High Plasma Levels of S-adenosylhomocysteine is Related with the Risk of All-cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease.

Aims: Plasma S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) level is positively associated with cardiovascular risk. However, the relationship between plasma SAH levels and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality remains unknown. This study aimed to explore the relationship between plasma SAH levels and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).

miR-221/222 induce instability of p53 By downregulating deubiquitinase YOD1 in acute myeloid leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological malignancy characterized by the impaired differentiation and uncontrolled proliferation of myeloid blasts. Tumor suppressor p53 is often downregulated in AML cells via ubiquitination-mediated degradation. While the role of E3 ligase MDM2 in p53 ubiquitination is well-accepted, little is known about the involvement of deubiquitinases (DUBs).

Stigmasterol Protects Against Steatohepatitis Induced by High-Fat and High-Cholesterol Diet in Mice by Enhancing the Alternative Bile Acid Synthesis Pathway.

Background: Hepatic cholesterol accumulation is a significant risk factor in the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to steatohepatitis. However, the precise mechanism by which stigmasterol (STG) mitigates this process remains unclear.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the potential mechanism underlying the protective effect of STG in mice with NAFLD progressing to steatohepatitis while being fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet.

Intermittent Fasting Alleviates Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis by Regulating Bile Acid Metabolism and Promoting Fecal Bile Acid Excretion in High-Fat and High-Cholesterol Diet Fed Mice.

Scope: Intermittent fasting (IF) has a protective role across a wide range of chronic disorders, including obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, but its protection against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is still lacking. This study seeks to investigate how IF alleviates NASH by regulating gut microbiota and bile acids (BAs) composition.

Methods And Results: Male C57BL/6 mice are fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet for 16 weeks to establish a NASH model.

The oncogenic roles and clinical implications of YAP/TAZ in breast cancer.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed form of cancer and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) are homologous transcriptional coactivators and downstream effectors of Hippo signalling. YAP/TAZ activation has been revealed to play essential roles in multiple events of BC development, including tumour initiation, progression, metastasis, drug resistance and stemness regulations.

Tyrosine kinase SRC-induced YAP1-KLF5 module regulates cancer stemness and metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer.

SRC is the first identified oncogene, and its aberrant activation has been implicated as a driving event in tumor initiation and progression. However, its role in cancer stemness regulation and the underlying regulatory mechanism are still elusive. Here, we identified a YAP1 tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent YAP1-KLF5 oncogenic module, as the key downstream mediator of SRC kinase regulating cancer stemness and metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).

Dietary betaine intake and risk of mortality in patients with coronary artery disease: the prospective Guangdong Coronary Artery Disease Cohort.

This study is designed to explore the association between dietary betaine intake and risk of all-cause and cardiovascular death in patients with coronary artery diseases (CAD). In this cohort study, 1292 patients with CAD were followed up for a median of 9·2 years. Baseline dietary betaine intake was collected using a paper-based semi-quantitative FFQ and assessed according to the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) database and the data of betaine in common foods.

Epigenetic Upregulation of H19 and AMPK Inhibition Concurrently Contribute to S-Adenosylhomocysteine Hydrolase Deficiency-Promoted Atherosclerotic Calcification.

Background: S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) is a risk factor of cardiovascular disease; inhibition of SAH hydrolase (SAHH) results in SAH accumulation and induces endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. However, the effect and mechanism of SAHH in atherosclerotic calcification is still unclear. We aimed to explore the role and mechanism of SAHH in atherosclerotic calcification.

Betaine Supplementation Attenuates S-Adenosylhomocysteine Hydrolase-Deficiency-Accelerated Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice.

S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) is a risk factor of cardiovascular diseases and atherosclerosis. However, the causal association between SAH and atherosclerosis is still uncertain. In the present study, heterozygous SAH hydrolase (SAHH) knockout mice were bred with apolipoprotein E-deficient mice to produce ApoE/SAHH mice.

Association between plasma S-adenosylmethionine and risk of mortality in patients with coronary artery disease: A cohort study.

Background: S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as methyl donors participates in methylation and is converted into S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), which is a precursor of homocysteine. Increased plasma SAH and homocysteine are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the relation of plasma SAM with cardiovascular risk is still unclear.

Epigenetic regulation of TXNIP-mediated oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation contributes to SAHH inhibition-aggravated diabetic nephropathy.

S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) is hydrolyzed by SAH hydrolase (SAHH) to homocysteine and adenosine. Increased plasma SAH levels were associated with disturbed renal function in patients with diabetes. However, the role and mechanism of SAHH in diabetic nephropathy is still unknown.

[Establishment of mouse lung cancer model induced by benzo[a]pyrene dynamic inhalation exposure].

