The symbiont Wolbachia increases resistance to bifenthrin in Ectropis grisescens by regulating the host detoxification function.

The global issue of insecticide resistance among pests is a major concern. Ectropis grisescens Warren (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), is a highly destructive leaf-eating pest distributed in tea plantations throughout China and Japan, and has exhibited resistance to various insecticides. Recent studies suggest that insect symbionts play a role in influencing insecticide resistance, however, their specific involvement in E.

Widespread presence of gut bacterium Glutamicibacter ectropisis sp. nov. confers enhanced resistance to the pesticide bifenthrin in tea pests.

The gut microbiota in Lepidopterans demonstrates variability and susceptibility to environmental influences, thereby presenting opportunities for the acquisition of novel bacterial strains. Ectropis grisescens (Warren), a notorious Lepidopteran pest, causes substantial damage to tea crops. Prolonged application usage of bifenthrin for the management of this pest has led to increased resistance.

Life history parameters of Ectropis grisescens (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) in different Wolbachia infection states.

Wolbachia, a prevalent intracellular symbiotic bacterium in insects, plays a significant role in insect biology. Ectropis grisescens (Warren; Lepidoptera: Geometridae) is a devastating chewing pest distributed in tea plantations throughout China. However, it is unclear how Wolbachia titers affect the fitness and reproduction of E.

The short-term effects of Jin's three needles in conjunction with mirror therapy on brain function in patients with upper limb disability following an ischemic stroke were evaluated using ReHo analysis.

Background: Jin's three needle (JTN) is a commonly utilized treatment for ischemic stroke in China. Mirror therapy (MT) is also gradually transitioning from treating limb discomfort to restoring motor function in the damaged limb. Investigations into the 2 treatments' mechanisms of action are still ongoing.

Enhancing the clinical value of single-phase computed tomography angiography in the assessment of collateral circulation in acute ischemic stroke: A narrative review.

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) condition assessment and clinical prognosis are significantly influenced by the compensatory state of cerebral collateral circulation. A standard clinical test known as single-phase computed tomography angiography (sCTA) is useful for quickly and accurately assessing the creation or opening of cerebral collateral circulation, which is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of AIS. To improve the clinical application of sCTA in the clinical assessment of collateral circulation, we examine the present use of sCTA in AIS in this work.

(Z, Z, Z)-3,6,9-Nonadecadiene, a potential inhibitor of sex pheromone of Grey Tea Geometrid (Lepidoptera: Geometridae): electroantennogram test, wind tunnel, and in silico study.

Sex pheromone analogs have high structural similarity to sex pheromone components. They also play a role in studying many agricultural pests. In our study, (Z, Z, Z)-3,6,9-nonadecadiene (Z3Z6Z9-19:Hy) was successfully synthesized, which is an analogue to 1 of 2 sex pheromone components of Ectropis grisescens Warren (Z, Z, Z)-3,6,9-octadecatriene (Z3Z6Z9-18:Hy), and it showed potential inhibition in experiments.

Combined multi-omics approach to analyze the flavor characteristics and formation mechanism of gabaron green tea.

Gabaron green tea (GAGT) has unique flavor and health benefits through the special anaerobic treatment. However, how this composite processing affects the aroma formation of GAGT and the regulatory mechanism was rarely reported. This study used nontargeted metabolomics and molecular sensory science to overlay screen differential metabolites and key aroma contributors.

Altitude as a key environmental factor shaping microbial communities of tea green leafhoppers ().

Host-associated microbial communities play an important role in the fitness of insect hosts. However, the factors shaping microbial communities in wild populations, including environmental factors and interactions among microbial species, remain largely unknown. The tea green leafhopper has a wide geographical distribution and is highly adaptable, providing a suitable model for studying the effect of ecological drivers on microbiomes.

Diversity and Abundance of Bacterial and Fungal Communities Inhabiting Leaf, Rhizospheric Soil, and Gut of .

is a tea leaf moth that is considered one of the most destructive pests of (tea plant). Several recent studies have shown that many insects acquire part of the microbiome from their host and soil, but the pattern and diversity of their microbiome have not been clearly demonstrated. The present study aimed to investigate the bacterial and fungal communities present in the rhizospheric soil and leaf of tea plant compared to the gut of tea moth at different developmental stages (larvae, pupae, adult female and male) using Illumina MiSeq technology.

Multiple responses optimization of antioxidative components extracted from Fenugreek seeds using response surface methodology to identify their chemical compositions.

Fenugreek seeds ( L.), one kind of traditional Chinese medicine, are reported to be of great potential as a new alternative in terms of their bioactive components. In our present study, an ultrasonic-assisted method was applied in the extraction of antioxidative components from fenugreek seeds.

(EG-Q3) in the Gut of Contributes to Host Response to Starvation Conditions.

The gut bacteria of insects play an important role in their nutrition, maintenance, and ecological adaption. is the most important leaf-feeding pest in tea gardens in China. In order to explore whether adaptation under starvation stress is related to its gut bacteria, we used a culture-independent method to compare the composition and diversity of their gut bacteria under starvation treatment.

Analysis of the Humoral Immunal Response Transcriptome of Infected by .

is a destructive masticatory pest in China's tea gardens. as microbial insecticides can effectively control larvae; however, the immune response of this insect infected by are largely unknown. Here, after isolating a highly virulent strain of from , the changes in gene expression among different tissues, including hemocytes and fat bodies, of larvae infected by the entomopathogen were investigated using transcriptome sequencing.

