Extracellular vesicles derived from plasmodium-infected red blood cells alleviate cerebral malaria in plasmodium berghei ANKA-infected C57BL/6J mice.

RTS,S is the first malaria vaccine recommended for implementation among young children at risk. However, vaccine efficacy is modest and short-lived. To mitigate the risk of cerebral malaria (CM) among children under the age of 5, it is imperative to develop new vaccines.

Essential Oil of Alleviate Psoriatic-Like Skin Inflammation by Inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR and p38MAPK Signaling Pathway.

Background: The traditional L. has been used to treat dermatitis for thousands of years. Due to emerging trends in alternative medicine, patients prefer natural remedies to relieve their symptoms.

Exosome-derived long noncoding RNAs: Mediators of host-Plasmodium parasite communication.

Overcoming challenges associated with malaria eradication proves to be a formidable task due to the complicated life cycle exhibited by the malaria parasite and the lack of safe and enduring vaccines against malaria. Investigating the interplay between Plasmodium parasites and their mammalian hosts is crucial for the development of novel vaccines. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) derived from Plasmodium parasites or host cells have emerged as potential signaling molecules involved in the trafficking of proteins, RNA (mRNAs, miRNAs, and ncRNAs), and DNA.

THE ALARMIN EFFECT OF HMGB1/RIP3 ON TRANSFUSION-RELATED ACUTE LUNG INJURY VIA TLR4/NF-ΚB OR MAPK PATHWAY.

Nonantibody-mediated transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) may account for up to 25% of TRALI cases. This indicates the need for further research to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms involved beyond antibody mediation fully. During this research, a TRALI rat model was developed using the trauma-blood loss-massive transfusion method.

Extracellular Vesicles Derived from -infected Hosts as Stimuli of "Trained" Innate Immunity.

Although the burden of malaria has been successfully controlled globally, this disease remains a major public health issue. To date, neither existing drugs nor vaccines against malaria are sufficient in eliminating malaria worldwide. To achieve the eradication of malaria by 2040, effective interventions targeting all species are urgently needed.

Comprehensive analysis of CXCR family members in lung adenocarcinoma with prognostic values.

Background: The expression profiles and molecular mechanisms of CXC chemokine receptors (CXCRs) in Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) have been extensively explored. However, the comprehensive prognostic values of CXCR members in LUAD have not yet been clearly identified.

Methods: Multiple available datasets, including Oncomine datasets, the cancer genome atlas (TCGA), HPA platform, GeneMANIA platform, DAVID platform and the tumor immune estimation resource (TIMER) were used to detect the expression of CXCRs in LUAD, as well as elucidate the significance and value of novel CXCRs-associated genes and signaling pathways in LUAD.

Plasmodium manipulates the expression of host long non-coding RNA during red blood cell intracellular infection.

Background: Parasites interact with their host through "direct" and/or "indirect" mechanisms. Plasmodium, for example, either mediates direct physical interactions with host factors or triggers the immune system of the host indirectly, leading to changes in infectious outcomes. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in regulating biological processes, especially host-pathogen interactions.

T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling promotes the assembly of RanBP2/RanGAP1-SUMO1/Ubc9 nuclear pore subcomplex via PKC-θ-mediated phosphorylation of RanGAP1.

The nuclear pore complex (NPC) is the sole and selective gateway for nuclear transport, and its dysfunction has been associated with many diseases. The metazoan NPC subcomplex RanBP2, which consists of RanBP2 (Nup358), RanGAP1-SUMO1, and Ubc9, regulates the assembly and function of the NPC. The roles of immune signaling in regulation of NPC remain poorly understood.

Adaptive immune responses mediated age-related Plasmodium yoelii 17XL and 17XNL infections in 4 and 8-week-old BALB/c mice.

Backgroud: It is important to expound the opposite clinical outcomes between children and adulthood for eradicate malaria. There remains unknown about the correlation between adaptive immune response and age-related in malaria.

Methods: 4 and 8-week-old mice were used to mimic children and adulthood, respectively.

Plasmodium yoelii 17XL infection modified maturation and function of dendritic cells by skewing Tregs and amplificating Th17.

Background: Emerging data has suggested that Tregs, Th17, Th1 and Th2 are correlated with early immune mechanisms by controlling Plasmodium infection. Plasmodium infection appeared to impair the antigen presentation and maturation of DCs, leading to attenuation of specific cellular immune response ultimately. Hence, in this study, we aim to evaluate the relevance between DCs and Tregs/Th17 populations in the process and outcomes of infection with Plasmodium yoelii 17XL (P.

Modulation of anti-malaria immunity by vitamin A in C57BL/6J mice infected with heterogenic plasmodium.