Objective: To establish a mouse lung cancer model induced by benzo[a]pyrene(B[a]P) dynamic inhalation exposure.

Methods: A total of 96 C57 BL/6 J mice weighing 18 to 20 g were randomly divided into the control group(n=48)and the experimental group(n=48), male and female in half. The experimental group was treated with 10.

Development of an ORF45-Derived Peptide To Inhibit the Sustained RSK Activation and Lytic Replication of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus.

The lytic replication of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) requires sustained extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) activation, which is induced by an immediate early (IE) gene-encoded tegument protein called ORF45, to promote the late transcription and translation of viral lytic genes. An ORF45-null or single-point F66A mutation in ORF45 abolishes ORF45-RSK interaction and sustained ERK-RSK activation during lytic reactivation and subsequently results in a significant decrease in late lytic gene expression and virion production, indicating that ORF45-mediated RSK activation plays a critical role in KSHV lytic replication. Here, we demonstrate that a short ORF45-derived peptide in the RSK-binding region is sufficient for disrupting ORF45-RSK interaction, consequently suppressing lytic gene expression and virion production.

Inhibition of S-Adenosylhomocysteine Hydrolase Induces Endothelial Dysfunction via Epigenetic Regulation of p66shc-Mediated Oxidative Stress Pathway.

Background: Elevated levels of S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), the precursor of homocysteine, are positively associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease and with the development and progression of atherosclerosis. However, the role of SAH in endothelial dysfunction is unclear.

Methods: Apolipoprotein E-deficient ( apoE) mice received dietary supplementation with the SAH hydrolase (SAHH) inhibitor adenosine dialdehyde or were intravenously injected with a retrovirus expressing SAHH shRNA.

Iron metabolism and its association with dyslipidemia risk in children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Information on the association between iron metabolism and dyslipidaemia in children is limited. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the iron metabolic status of children with different body mass index (BMI) and to examine the association between iron metabolism and dyslipidaemia risk.

Method: In total, 1866 children and adolescents aged 7-18 were enrolled in this study, including 912 boys and 954 girls.

Associations between dietary patterns and the risk of breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Background: Epidemiologic evidence suggests that certain dietary patterns were associated with breast cancer risk, but the results have been inconclusive. We assessed the associations between different dietary patterns and the risk of breast cancer by conducting a meta-analysis of observational studies.

Methods: Relevant articles were searched in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases through September 2017.

Curcumin Inhibits Acute Vascular Inflammation through the Activation of Heme Oxygenase-1.

Curcumin has several therapeutic properties such as anti-inflammatory effect. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has been showed to have cytoprotective effects in some pathological conditions. However, the role of HO-1 in anti-inflammatory effect of curcumin is unknown.

Association between whole grain intake and breast cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Background: Epidemiological studies have found that high whole grain intake may be associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer. However, the evidence has not been consistent. We conducted a meta-analysis to quantitatively assess the association between whole grain intake and breast cancer risk.

Effects of nut consumption on selected inflammatory markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have assessed the effects of nut consumption on inflammatory markers. However, the results have been inconsistent. The aim of this meta-analysis of RCTs was to quantitatively evaluate the effects of nut consumption on selected inflammatory markers.

Effect of nut consumption on vascular endothelial function: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: nut consumption has consistently been found to be associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and mortality in prospective studies. However, its effect on endothelial function, a prognostic marker of CVD, is still controversial in clinical trials. This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed to quantitatively assess the effect of nuts on vascular endothelial function.

Circulating Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 (PCSK9) Concentration and Risk of Cardiovascular Events - Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies.

Background: Previous studies have not found a consistent association between circulating proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and the risk of cardiovascular events. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate this association in prospective studies.Methods and Results:A systematic search of prospective studies published through October 2016 was carried out in order to identify studies that met pre-specified inclusion criteria.

Role of S-adenosylhomocysteine in cardiovascular disease and its potential epigenetic mechanism.

Transmethylation reactions utilize S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor and are central to the regulation of many biological processes: more than fifty SAM-dependent methyltransferases methylate a broad spectrum of cellular compounds including DNA, histones, phospholipids and other small molecules. Common to all SAM-dependent transmethylation reactions is the release of the potent inhibitor S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) as a by-product. SAH is reversibly hydrolyzed to adenosine and homocysteine by SAH hydrolase.

Increased plasma S-adenosylhomocysteine-accelerated atherosclerosis is associated with epigenetic regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress in apoE-/- mice.

Objective: S-Adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) is a better predictor of cardiovascular disease than homocysteine is, and it has been implicated in mediating the pathogenicity of hyperhomocysteinemia in atherosclerosis via an epigenetic mechanism. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis whether the effect of SAH on atherosclerosis is involved in epigenetic regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress.