissue. A recent study reveals that Scribble, an apico-basal polarity determinant, cooperates with α-Catenin, an adherens junction component, to regulate tissue homeostasis in the wing imaginal disc. However, it remains to be addressed whether similar mechanisms are utilized in vertebrates.

Coupling between dynamic 3D tissue architecture and BMP morphogen signaling during wing morphogenesis.

At the level of organ formation, tissue morphogenesis drives developmental processes in animals, often involving the rearrangement of two-dimensional (2D) structures into more complex three-dimensional (3D) tissues. These processes can be directed by growth factor signaling pathways. However, little is known about how such morphological changes affect the spatiotemporal distribution of growth factor signaling.

Social Work in Funeral Homes, a Unique Chinese Practice?

Social workers were introduced to funeral homes in China amid the transition and expansion of both the funeral home industry and the social work profession and are proving to play a valuable, though under-researched role in serving not just clients but also communities and funeral home staff. Funeral home social work fills gaps in after-death care and mental health and is distinct from palliative, hospice, end-of-life, and bereavement social work. Based on the experiences of funeral homes that employ social workers, this article argues that this innovation may bring new ideas to bridge some of the service gaps in after-death care in China and globally.

Quantitative Morphological Variation in the Developing Wing.

Quantitative genetic variation in morphology is pervasive in all species and is the basis for the evolution of differences among species. The measurement of morphological form in adults is now beginning to be combined with comparable measurements of form during development. Here we compare the shape of the developing wing to its adult form in a holometabolous insect, We used protein expression patterns to measure shape in the developing precursors of the final adult wing.

Wing vein development in the sawfly Athalia rosae is regulated by spatial transcription of Dpp/BMP signaling components.

Wing venation among insects serves as an excellent model to address how diversified patterns are produced. Previous studies suggest that evolutionarily conserved Decapentaplegic (Dpp)/Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) signal plays a critical role in wing vein development in the dipteran Drosophila melanogaster and the hymenopteran sawfly Athalia rosae. In sawfly, dpp is ubiquitously expressed in the wing during prepupal stages, but Dpp/BMP signal is localized in the future vein cells.

Scribbled Optimizes BMP Signaling through Its Receptor Internalization to the Rab5 Endosome and Promote Robust Epithelial Morphogenesis.

Epithelial cells are characterized by apical-basal polarity. Intrinsic factors underlying apical-basal polarity are crucial for tissue homeostasis and have often been identified to be tumor suppressors. Patterning and differentiation of epithelia are key processes of epithelial morphogenesis and are frequently regulated by highly conserved extrinsic factors.

lolal Is an Evolutionarily New Epigenetic Regulator of dpp Transcription during Dorsal-Ventral Axis Formation.

Secreted ligands in the Dpp/BMP family drive dorsal-ventral (D/V) axis formation in all Bilaterian species. However, maternal factors regulating Dpp/BMP transcription in this process are largely unknown. We identified the BTB domain protein longitudinals lacking-like (lolal) as a modifier of decapentaplegic (dpp) mutations.

Partial depletion of yolk during zebrafish embryogenesis changes the dynamics of methionine cycle and metabolic genes.

Background: Limited nutrient availability during development is associated with metabolic diseases in adulthood. The molecular cause for these defects is unclear. Here, we investigate if transcriptional changes caused by developmental malnutrition reveal an early response that can be linked to metabolism and metabolic diseases.