Enhanced Far-Field Thermal Radiation through a Polaritonic Waveguide.

We experimentally demonstrate the enhancement of the far-field thermal radiation between two nonabsorbent Si microplates coated with energy-absorbent silicon dioxide (SiO_{2}) nanolayers supporting the propagation of surface phonon polaritons. By measuring the radiative thermal conductance between two coated Si plates, we find that its values are twice those obtained without the SiO_{2} coating. This twofold increase results from the hybridization of polaritons with guided modes inside Si and is well predicted by fluctuational electrodynamics and an analytical model based on a two-dimensional density of polariton states.

Configurable swellability of hydrogel microstructure for structural-color-based imaging concealment/encryption.

Optical information concealment/encryption technologies are of great importance to structural color applications. Although a series of responsive materials have been developed for dynamic structural color, the shortcomings of the high-quality synthesis process, the complex controlling method, and the low-resolution capability limit their practical use. Herein, we proposed a novel strategy of humidity-driven structural-color-based imaging concealment/encryption by utilizing metal-hydrogel-metal (MHM) nanocavities with configurable swellablity response to humidity change.

Observation of phonon Poiseuille flow in isotopically purified graphite ribbons.

In recent times, the unique collective transport physics of phonon hydrodynamics motivates theoreticians and experimentalists to explore it in micro- and nanoscale and at elevated temperatures. Graphitic materials have been predicted to facilitate hydrodynamic heat transport with their intrinsically strong normal scattering. However, owing to the experimental difficulties and vague theoretical understanding, the observation of phonon Poiseuille flow in graphitic systems remains challenging.

Epithelium-derived cystatin SN inhibits house dust mite protease activity in allergic asthma.

Background: Allergen source-derived proteases are a critical factor in the formation and development of asthma. The cysteine protease activity of house dust mite (HDM) disrupts the epithelial barrier function. The expression of cystatin SN (CST1) is elevated in asthma epithelium.

Impact of nanopillars on phonon dispersion and thermal conductivity of silicon membranes.

The performance of silicon-based thermoelectric energy generators is limited by the high thermal conductivity of silicon. Theoretical works have long proposed reducing the thermal conductivity by resonant phonon modes in nanopillars placed on the surface of silicon films. However, these predictions have never been confirmed due to the difficulty in the nanofabrication and measurements of such nanoscale systems.

Selenium alleviates cadmium-induced mitophagy through FUNDC1-mediated mitochondrial quality control pathway in the lungs of sheep.

Cadmium (Cd) is a poisonous metal element that causes mitochondrial dysfunction. Selenium (Se) can reduce the damage of Cd to various organs of animals, but the protective mechanism of Se in Cd-induced lung injury has not been fully elucidated. For purpose of further illustrating the specific mechanism of Se alleviated Cd-triggered pulmonary toxicity, 48 sheep were divided into 4 groups, of which the sheep in the treatment group were taken 1 mg/kg body weight (BW) of Cd, 0.

Phase transition in V-doped cobalt hydroxide for a superior alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction.

Herein, V-doped cobalt hydroxides grown on carbon cloth (V-Co(OH)/CC) were prepared hydrothermal method. The incorporation of V can trigger phase transition and tune the local electronic structure of Co(OH), thereby improving the intrinsic alkaline HER activity. We find that the V-Co(OH) dominated by β-Co(OH) exhibits excellent HER activity with only 83 mV overpotential at a current density of 10 mA cm, which outperforms most reported hydroxide-based catalysts and even surpasses the commercial Pt/C at large current density (>160 mA cm).

Langerin-expressing dendritic cells in pulmonary immune-related diseases.

Dendritic cells (DCs) are "frontline" immune cells dedicated to antigen presentation. They serve as an important bridge connecting innate and adaptive immunity, and express various receptors for antigen capture. DCs are divided into various subclasses according to their differential expression of cell surface receptors and different subclasses of DCs exhibit specific immunological characteristics.

Near-isotropic polariton heat transport along a polar anisotropic nanofilm.

