Assessment of opioid knowledge and attitudes among senior medical students in Taiwan's pain education curriculum: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey.

Introduction: While the opioid crisis has been a significant concern in North America, Taiwan has not encountered a similar crisis. This study investigated medical students' perceptions of opioid therapy for chronic pain management in Taiwan.

Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among third- and fourth-year medical students who had completed an 18-hour pain medicine curriculum, in comparison with those who did not take the course in Mar 2022 and May 2023.

Rationally Improved Surface Charge Density of Triboelectric Nanogenerator with TiO-MXene/Polystyrene Nanofiber Charge Trapping Layer for Biomechanical Sensing and Wound Healing Application.

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have become reliable green energy harvesters by converting biomechanical motions into electricity. However, the inevitable charge leakage and poor electric field (EF) of conventional TENG result in inferior tribo-charge density on the active layer. In this paper, TiO-MXene incorporated polystyrene (PS) nanofiber membrane (PTMx NFM) charge trapping interlayer is introduced into single electrode mode TENG (S-TENG) to prevent electron loss at the electrode interface.

Cerebral Oximetry-Monitored Nitroglycerin Infusion and Tissue Perfusion during Rewarming of Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Cardiac Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Trial.

Background: Nitroglycerin facilitates microcirculation and oxygen delivery through vasodilation. The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of nitroglycerin-induced vasodilation and potential hypotension on tissue perfusion under cerebral oximetry monitoring during rewarming in cardiopulmonary bypass.

Methods: Elective cardiac surgical patients were randomly assigned to either a nitroglycerin group ( = 32) with an intravenous infusion of 1-5 mcg/kg/min or a control group ( = 31) with 0-0.

Platelet Toll-like Receptor 4-Related Innate Immunity Potentially Participates in Transfusion Reactions Independent of ABO Compatibility: An Ex Vivo Study.

The role of platelet TLR4 in transfusion reactions remains unclear. This study analyzed platelet TLR4 and certain damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and evaluated how ABO compatibility affected TLR4 expression after a simulated ex vivo transfusion. A blood bank was the source of donor red blood cells.

The Occurrence of Pain-Induced Depression Is Different between Rat Models of Inflammatory and Neuropathic Pain.

Various pain conditions may be associated with depressed mood. However, the effect of inflammatory or neuropathic pain on depression-like behavior and its associated time frame has not been well established in rat models. This frontward study investigated the differences in pain behavior, depression-like behavior, and serotonin transporter (SERT) distribution in the brain between rats subjected to spared nerve injury (SNI)-induced neuropathic pain or complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammatory pain.

Knowledge, attitude, and barriers regarding prescribing long-term opioids among Taiwan physicians treating officially registered patients with chronic noncancer pain.

Background: Prescribing opioids for patients with chronic noncancer pain (CNCP) remains controversial. This study surveyed Taiwanese physicians who were clinically treating CNCP outpatients with long-term opioids.

Methods: Anonymous questionnaires investigating the clinical practices, opioid knowledge, attitude, and barriers regarding the prescription of long-term opioids were delivered to 66 physicians treating CNCP outpatients who were officially registered and monitored by the Taiwan Food and Drug Administration in 2011.

Two head positions for orotracheal intubation with the trachway videolight intubating stylet with manual in-line stabilization: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: The Trachway Videolight Intubating Stylet is a video-assisted system with a rigid but malleable intubating stylet that facilitates endotracheal intubation. Minimizing cervical spine movement with manual in-line stabilization is essential for patients with cervical spine injuries such as multiple trauma. However, the intubation time of the Trachway Videolight Intubating Stylet and complications associated with intubation in patients with manual in-line stabilization in the neutral-head and head-lift positions remain unclear.

