Untargeted Metabolomics Approach for the Discovery of Salinity-Related Alkaloids in a Stony Coral-Derived Fungus .

As a part of the important species that form coral reef ecosystems, stony corals have become a potential source of pharmacologically active lead compounds for an increasing number of compounds with novel chemical structures and strong biological activity. In this study, the secondary metabolites and biological activities are reported for C21-1, an epiphytic fungus acquired from collected from Xuwen Coral Reef Nature Reserve, China. This strain was cultured in potato dextrose broth (PDB) media and rice media with different salinities based on the OSMAC strategy.

Quinolinones Alkaloids with AChE Inhibitory Activity from Mangrove Endophytic Fungus Penicillium citrinum YX-002.

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity-guided studies on the mangrove-derived endophytic fungus Penicillium citrinum YX-002 led to the isolation of nine secondary metabolites, including one new quinolinone derivative, quinolactone A (1), a pair of epimers quinolactacin C1 (2) and 3-epi-quinolactacin C1 (3), together with six known analogs (4-9). Their structures were elucidated based on extensive mass spectrometry (MS) and 1D/2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic analyses, and compared with data in the literature. The absolute configurations of compounds 1-3 was determined by combination of electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations and X-Ray single crystal diffraction technique using CuK radiation.

Source profiles and emission factors of organic and inorganic species in fine particles emitted from the ultra-low emission power plant and typical industries.

Accurate source markers, source profiles and species-based emission factors (EFs) are currently the key limitations for source apportionment and emission inventory researches. Fine particles (PM) were collected from stack gases of eight types of stationary sources with a dilution sampling system. The mass percentages and EFs of 89 kinds of chemical species in PM including water-soluble ions, elements, carbonaceous species and molecular organic species were obtained.

Temperature dependence of source profiles for volatile organic compounds from typical volatile emission sources.

Source profiles of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from the evaporation of various fuels, industrial raw materials, processes and products are still limited in China. The impact of ambient temperature on the VOC released from these fugitive emission sources has also been rarely reported. In order to establish VOC source profiles for thirteen volatile emission sources, a sampling campaign was conducted in Central China, and five types of sources were investigated both in winter and summer.

Size-segregated carbonaceous aerosols emission from typical vehicles and potential depositions in the human respiratory system.

Particles emitted from five typical types of vehicles (including light-duty gasoline vehicles, LDG; heavy-duty gasoline vehicles, HDG; diesel buses, BUS; light-duty diesel vehicles, LDD and heavy-duty diesel vehicles, HDD) were collected with a dilution sampling system and an electrical low-pressure impactor (ELPI+, with particle sizes covering fourteen stages from 6 nm to 10 μm) on dynamometer benches. The mass concentrations and emission factors (EF) for organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) were obtained with a DRI Model 2001 thermal/optical carbon analyzer. A respiratory deposition model was used to calculate the deposition fluxes of size-segregated carbonaceous aerosols in human respiratory system.