Incident infection risks depending on oral antidiabetic exposure in insulin-treated type 2 diabetes patients.

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4is) and sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) have been speculated to have a potential to increase infection risks in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. We performed a cohort study using the Korean health insurance data to investigate infection risks with each drug class relative to metformin in insulin-treated T2DM patients. After propensity score matching, we included 1,498 and 749 patients in DPP4i + insulin vs metformin + insulin and 300 and 549 patients in SGLT2i + insulin vs metformin + insulin, respectively.