Plasma-Induced Exfoliation Provides Onion-Like Graphene-Surrounded MoS Nanosheets for a Highly Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

With the goal of obtaining sustainable earth-abundant electrocatalyst materials displaying high performance in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), here we propose a facile one-pot plasma-induced electrochemical process for the fabrication of new core-shell structures of ultrathin MoS nanosheets engulfed within onion-like graphene nanosheets (OGNs@MoS). The resultant OGNs@MoS structures not only increased the number of active sites of the semiconducting MoS nanosheets but also enhanced their conductivity. Our OGNs@MoS composites exhibited high HER performance, characterized by a low overpotential of 118 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm, a Tafel slope of 73 mV dec, and long-time stability of 10 s without degradation; this performance is much better than that of the sheet-like graphene-wrapped MoS composite GNs@MoS (182 mV, 82 mV dec) and is among the best ever reported for composites involving MoS and graphene nanosheets prepared through a simple one-batch process and using a low temperature and a short time for the HER.

Using Different Ions to Tune Graphene Stack Structures from Sheet- to Onion-Like During Plasma Exfoliation, with Supercapacitor Applications.

In this article, we report a facile and simple approach for tuning graphene nanosheet structures (GNS) with different ions in the electrolytes through cathodic plasma exfoliation process in electrochemical reactions. We obtained sheet- and onion-like GNS when aqueous electrolyte NaOH and HSO, respectively, were present during plasma exfoliation in the electrochemical reactions, as evidenced from scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images. Moreover, the onion-like GNS exhibited a specific surface area of 464 m g and a supercapacitive performance of 67.

Isoflurane compared with fentanyl-midazolam-based anesthesia in patients undergoing heart transplantation: A retrospective cohort study.

Inhalation anesthetics provide myocardial protection for cardiac surgery. This study was undertaken to compare the perioperative effects between isoflurane and fentanyl-midazolam-based anesthesia for heart transplantation. A retrospective cohort study was conducted by reviewing the medical records of heart transplantation in a single medical center from 1990 to 2013.

Comparing complementary alternative treatment for chronic shoulder pain of myofascial origin: Collateral meridian therapy versus local tender area-related meridians therapy.

The aim of this study was to compare the short-term outcomes between 2 different treatments for unilateral chronic shoulder pain of myofascial origin, that is, local tender area related meridians (LTARMs) treatment and collateral meridian therapy (CMT), which were performed 6 times over a period of 4 weeks.Seventy patients with unilateral shoulder pain of chronic myofascial origin were enrolled. The patients were randomly assigned to 2 different treatment groups: 1 group received CMT (n = 35) and the other received LTARM (n = 35).

Grand mal seizure induced by low-dose fentanyl and lidocaine in a young child.

Surgical procedures require general anesthesia using combinations of drugs including fentanyl and/or lidocaine. Because many of these drugs have bimodal anticonvulsant/proconvulsant effects, they must be administered carefully. We herein report a case of seizure attack during anesthesia induction with low-dose fentanyl and lidocaine in a young child with no history of seizures.

How do we forget negative events? The role of attentional, cognitive, and metacognitive control.

Four experiments using the item-method directed forgetting procedure examined how people intentionally forget significant negative emotional events. The cued-recall test showed that the directed forgetting effect was smaller for negative events than for neutral events. For both negative and neutral events, post-forgetting probe reaction times were longer than post-remembering probe reaction times on a speeded spatial judgement task, suggesting that forgetting was more demanding than remembering within seconds after the memory cue.

Multi Groups Cooperation based Symbiotic Evolution for TSK-type Neuro-Fuzzy Systems Design.

In this paper, a TSK-type neuro-fuzzy system with multi groups cooperation based symbiotic evolution method (TNFS-MGCSE) is proposed. The TNFS-MGCSE is developed from symbiotic evolution. The symbiotic evolution is different from traditional GAs (genetic algorithms) that each chromosome in symbiotic evolution represents a rule of fuzzy model.

An unusual case of peripartum cardiomyopathy in a parturient with preeclampsia.

Here we report an unusual development of peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) in a parturient woman with preeclampsia. A 36-year-old nulliparous parturient woman underwent elective cesarean section for delivery of twins under spinal anesthesia. Both preoperative workup and past history were unremarkable except for proteinuria and hypertension for 1 week.