Keys to Unravel the Stability/Durability Issues of Platinum-Group-Metal Catalysts toward Oxygen Evolution Reaction for Acidic Water Splitting.

Proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolyzers stand as one of the foremost promising avenues for acidic water splitting and green hydrogen production, yet this electrolyzer encounters significant challenges. The primary culprit lies in not only the requirements of substantial platinum-group-metal (PGM)-based electrocatalysts (e.g.

Tailoring Escalation Adjuvant Therapy for Early-Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in the CBCSG010 Clinical Trial Biomarker Analysis.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly heterogeneous disease. The CBCSG010 trial is a prospective and multicenter phase III clinical trial confirming that adding adjuvant capecitabine significantly improved the 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate in patients with TNBC by 5.9%.

A Review on the Interaction of Acetic Acid Bacteria and Microbes in Food Fermentation: A Microbial Ecology Perspective.

In fermented foods, acetic acid bacteria (AAB), kinds of bacteria with a long history of utilization, contribute to safety, nutritional, and sensory properties primarily through acetic acid fermentation. AAB are commonly found in various fermented foods such as vinegar, sour beer, fermented cocoa and coffee beans, kefir beverages, kombucha, and sourdough. They interact and cooperate with a variety of microorganisms, resulting in the formation of diverse metabolites and the production of fermented foods with distinct flavors.

Spatio-temporal evolution mechanism and dynamic simulation of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution of the Yangtze River economic Belt in China.

Excess nitrogen and phosphorus inputs are the main causes of aquatic environmental deterioration. Accurately quantifying and dynamically assessing the regional nitrogen and phosphorus pollution emission (NPPE) loads and influencing factors is crucial for local authorities to implement and formulate refined pollution reduction management strategies. In this study, we constructed a methodological framework for evaluating the spatio-temporal evolution mechanism and dynamic simulation of NPPE.

Metagenomics profiling of the microbial community and functional differences in solid-state fermentation vinegar starter (seed ) from different Chinese regions.

Introduction: The starter used in solid-state fermentation (SSF) vinegar, known as seed is a microbial inoculant from the previous batch that is utilized during the acetic acid fermentation stage. The seed , which has a notable impact on vinegar fermentation and flavor, is under-researched with comparative studies on microorganisms.

Methods: Herein metagenomics was employed to reveal the microbes and their potential metabolic functions of four seed from three regions in China.

Optimising first-line subtyping-based therapy in triple-negative breast cancer (FUTURE-SUPER): a multi-cohort, randomised, phase 2 trial.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancers display heterogeneity in molecular drivers and immune traits. We previously classified triple-negative breast cancers into four subtypes: luminal androgen receptor (LAR), immunomodulatory, basal-like immune-suppressed (BLIS), and mesenchymal-like (MES). Here, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of subtyping-based therapy in the first-line treatment of triple-negative breast cancer.

Inhibition of ACAA1 Restrains Proliferation and Potentiates the Response to CDK4/6 Inhibitors in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Unlabelled: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer with unfavorable outcomes. Developing therapeutic targets for TNBC remains a challenge. Here, we identified that acetyl-CoA acyltransferase 1 (ACAA1) is highly expressed in the luminal androgen receptor (LAR) subtype of TNBC compared with adjacent normal tissues in our TNBC proteomics dataset.

Superenhancer drives a tumor-specific splicing variant of MARCO to promote triple-negative breast cancer progression.

The transcription variation, leading to various forms of transcripts and protein diversity, remains largely unexplored in triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs). Here, we presented a comprehensive analysis of RNA splicing in breast cancer to illustrate the biological function and clinical implications of tumor-specific transcripts (TSTs) arising from these splicing junctions. Aberrant RNA splicing or TSTs were frequently harbored in TNBC and were correlated with a poor outcome.

HSP90 N-terminal inhibitors target oncoprotein MORC2 for autophagic degradation and suppress MORC2-driven breast cancer progression.

Aims: MORC family CW-type zinc finger 2 (MORC2), a GHKL-type ATPase, is aberrantly upregulated in multiple types of human tumors with profound effects on cancer aggressiveness, therapeutic resistance, and clinical outcome, thus making it an attractive drug target for anticancer therapy. However, the antagonists of MORC2 have not yet been documented.

Methods And Results: We report that MORC2 is a relatively stable protein, and the N-terminal homodimerization but not ATP binding and hydrolysis is crucial for its stability through immunoblotting analysis and Quantitative real-time PCR.

Comprehensive metabolomics expands precision medicine for triple-negative breast cancer.

Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer. However, systematic characterizations of metabolites in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) are still lacking. Our study profiled the polar metabolome and lipidome in 330 TNBC samples and 149 paired normal breast tissues to construct a large metabolomic atlas of TNBC.

Large-scale genomic sequencing reveals adaptive opportunity of targeting mutated-PI3Kα in early and advanced HER2-positive breast cancer.

Background: Few studies have discussed the contradictory roles of mutated-PI3Kα in HER2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer. Thus, we characterised the adaptive roles of PI3Kα mutations among HER2+ tumour progression.

Methods: We conducted prospective clinical sequencing of 1923 Chinese breast cancer patients and illustrated the clinical significance of PIK3CA mutations in locally advanced and advanced HER2+ cohort.

GCH1 induces immunosuppression through metabolic reprogramming and IDO1 upregulation in triple-negative breast cancer.

