The impact of age at diagnosis on central lymph node metastasis in clinically low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma patients.

Background: Age is an independent risk factor for central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in clinically negative lymph node (cN0) papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) patients. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of age on CLNM in clinically low-risk PTMC patients.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on patients with clinically low-risk PTMC who underwent surgery between January 2016 and December 2018.

Treatment response of patients with tuberculosis and HIV co-infection: a retrospective analysis of secondary data from Shanghai, China, 2010-2020.

Background: At present, there is a need for more substantial real-world evidence on the factors influencing the effectiveness of tuberculosis (TB) treatment in HIV/TB co-infected patients.

Objectives: This retrospective study aims to identify factors affecting TB treatment effectiveness in HIV/TB co-infected patients.

Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study.

Thienopyrimidine: A promising scaffold in the development of kinase inhibitors with anticancer activities.

Protein kinases represent a highly promising drug target, with over 80 drugs that target about two dozen different protein kinases have been approved by the US FDA, particularly in cancer treatment. Over the past decades, the unique structural characteristics of the thienopyrimidine ring system provide an adaptive platform for designing potent anticancer agents, especially various kinase inhibitors, which has attracted widespread attention. Some of these thienopyrimidines as anticancer kinase inhibitors have already been marketed or are currently undergoing clinical/preclinical studies for the treatment of cancers, such as Olmutinib, Pictilisib, SNS-314, PF-03758309, and Fimepinostat, highlighting the substantial advantages of the thienopyrimidine scaffold in the discovery of anticancer agents.

HMGB1 Encapsulated in Podocyte-Derived Exosomes Plays a Central Role in Glomerular Endothelial Cell Injury in Lupus Nephritis by Regulating TRIM27 Expression.

Exosomes play a role in cell communication by transporting content between cells. Here, we tested whether renal podocyte-derived exosomes affect the injury of glomerular endothelial cells in lupus nephritis (LN). We found that exosomes containing high levels of high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) were released from podocytes in patients with LN, BALB/c mice injected with pristane (which induces lupus-like disease in mice), and cultured human renal glomerular endothelial cells (HRGECs) treated with LN plasma.

The necessity of thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression therapy for low-risk differentiated thyroid carcinoma following hemithyroidectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Objective: Thyroidectomy, followed by postoperative thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) suppression therapy, is the established therapeutic approach for low-risk differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). Recently, there has been a growing body of research dedicated to postoperative TSH suppression therapy in low-risk DTC. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive literature review concerning the necessity of TSH suppression therapy in DTC after hemithyroidectomy.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of N-benzylaryl cinnamide derivatives as tubulin polymerization inhibitors capable of promoting YAP degradation with potent anti-gastric cancer activities.

In this work, we utilized the N-benzylaryl derivative 9 as a lead compound and employed the molecular hybridization strategy by introducing cinnamoyl fragments to successfully design and synthesize 33 novel N-benzylaryl cinnamide derivatives 15a∼15 ag. The in vitro antiproliferative activities were explored, and the preliminary analysis and summary of their structure-activity relationship were conducted. The majority of the compounds demonstrated significant inhibitory potency on MGC-803, HCT-116 and KYSE450 cells with IC values below 0.

The U-shaped association between age at diagnosis and recurrence in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma: A retrospective single-institution cohort study.

Purpose: Age is a significant predictor of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). At present, the available evidence shows that age at diagnosis has an important impact on the recurrence of PTC. The objective of our investigation was to examine the relationship between age at diagnosis and recurrence in patients with PTC.

Profiling cell identity and tissue architecture with single-cell and spatial transcriptomics.

Single-cell transcriptomics has broadened our understanding of cellular diversity and gene expression dynamics in healthy and diseased tissues. Recently, spatial transcriptomics has emerged as a tool to contextualize single cells in multicellular neighbourhoods and to identify spatially recurrent phenotypes, or ecotypes. These technologies have generated vast datasets with targeted-transcriptome and whole-transcriptome profiles of hundreds to millions of cells.

Fluorescent, multifunctional anti-counterfeiting, fast response electrophoretic display based on TiO/CsPbBr composite particles.

Traditional optical anti-counterfeiting (AC) is achieved by static printed images, which makes them susceptible to lower levels of security and easier replication. Therefore, it is essential to develop AC device with dynamic modulation for higher security. Electrophoretic display (EPD) has the advantages of low power consumption, high ambient contrast ratio, and capability of showing dynamic images which is suitable for dynamic AC applications.

A comparison of scRNA-seq annotation methods based on experimentally labeled immune cell subtype dataset.

Cell-type annotation is a critical step in single-cell data analysis. With the development of numerous cell annotation methods, it is necessary to evaluate these methods to help researchers use them effectively. Reference datasets are essential for evaluation, but currently, the cell labels of reference datasets mainly come from computational methods, which may have computational biases and may not reflect the actual cell-type outcomes.

Targeting focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in cancer therapy: A recent update on inhibitors and PROTAC degraders.

Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is considered as a pivotal intracellular non-receptor tyrosine kinase, and has garnered significant attention as a promising target for anticancer drug development. As of early 2024, a total of 12 drugs targeting FAK have been approved for clinical or preclinical studies worldwide, including three PROTAC degraders. In recent three years (2021-2023), significant progress has been made in designing targeted FAK anticancer agents, including the development of a novel benzenesulfofurazan type NO-releasing FAK inhibitor and the first-in-class dual-target inhibitors simultaneously targeting FAK and HDACs.

