Comparative Study of Iminodibenzyl and Diphenylamine Derivatives as Hole Transport Materials in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have recently achieved over 26 % power conversion efficiency, challenging the dominance of silicon-based alternatives. This progress is significantly driven by innovations in hole transport materials (HTMs), which notably influence the efficiency and stability of PSCs. However, conventional organic HTMs like Spiro-OMeTAD and PTAA, although highly efficient, suffer from thermal degradation, moisture ingress, and high cost.

Inverse design workflow discovers hole-transport materials tailored for perovskite solar cells.

The inverse design of tailored organic molecules for specific optoelectronic devices of high complexity holds an enormous potential but has not yet been realized. Current models rely on large data sets that generally do not exist for specialized research fields. We demonstrate a closed-loop workflow that combines high-throughput synthesis of organic semiconductors to create large datasets and Bayesian optimization to discover new hole-transporting materials with tailored properties for solar cell applications.

Vertical Graphene-Based Multiparametric Sensing Array for Integration of Smart Catheter to Electrochemically Monitor Peritoneal Dialysis.

Renal failure is typical chronic kidney disease that required peritoneal dialysis as the primary treatment, but current catheter devices lack functionality to monitor changes in chemical analytes during peritoneal dialysis. Fabrication of miniatured sensing modules with good electrochemical performance in tiny catheter devices is the key to realize the smart monitoring of peritoneal dialysis. In this work, a vertical graphene-based multiparametric sensing array (VG-MSA) is developed to continuously measure fluctuations of various analyte concentrations for peritoneal dialysis monitoring.

Interpretable machine learning models for the prediction of all-cause mortality and time to death in hemodialysis patients.

Introduction: The elevated mortality and hospitalization rates among hemodialysis (HD) patients underscore the necessity for the development of accurate predictive tools. This study developed two models for predicting all-cause mortality and time to death-one using a comprehensive database and another simpler model based on demographic and clinical data without laboratory tests.

Method: A retrospective cohort study was conducted from January 2017 to June 2023.

Effects of variable-temperature drying on the qualities and sweet-substance profile of Mill. cv. Junzao.

The changes in the qualities and sweet-substance levels of Junzao jujube during variable-temperature drying (VTD) were investigated. The results showed that VTD retains the original color of jujube, reduces its hardness and chewiness, and decreases its wrinkling while shortening the drying time by 13.2% compared with that of constant temperature drying (CTD).

Comparative analysis between the safety and efficacy of oral corticosteroids versus corticosteroids pulse therapies in IgA nephropathy.

Objective: This study retrospectively compared the safety and efficacy of oral corticosteroid therapy (OCT) and corticosteroid pulse therapy (CPT) in the treatment of IgA nephropathy.

Methods: One ninety-two patients were diagnosed with IgA nephropathy and had an estimated glomerular filtration rate > 15mL/min/1.73m and 24-h urine protein level of 0.

Integrated System Built for Small-Molecule Semiconductors via High-Throughput Approaches.

High-throughput synthesis of solution-processable structurally variable small-molecule semiconductors is both an opportunity and a challenge. A large number of diverse molecules provide a possibility for quick material discovery and machine learning based on experimental data. However, the diversity of the molecular structure leads to the complexity of molecular properties, such as solubility, polarity, and crystallinity, which poses great challenges to solution processing and purification.

Effects of food stimuli on event-related potentials of restrained eating subgroups during task switching.

Executive functions are thought to affect problematic eating behaviors in restrained eaters. While neurophysiological features of inhibitory control among restrained eaters in particular have been extensively investigated, considerably less is known about its influence on cognitive flexibility. The present study investigated the behavioral and neural correlates of food-related cognitive flexibility with event-related potentials (ERPs) associated in a task-switching paradigm among successful restrained eaters (SREs, n = 30) and unsuccessful restrained eaters (UREs, n = 32).

Optically Controlled Living Micromotors for the Manipulation and Disruption of Biological Targets.

Bioinspired and biohybrid micromotors represent a revolution in microrobotic research and are playing an increasingly important role in biomedical applications. In particular, biological micromotors that are multifunctional and can perform complex tasks are in great demand. Here, we report living and multifunctional micromotors based on single cells (green microalgae: ) that are controlled by optical force.

Artificial intelligence and convolution neural networks assessing mammographic images: a narrative literature review.

Studies have shown that the use of artificial intelligence can reduce errors in medical image assessment. The diagnosis of breast cancer is an essential task; however, diagnosis can include 'detection' and 'interpretation' errors. Studies to reduce these errors have shown the feasibility of using convolution neural networks (CNNs).

Extensive serum cytokine analysis in patients with prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer (CaP) is a common male malignancy. Using prostate specific antigen (PSA) and prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) in the diagnosis of prostate cancer, sensitivity and specificity still require improvement. Additional targets are urgently needed for the diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of therapeutic response, leading to better treatments in order to reduce the mortality of CaP.

Injectable and biodegradable phospholipid-based phase separation gel for sustained delivery of insulin.

Long-term and daily injection of insulin for the treatment of diabetes mellitus often bring great suffering to patients. In order to reduce injection frequency and improve patient compliance, an injectable in-situ forming phospholipid-based phase separation gel (PPSG) was formulated in the present study. Insulin was loaded into PPSG for sustained and controlled delivery, which could maintain the bioactivity of insulin during its release process.

The important roles of type I interferon and interferon-inducible genes in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a severe autoimmune disease that causes multiple-organ dysfunction mainly affecting women in their childbearing years. Type I IFN synthesis is usually triggered by viruses, and its production is tightly regulated and limited in time in health individuals. However, many patients with systemic autoimmune diseases including SLE have signs of aberrant production of type I interferon (IFN) and display an increased expression of IFN-inducible genes.

Safety and efficacy of policosanol in patients with high on-treatment platelet reactivity after drug-eluting stent implantation: two-year follow-up results.

Objectives: To investigate safety and efficacy of policosanol in patients with high on-treatment platelet reactivity after drug-eluting stent implantation.

Background: Certain number of patients has high residual platelet reactivity on clopidogrel after coronary intervention, and their risk of thrombotic events is high.

Method: In this prospective, randomized trial conducted in four Chinese sites, 350 patients with high on-treatment platelet reactivity (HPR, defined as platelet aggregation >65%) were randomized by the ratio of 1:3:3 to: group A, clopidogrel 75 mg/d for 1 year (n=50); group B, clopidogrel 150 mg/d for 30 days followed by 75 mg/d until 1 year (n=150); or group C, policosanol 40 mg/d for 6 month and clopidogrel 75 mg/d for 1 year (n=150).