Strain Gri From the Tea Geometrid Moth Contributes to Its Host's Fecundity.

Members of the genus manipulate insect-host reproduction and are the most abundant bacterial endosymbionts of insects. The tea Geometrid moth (Warren) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) is the most devastating insect pest of tea plants [ (L.) O.

Destructive Extraction and Enhanced Diffusion of Phospholipids on Lipid Membranes by Phosphorene Oxide Nanosheets.

Phosphorene is a novel two-dimensional nanomaterial with a puckered surface morphology, which has broad potential application prospects in the fields of biology and medicine. Phosphorene nanosheets are easily oxidized and form phosphorene oxide (PO) in an aerobic environment, whose biological effect remains unknown. In this paper, using large-scale molecular dynamics simulations, we show that the PO nanosheets can penetrate into and destructively extract large amounts of phospholipids from the lipid membrane.

Using brain functional magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate the effectiveness of acupuncture combined with mirror therapy on upper limb function in patients with cerebral ischemic stroke: a study protocol for a randomized, controlled trial.

Background: Upper limb and hand motor dysfunction is one of the challenges in rehabilitation after cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS), and the clinical efficacy of rehabilitation needs to be improved. This study aims to combine Jin's three-needle acupuncture (JTN) therapy with mirror therapy (MT) for hemiplegia after CIS, objectively evaluate the clinical effects and safety of JTN to treat upper limb dysfunction, and use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the brain to investigate the central mechanisms of the effects, which would provide a powerful evidence-based medical basis for further supporting the application of JTN combined with MT.

Methods/design: This trial will be a single-blind, randomized controlled study.

Association between ABO blood group status and cochlear/neural function: auditory brainstem response findings.

Background: ABO blood group status may be a risk factor for some diseases, including hearing loss. Individuals with blood group O show a higher prevalence of hearing loss after industrial noise exposure. Group O individuals with normal hearing show reduced amplitudes in otoacoustic emission recordings.

Temporal and spatial pattern of endophytic fungi diversity of Camellia sinensis (cv. Shu Cha Zao).

Background: The experimental materials were a 60-year-old tea tree (Camellia sinensis cv. Shu Cha Zao; SCZ) (the mother plant) and 1-year-old and 20-year-old plants of SCZ that originated as mother plant cuttings. The aim of this study was to use high-throughput sequencing to study the spatial and dynamic distribution of endophytic fungi in different leaf niches (upper leaves, middle leaves, lower leaves) and rhizosphere soil on tea plants of different ages in the same garden.

Fluoride absorption, transportation and tolerance mechanism in Camellia sinensis, and its bioavailability and health risk assessment: a systematic review.

Tea is the one of the most popular non-alcoholic caffeinated beverages in the world. Tea is produced from the tea plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) O.

Correction: Analysis of the Antennal Transcriptome and Insights into Olfactory Genes in Hyphantria cunea (Drury).

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Alteration of local and systemic amino acids metabolism for the inducible defense in tea plant (Camellia sinensis) in response to leaf herbivory by Ectropis oblique.

Leaf herbivory on tea plants (Camellia sinensis) by tea geometrids (Ectropis oblique) can cause severe yield loss and quality damage for tea. In previous work, we discovered that leaf herbivory triggered systemic carbon depletion in undamaged roots to enhance resource investment for local defense induced in damaged leaves. Here, we investigated the dynamics of amino acids in the local and systemic responses and the roles of nitrogen resource reallocation for the inducible defense in tea plants in response to leaf herbivory.

Directional extraction and penetration of phosphorene nanosheets to cell membranes.

Recently, phosphorene, a novel two-dimensional nanomaterial with a puckered surface morphology, was shown to exhibit cytotoxicity, but its underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Herein, using large scale molecular dynamics simulations, we show that phosphorene nanosheets can penetrate into and extract large amounts of phospholipids from the cell membranes due to the strong dispersion interaction between phosphorene and lipid molecules, which would reduce cell viability. The extracted phospholipid molecules are aligned along the wrinkle direction of the phosphorene nanosheet because of its unique puckered structure.

Positive Effects of the Tea Catechin, (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate, on Gut Prophenoloxidase and the Survival of Ectropis obliqua (Lepidoptera: Geometridae).

Ectropis obliqua Prout is the main pest of the tea plant Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze in China, affecting an annual area of more than one million acres.

Positive effects of the tea catechin (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate on gut bacteria and fitness of Ectropis obliqua Prout (Lepidoptera: Geometridae).

Ectropis obliqua Prout (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) is the most devastating insect pest of tea plants in China and infests thousands of hectares of tea plantations in China annually. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a major phenolic compound in tea leaves and has a strong antibacterial function. Here, we show that EGCG can effectively improve the fitness of E.

The proposed biosynthesis of procyanidins by the comparative chemical analysis of five Camellia species using LC-MS.

The genus Camellia (C.) contains many species, including C. sinensis, C.

Analysis of the Antennal Transcriptome and Insights into Olfactory Genes in Hyphantria cunea (Drury).

Hyphantria cunea (Drury) (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) is an invasive insect pest which, in China, causes unprecedented damage and economic losses due to its extreme fecundity and wide host range, including forest and shade trees, and even crops. Compared to the better known lepidopteran species which use Type-I pheromones, little is known at the molecular level about the olfactory mechanisms of host location and mate choice in H. cunea, a species using Type-II lepidopteran pheromones.