Two nomograms constructed for predicting the efficacy and prognosis of advanced non‑small cell lung cancer patients treated with anti‑PD‑1 inhibitors based on the absolute counts of lymphocyte subsets.

Background: Patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are at risk of considerable adverse events, and the ongoing struggle is to accurately identify the subset of patients who will benefit. Lymphocyte subsets play a pivotal role in the antitumor response, this study attempted to combine the absolute counts of lymphocyte subsets (ACLS) with the clinicopathological parameters to construct nomograms to accurately predict the prognosis of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC) patients treated with anti-PD-1 inhibitors.

Methods: This retrospective study included a training cohort (n = 200) and validation cohort (n = 100) with aNSCLC patients treated with anti-PD-1 inhibitors.

Cation-Modified Poly(vinyl alcohol) Film to Optimize the Bistability of Transparent Electrophoretic Display Based on Charge Adsorption Behavior in Nonpolar Solvent.

Electrophoretic displays (EPDs) utilize the electrophoretic particles in electronic ink (e-ink) to display different color states with bistability. Bistability of EPDs is achieved by placing colloidal particles in a highly viscous solvent to keep the distribution of colloidal particles stable without sustaining the external field, so it only consumes power when updating the image. The feature of low power consumption makes it suitable for applications such as advertising boards, price tags, etc.

An atlas of epithelial cell states and plasticity in lung adenocarcinoma.

Understanding the cellular processes that underlie early lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) development is needed to devise intervention strategies. Here we studied 246,102 single epithelial cells from 16 early-stage LUADs and 47 matched normal lung samples. Epithelial cells comprised diverse normal and cancer cell states, and diversity among cancer cells was strongly linked to LUAD-specific oncogenic drivers.

Experimental Investigation of the Size Effect on Roller-Compacted Hydraulic Asphalt Concrete under Different Strain Rates of Loading.

Asphalt concrete is widely used in hydraulic structure facilities as an impermeable structure in alpine cold regions, and its dynamic mechanical properties are influenced by the strain rate and specimen size. However, the specimen size has an important effect on mechanical properties; few systematic studies have investigated on the size effect of hydraulic asphalt concrete (HAC) under dynamic or static loading rates. In the present study, four sizes of cylindrical roller-compacted hydraulic asphalt concrete (RCHAC) specimens with heights of 50 mm, 100 mm, 150 mm, and 200 mm were prepared and tested under different loading rates ranging from 10 s to 10 s to investigate the size effects of mechanical properties and failure modes at the temperature of 5 °C.

(-)-Syringaresinol attenuates ulcerative colitis by improving intestinal epithelial barrier function and inhibiting inflammatory responses.

Background: (-)-Syringaresinol (SYR), a natural lignan with significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, possesses various pharmacological benefits including cardio-protective, antibacterial, anticancer, and anti-aging effects. It was shown that the effectiveness of (+)-syringaresinol diglucoside on the ulcerative colitis (UC) was attributed to the active metabolite (+)-syringaresinol (the enantiomor of SYR). However, the efficacy of SYR against UC remains unclear, and the associated molecular mechanism has not been revealed yet PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess the protective effect of SYR in UC and its underlying mechanism STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We examined SYR's protective impact on the intestinal epithelial barrier and its ability to inhibit inflammatory responses in both a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Caco-2 cell model and a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced UC mouse model.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 1,2,3-triazole benzothiazole derivatives as tubulin polymerization inhibitors with potent anti-esophageal cancer activities.

In this work, we utilized the molecular hybridization strategy to design and synthesize novel 1,2,3-triazole benzothiazole derivatives K1-26. The antiproliferative activities against MGC-803, Kyse30 and HCT-116 cells were explored, and their structure-activity relationship were preliminarily conducted and summarized. Among them, compound K18, exhibited the strongest proliferation inhibitory activity, with esophageal cancer cells Kyse30 and EC-109 being the most sensitive to its effects (IC values were 0.

The frequency of risk pathological characteristics in clinically low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma suitable for active surveillance.

Purpose: Active surveillance has emerged as an initial management strategy for patients with low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC). The main objective of this research was to investigate the frequency of risk pathological characteristics among patients with clinically low-risk PTMC who are suitable for Active Surveillance.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on patients who underwent lobectomy for PTMC between January 2013 and December 2018.

The migration and transformation mechanism of vanadium in a soil-pore water-maize system.

The migration mechanism of vanadium (V) in the soil-pore water-maize system has not been revealed. This study conducted pot experiments under artificial control conditions to reveal V's distribution and transport mechanism under different growth stages and V content gradient stress. The V content in the soil pore water gradually increased by an order of magnitude.

Active matrix driven electrophoretic display with in-plane switching layout and driving waveform for reflective and transparent modes.

In-plane switching electrophoretic display (IPS-EPD) is an emerging field of display technology which achieves particles moving horizontally through a lateral electric field. Compared to vertically driven electrophoretic display (V-EPD), IPS-EPD exhibits the feasibility of transparent display function. However, most of the previous research was hindered by long response time, low optical transmittance, or complex structures.