The heat transport of surface phonon-polaritons propagating along a polar uniaxial anisotropic nanofilm is studied for different orientations of its optical axis, film thicknesses, and temperatures. For an hBN nanofilm, it is shown that i) the propagation of polaritons can be described in terms of even and odd modes that generalize the transverse magnetic and transverse electrical ones that typically appear in isotropic films. ii) The frequency spectrum of polaritons can efficiently be tuned with the angle between the film optical axis and their propagation direction.

Performance of a Mid-Infrared Sensor for Simultaneous Trace Detection of Atmospheric CO and NO Based on PSO-KELM.

In this article, a field deployable sensor was developed using a self-developed 4.58-µm continuous wave quantum cascade laser (CW-QCL) for the simultaneous detection of carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrous oxide (NO), both of which have strong fundamental absorption bands in this waveband. The sensor is based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) technology, which combined a multi-pass gas cell (MPGC) with a 41 m optical path length to achieve high-precision detection.

Effects of compound probiotics on intestinal barrier function and caecum microbiota composition of broilers.

Probiotics are beneficial microorganisms existing in nature and animals and can be used in livestock and poultry breeding. Here, 240 1-day-old Arbor Acre (AA) broilers were used to study the effects of compound probiotics (CP) on antioxidant capacity, intestinal barrier function and caecum microorganisms. 2‰, 3‰ or 4‰ CP were added to the basal diet.

A Pancancer Study of PIEZO1 as a Prognosis and Immune Biomarker of Human Tumors.

PIEZO1, a mechanosensitive ion channel protein, has been identified in the correlation between several cancers. However, the systematic pancancer study of PIEZO1 still lacks. We examined PIEZO1 across thirty-three types of cancers to explore its role in prognosis and immunological function for the first time.

Protonated cross-linkable nanocomposite coatings with outstanding underwater superoleophobic and anti-viscous oil-fouling properties for crude oil/water separation.

Superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic coatings that effectively prevent viscous oil contamination have been of considerable interest for the great potential in oil spill remediation and oilfield wastewater treatment. In the present work, a protonated cross-linkable nanocomposite coating with robust underwater superoleophobicity and intensified hydration capability is proposed through the synthesis of active polymeric nanocomplex (PNC), cross-linking reaction between PNC and hydrophilic chitosan (CS), and final protonation to further improve water affinity. Benefiting from the hierarchical structure and strong hydration capability induced by electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bondings, the nanocomposite coating coated textile exhibits excellent superhydrophilicity (within 0.

Selenium alleviates cadmium-induced aging via mitochondrial quality control in the livers of sheep.

Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal with toxicity that induces mitochondrial dysfunction and aging, and selenium (Se) can alleviate its toxicity. However, the underlying mechanism of Se alleviating Cd-induced aging in sheep livers deserves further study. This study was to explore the protective mechanism of Se on the Cd-induced aging in the livers of sheep.

Compound probiotics alleviate cadmium-induced intestinal dysfunction and microbiota disorders in broilers.

Cadmium (Cd), a common environmental pollutant, seriously threatens the health of intestine. This research aimed to investigate the effects of compound probiotics (CP) on intestinal dysfunction and cecal microbiota dysregulation induced by Cd in broilers. A total of 240 1-day-old Arbor Acre (AA) broilers were randomly assigned to four groups.

Molybdenum and Cadmium Co-induce Mitochondrial Quality Control Disorder FUNDC1-Mediated Mitophagy in Sheep Kidney.

Molybdenum (Mo), fundamental trace mineral for animals and plants, but undue Mo damages animal health. Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal that exists in the environment. Nevertheless, the mechanism of Mo and Cd on mitochondrial quality control are still indistinct.

Electronic Interaction between In Situ Formed RuO Clusters and a Nanoporous ZnVO Support and Its Use in the Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

The catalytic activity and durability of RuO clusters toward the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are strongly associated with their support; however, how the electronic interaction would enhance the catalytic performance is still not quite clear. Herein, hierarchical nanoporous and single-crystal ZnVO nanosheets are adopted to anchor in situ formed RuO clusters. X-ray photoelectron analysis reveals significant binding energy changes of both Ru and V due to the creation of strong Ru-O-V bonding interaction, which would lead to the reconstruction of the electronic structure of the ZnVO matrix and RuO clusters.