Purpose: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) heavily infiltrate triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), and their accumulation is affected by the metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells. In the present study, we sought to identify cancer cell-intrinsic metabolic modulators correlating with Tregs infiltration in TNBC.

Experimental Design: Using the RNA-sequencing data from our institute (n=360) and the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium TNBC cohort (n=320), we calculated the abundance of Tregs in each sample and evaluated the correlation between gene expression levels and Tregs infiltration.

Tektin4 loss promotes triple-negative breast cancer metastasis through HDAC6-mediated tubulin deacetylation and increases sensitivity to HDAC6 inhibitor.

Progression of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) constitutes a major unresolved clinical challenge, and effective targeted therapies are lacking. Because microtubule dynamics play pivotal roles in breast cancer metastasis, we performed RNA sequencing on 245 samples from TNBC patients to characterize the landscape of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). Here, our transcriptome analyses revealed that low expression of one MAP, tektin4, indicated poor patient outcomes.

Metabolic-Pathway-Based Subtyping of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Reveals Potential Therapeutic Targets.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains an unmet medical challenge. We investigated metabolic dysregulation in TNBCs by using our multi-omics database (n = 465, the largest to date). TNBC samples were classified into three heterogeneous metabolic-pathway-based subtypes (MPSs) with distinct metabolic features: MPS1, the lipogenic subtype with upregulated lipid metabolism; MPS2, the glycolytic subtype with upregulated carbohydrate and nucleotide metabolism; and MPS3, the mixed subtype with partial pathway dysregulation.

Characterization of the genomic landscape and actionable mutations in Chinese breast cancers by clinical sequencing.

The remarkable advances in next-generation sequencing technology have enabled the wide usage of sequencing as a clinical tool. To promote the advance of precision oncology for breast cancer in China, here we report a large-scale prospective clinical sequencing program using the Fudan-BC panel, and comprehensively analyze the clinical and genomic characteristics of Chinese breast cancer. The mutational landscape of 1,134 breast cancers reveals that the most significant differences between Chinese and Western patients occurred in the hormone receptor positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative breast cancer subtype.

SYTL4 downregulates microtubule stability and confers paclitaxel resistance in triple-negative breast cancer.

Taxanes are frontline chemotherapeutic drugs for patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC); however, chemoresistance reduces their effectiveness. We hypothesized that the molecular profiling of tumor samples before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) would help identify genes associated with drug resistance. We sequenced 10 samples by RNA-seq from 8 NAC patients with TNBC: 3 patients with a pathologic complete response (pCR) and the other 5 with non-pCR.

Prognostic value of primary tumor surgery in stage IV breast cancer patients with different metastatic burdens: a propensity score-matched and population-based study.

Background: Whether primary tumor surgery should be performed in breast cancer patients with metastatic disease at diagnosis has been debated for decades. This study aims to evaluate the value of primary tumor surgery with respect to the mortality of patients with stage IV breast cancer and to define the heterogeneity of this population.

Methods: stage IV patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database (SEER) from 2010 to 2015 were included in our study.

Diagnosis and surgical management of inferior vena cava leiomyomatosis.

Objective: We aimed to review our experience in the diagnosis and surgical management of patients diagnosed with inferior vena cava leiomyomatosis (IVL).

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated all patients diagnosed with IVL between 1999 and 2015. Patient demographics, diagnostic imaging, operative techniques, and perioperative outcomes were reviewed.

Intravenous leiomyomatosis of the subclavian vein.

Intravenous leiomyomatosis is a benign smooth muscle tumor that often occurs in the internal iliac vein and is closely associated with a fibroid. Intravenous leiomyomatosis usually starts in the veins of the uterus. It can grow within the veins and extend into the inferior vena cava and ultimately extend into the right-sided heart chambers and pulmonary arteries.

[Overview and Future Thinking of Integrative Medicine].

Objective In this paper the author summarized the contents of clinical research of Chinese medicine ( CM) and Western medicine (WM) from thinking methods based on literature re- search. He believed there were two kinds of main contents: (1) Combine CM syndrome typing and WM disease identification based on clinical experiences; (2) Limit the flexibility of CM syndrome typing within recognition of WM depending on modern scientific researches, thus realizing the integration of macrosyndrome typing and micro-disease identification. Based on these contents, the author expounded future development of CM and WM from future goals, tasks, feasible ways, and specific work.

DEC2 expression is positively correlated with HIF-1 activation and the invasiveness of human osteosarcomas.

Background: Osteosarcoma is the most common malignancy of bone. HIF-1 (hypoxia-inducible factor 1) activation is critical for the metabolic reprogramming and progression of solid tumors, and DEC2 (differentiated embryonic chondrocyte gene 2) has been recently reported to suppress HIF-1 in human breast and endometrial cancers. However, the roles of HIF-1 and DEC2 in human osteosarcomas remain unclear.

GSK3β negatively regulates HIF1α mRNA stability via nucleolin in the MG63 osteosarcoma cell line.

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) is a transcription factor involved in the growth, invasion and metastasis of malignant tumors. Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) is a protein kinase involved in a variety of signaling pathways, such as the Wnt and NF-κB pathways; this kinase can affect tumor progress through the regulation of transcription factor expression and apoptosis. Recent studies showed that GSK3β was involved in the expression of HIF1α.