Symbiotic bacteria play crucial roles in a herbivorous mite host suitability.

Background: The tomato russet mite (TRM), Aculops lycopersici, is a strictly herbivorous and economically significant pest that infests Solanaceae plants, but its host suitability varies, showing high performance on tomatoes. Although symbiotic bacteria have been suggested to play crucial roles in the host adaptation of herbivores, their effects on TRM remain unclear.

Results: In this study, using next generation high-throughput sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA data, we identified the bacterial diversity and community composition of TRM feeding on tomato, eggplant, and chili.

Oxygen-Tolerant Photografting for Surface Structuring from Microliter Volumes.

Here, we report an oxygen-tolerant photografting technique to grow polymer brushes employing microliter volumes of monomer solution under ambient conditions. With the key advantages that include spatial control, initiator/catalyst-free nature, and high oxygen tolerance, a series of homo-, multiblock, and arbitrary patterned polymer brushes were successfully obtained by photografting. Moreover, a dual-functional surface with hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties could easily be realized by one-pot photografting.

Capillary Microfluidic-Assisted Surface Structuring.

A facile and universal oxygen-tolerant, capillary microfluidic-derived, controlled radical polymerization for surface structuring (gradient and patterned polymer brushes) is reported. A syringe pump and a filter paper sheet are used as capillary microfluidic to supply the reaction solution (monomer, solvent, and ligand) to a sandwich-shaped setup by placing a flat copper plate onto an ATRP initiator-modified substrate and resulting in gradient polymer brush formation with controlled thickness, steepness, and grafting area, polymers are showing the high chain-end fidelity. Two different polymer brushes (binary polymer brushes) can be simultaneously grown from both ends of the initiator modified substrate by using this method, which can be used to study the interfacial properties of different polymer brushes.

Visual Detection of Thiocyanate Based on Fabry-Perot Etalons with a Responsive Polymer Brush as the Transducer.

The detection of thiocyanate (SCN) is particularly important in industrial effluents and biological fluids because of the toxic nature of SCN. Herein, a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) resonator for visual detection of SCN is presented based on a poly[(2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl) trimethylammonium chloride] (PMETAC) brush. The MIM resonator exhibits obvious color change as the concentration of SCN changes, which can be easily distinguished by the naked eyes.

Facile Fabrication of Bio- and Dual-Functional Poly(2-oxazoline) Bottle-Brush Brush Surfaces.

Poly(2-oxazoline)s (POx) bottle-brush brushes have excellent biocompatible and lubricious properties, which are promising for the functionalization of surfaces for biomedical devices. Herein, a facile synthesis of POx is reported which is based bottle-brush brushes (BBBs) on solid substrates. Initially, backbone brushes of poly(2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline) (PIPOx) were fabricated via surface initiated Cu plate-mediated controlled radical polymerization (SI-Cu CRP).

Dynamic Tunable Color Display Based on Metal-Insulator-Metal Resonator with Polymer Brush Insulator Layer as Signal Transducer.

Dynamic color-changing nanomaterials have been widely investigated for applications in fields like optical sensors, wearable activity monitors, smart electronic devices, and anticounterfeiting materials due to the excellent ability to change their optical properties with external variation. Here, a simple metal-insulator-metal (MIM) trilayer Fabry-Perot resonance cavity with a poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) brush layer as a responsive element is reported as a thermal-induced colorimetric response platform. The dynamic changes of conformation and physical properties of PNIPAm brush layer in response to external signals give rise to a significant color change of the MIM Fabry-Perot resonance cavity.

"On Water" Surface-initiated Polymerization of Hydrophobic Monomers.

We present the "on water" surface-initiated Cu-mediated controlled radical polymerization ("on water" SI-CuCRP) that converts hydrophobic monomers in aqueous reaction medium to polymer brushes at unparalleled speed and efficiency. The method allows the facile conversion of a variety of common monomers under most simple reaction conditions and with minimal monomer amounts to thick and homogeneous polymer brushes. The highly living character of the "on water" SI-CuCRP allowed the preparation of decablock (homo)polymer brushes and opens the pathway to sequentially controlled polymer brushes on solids.