Biopharma innovation trends during COVID-19 and beyond: an evidence from global partnerships and fundraising activities, 2011-2022.

Background: Co-development alliances and capital-raising activities are essential supports for biopharmaceutical innovation. During the initial outbreak of the COVID-19, the level of these business activities has increased greatly. Yet the magnitude, direction, and duration of the trend remain ambiguous.

MCPIP1 suppresses hepatitis C virus replication and negatively regulates virus-induced proinflammatory cytokine responses.

Human MCP-1-induced protein 1 (MCPIP1, also known as ZC3H12A and Regnase-1) plays important roles in negatively regulating the cellular inflammatory response. Recently, we found that as an RNase, MCPIP1 has broad-spectrum antiviral effects by targeting viral RNA. In this study, we demonstrated that MCPIP1 expression was induced by hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Huh7.

Behavioural and toxic interaction profile of ketamine in combination with caffeine.

Ketamine street tablets often contain several other compounds in addition to ketamine, among them is caffeine. The purpose of this study was to examine whether caffeine interacts with ketamine-induced behavioural and toxic effects. Male ICR mice were treated with ketamine alone or ketamine combined with various doses of caffeine, then the locomotor activity, rotarod test, prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle, loss of righting reflex, and mortality rate were examined.