Vitamin A (VA) is an anti-inflammatory agent that is important in modulating and balancing the immune system. The present study aimed to investigate the immunoregulatory effects of vitamin A supplement (VAS) in C57BL/6J mice infected with Plasmodium yoelii 17XL (P.y17XL) or Plasmodium berghei ANKA (P.

Different doses of vitamin C supplementation enhances the Th1 immune response to early Plasmodium yoelii 17XL infection in BALB/c mice.

Vitamin C (ascorbate) is maintained at high levels in most immune cells and can affect many aspects of the immune response. Here, we evaluated the effect of vitamin C supplementation on the immune response to Plasmodium yoelii 17XL (P. yoelii 17XL) infection in BALB/c mice.

Oral administration of vitamin D and importance in prevention of cerebral malaria.

Cerebral malaria (CM) is a serious and fatal malaria-associated syndrome caused by the development of an overwhelming proinflammatory response. Vitamin D (Vit.D; cholecalciferol) has regulatory functions associated with both innate and adaptive immune responses.

MXene/Graphene Heterostructures as High-Performance Electrodes for Li-Ion Batteries.

Recently, MXene/graphene heterostructures have been successfully fabricated and found to exhibit outstanding performance as electrodes for Li-ion batteries. However, insights into the mechanism behind the encouraging experimental results are missing. We use first-principles calculations to systematically investigate the electrochemical properties of MXene/graphene heterostructures, choosing TiCX (X = F, O, and OH) as representative MXenes.

Vitamin D aggravates breast cancer by inducing immunosuppression in the tumor bearing mouse.

The aim of this approach is to test the effects and related mechanism of vitamin D (VD) treatment on the outcomes of breast cancer. BALB/c mice were injected with 4T1 breast cancer cell suspension. The test group was treated with VD reagent.

Artesunate and erythropoietin synergistically improve the outcome of experimental cerebral malaria.

Cerebral malaria (CM) is a severe neurological syndrome in humans and the main fatal cause of malaria. In malaria epidemic regions, despite appropriate anti-malarial treatment, 10-20% of deaths still occur during the acute phase. This is largely attributable to poor treatment access, therapeutic complexity and drug resistance; thus, developing additional clinical adjunctive therapies is an urgent necessity.

Chloroquine (CQ) exerts anti-breast cancer through modulating microenvironment and inducing apoptosis.

CQ is an anti-malaria drug, which has been used for years. However, there are published articles about its activity in anti-cancers. The aim of this approach was to look at possibility and related mechanisms of anti-breast cancer (mouse breast cancer cell line 4T1) by CQ alone.

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-inoculation at different time points influences the outcome of C57BL/6 mice infected with Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS.

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is an attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis vaccine. We performed a series of co-infection experiments with BCG-Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi Landau, 1965 AS using C57BL/6 mice to analyse whether BCG can affect the development of protective immunity to infection with Plasmodium spp. and the mechanism of this protection.

Identification of three ookinete-specific genes and evaluation of their transmission-blocking potentials in Plasmodium berghei.

With a renewed hope for malaria elimination, interventions that prevent transmission of parasites from humans to mosquitoes have received elevated attention. Transmission-blocking vaccines (TBVs) targeting the sexual stages are well suited for this task. Here, through bioinformatic analysis, we selected two putative Plasmodium berghei ookinete-stage proteins (PBANKA_111920, and PBANKA_145770) and a previously characterized ookinete protein PBANKA_135340 (PSOP7) for evaluation of their transmission-blocking potentials.

l-arginine and docetaxel synergistically enhance anti-tumor immunity by modifying the immune status of tumor-bearing mice.

l-arginine (l-Arg) supplementation has been reported to enhance the function of immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs) and T lymphocytes, in cancer models thereby countering the suppressive effects of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). The balance of the active immune cells is one factor that determines the progression of cancers in vivo. Docetaxel (DTX), an immunomodulatory chemotherapeutic agent, is now widely used in several types of malignancies including breast cancer.

L-arginine exacerbates experimental cerebral malaria by enhancing pro-inflammatory responses.

L-Arginine (L-Arg), the substrate for nitric oxide (NO) synthase, has been used to treat malaria to reverse endothelial dysfunction in adults. However, the safety and efficacy of L-Arg remains unknown in malaria patients under the age of five, who are at the greatest risk of developing cerebral malaria (CM), a severe malaria complication. Here, we tested effects of L-Arg treatment on the outcomes of CM using a mouse model.

Early treatment with chloroquine inhibits the immune response against Plasmodium yoelii infection in mice.

Chloroquine (CQ), a well-known anti-malarial drug, has long been used for the treatment of autoimmune diseases because of its profound immunomodulatory effects. However, whether this drug modifies anti-malaria immune response is still not clear. Here we studied the immunomodulatory role of CQ in a mouse model of malaria.