Anti-arthritic effects of polyunsaturated fatty acid rich supplementation combined with selective soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors in a collagen-induced arthritis mouse model.

Objectives: Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are healthy fats that contain a double carbon bond. They are made up of omega (ω)-3 and ω-6 PUFAs, where ω-3 PUFAs exhibit beneficial effects, such as the suppression of cardiovascular events and the improvement of abnormal lipid metabolism. Though, their effects on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are unclear.

Crystal structure of the endogenous agonist-bound prostanoid receptor EP3.

Prostanoids are a series of bioactive lipid metabolites that function in an autacoid manner via activation of cognate G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Here, we report the crystal structure of human prostaglandin (PG) E receptor subtype EP3 bound to endogenous ligand PGE at 2.90 Å resolution.

Gpr176 is a Gz-linked orphan G-protein-coupled receptor that sets the pace of circadian behaviour.

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) participate in a broad range of physiological functions. A priority for fundamental and clinical research, therefore, is to decipher the function of over 140 remaining orphan GPCRs. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the brain's circadian pacemaker, governs daily rhythms in behaviour and physiology.

Isoform-specific monoclonal antibodies against 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/isomerase family provide markers for subclassification of human primary aldosteronism.

Context: Therapeutic management of primary aldosteronism requires accurate differentiation between aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA). However, little is known about the molecular features that delineate the difference between APA and IHA. Two different isoforms of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD3B1 and HSD3B2) are thought to be expressed in the human adrenal gland, but the lack of isoform-specific antibody has so far hampered mapping of these isoforms in APA and IHA.

Immunolocalization of murine type VI 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the adrenal gland, testis, skin, and placenta.

The enzyme 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/isomerase (3β-HSD) is essential for the biosynthesis of all active steroid hormones, such as those secreted from the adrenal gland, testis, ovary, skin and placenta. The 3β-HSD enzymes exist in multiple isoforms in humans and rodents. To date, six different isoforms have been identified in the mouse, and these isoforms are speculated to play different roles in different tissues.