A novel diagnostic signature based on three circulating exosomal mircoRNAs for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Exosomal microRNAs (exo-miRNAs or miRs) have demonstrated diagnostic value in various diseases. However, their diagnostic value in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has yet to be fully established. The purpose of the present study was to screen differentially expressed exo-miRNAs in the plasma of patients with COPD and healthy individuals and to evaluate their potential diagnostic value in COPD.

Combination Processing Method Reduced IgE-Binding Activity of by Modifying Lysine, Arginine, and Cysteine on Multiple Allergen Epitopes.

Allergic reactions occur after the whole food is ingested, rather than the purified allergen. The present study explores the low-allergenic food processing for by analysis of macrostructure, digestibility, and immunoreactivity. Furthermore, the presence of modified amino acids on the reported IgE epitopes was analyzed by mass spectrometry.

Effects of thermal processing on the allergenicity, structure, and critical epitope amino acids of crab tropomyosin.

Food processing can change the structure and immunoreactivity of purified allergens, but the effect of food processing on the immunoreactivity of the processed and purified allergen is still poorly understood. In this study, tropomyosin (TM) was obtained from Scylla paramamosain and purified after different treatments. A basophil activation test was employed to detect the allergenicity of allergens.

Epithelial expression and role of secreted STC1 on asthma airway hyperresponsiveness through calcium channel modulation.

Background: Asthma is characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), inflammation, and airway remodeling. Airway hyperresponsiveness results from enhanced airway smooth muscle (ASM) contraction potentially under the control of an epithelium-derived relaxing factor (EpDRF). However, relatively rare is known about EpDRF.

High Surface Phonon-Polariton in-Plane Thermal Conductance along Coupled Films.

Surface phonon-polaritons (SPhPs) are evanescent electromagnetic waves that can propagate distances orders of magnitude longer than the typical mean free paths of phonons and electrons. Therefore, they are expected to be powerful heat carriers capable of significantly enhancing the in-plane thermal conductance of polar nanostructures. In this work, we show that a SiO 2 /Si (10 μ m thick)/SiO 2 layered structure efficiently enhances the SPhP heat transport, such that its in-plane thermal conductance is ten times higher than the corresponding one of a single SiO 2 film, due to the coupling of SPhPs propagating along both of its polar SiO 2 nanolayers.

ICH M9 Guideline in Development on Biopharmaceutics Classification System-Based Biowaivers: An Industrial Perspective from the IQ Consortium.

In October 2016, the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) ICH began efforts to provide recommendations to harmonize guidances for biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS)-based biowaivers. Topics to be addressed included consideration of the dose used to classify solubility, tests, and criteria for establishing highly permeable, dissolution conditions, the influence of excipients, and aspects of product strength. The International Consortium for Innovation and Quality in Pharmaceutical Development (IQ) is a technically focused organization of pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies with a mission of advancing science and technology to augment the capability of member companies to develop transformational solutions that benefit patients, regulators, and the broader R&D community.

Effects of long-term macrolide therapy at low doses in stable COPD.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is currently the fourth largest fatal disease in the world, and is expected to rise to third place by 2020. Frequent acute exacerbations lead to increased mortality. Some suggestions for prophylactic use of macrolides in preventing COPD exacerbations have been raised, but there are still several issues that need to be addressed, such as target population, the course of treatment, therapeutic dose, and so on.

[Determination of five aminoglycoside residues in honey using mixed-mode ion exchange liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].

A method using mixed-mode ion exchange liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was developed for the determination of streptomycin, dihydrostreptomycin, spectinomycin, kanamycin and amikacin in honey. The honey samples were extracted with phosphate followed by clean-up with SupelMIP Aminoglycosides SPE cartridges. The separation was performed on an SIELC Obelisc R column (100 mm×2.