The anti-inflammatory activity of flavonoids and alkaloids from Sophora flavescens alleviates psoriasiform lesions: Prenylation and methoxylation beneficially enhance bioactivity and skin targeting.

The herb Sophora flavescens displays anti-inflammatory activity and can provide a source of antipsoriatic medications. We aimed to evaluate whether S. flavescens extracts and compounds can relieve psoriasiform inflammation.

The Impact of Rocuronium and Sugammadex on Length of Stay in Patients Undergoing Open Spine Surgery: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.

Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS), an all-encompassing perioperative care approach, has been demonstrated to enhance surgical results, mitigate postoperative issues, and decrease the length of hospital stay (LOS) in diverse surgical specialties. In this retrospective study, our objective was to examine the influence of muscle relaxant selection on LOS and perioperative results in adult patients undergoing open spine surgery. Specifically, we compared 201 patients who received cisatracurium and neostigmine with 201 patients who received rocuronium and sugammadex, after 1:1 propensity score matching.

Application of Bispectral Index System (BIS) Monitor to Ambulatory Pediatric Dental Patients under Intravenous Deep Sedation.

Intravenous sedation has been well accepted to allow dental restoration in uncooperative children while avoiding aspiration and laryngospasm; however, intravenous anesthetics such as propofol may lead to undesired effects such as respiratory depression and delayed recovery. The use of the bispectral index system (BIS), a monitoring system reflective of the hypnotic state, is con-troversial in the reduction in the risk of respiratory adverse events (RAEs), recovery time, the in-travenous drug dosage, and post-procedural events. The aim of the study is to evaluate whether BIS is advantageous in pediatric dental procedures.

Combined Programmed Intermittent Bolus and Patient-Controlled Bolus Is a More Favorable Setting for Epidural Pain Relief Than Continuous Infusion.

Epidural analgesia is a suitable and effective treatment for labor pain. However, the preferable modality setting for delivery remains debatable. This study adopted a programmed intermittent epidural bolus (PIEB) setting in conjunction with a patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) setting to improve the quality of labor analgesia and reduce the number of medical staff.

Palbociclib blocks neutrophilic phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity to alleviate psoriasiform dermatitis.

Background And Purpose: Neutrophilic inflammation is a critical pathogenic factor in psoriasis. The therapeutic applicability of palbociclib, a cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor clinically used to treat cancer, in the treatment of neutrophil-associated psoriasis remains undefined. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic potential and pharmacological effect of palbociclib on neutrophil-associated psoriasiform dermatitis.

Targeting formyl peptide receptor 1 with anteiso-C13-surfactin for neutrophil-dominant acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Background And Purpose: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a catastrophic pulmonary inflammatory dysfunction with a high mortality rate. An overwhelming immune response by neutrophils is a key feature in infective or sterile ARDS. The formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) is a crucial damage-sensing receptor for inflammatory reactions in the initiation and progression of neutrophil-mediated ARDS.

Association of regional anesthesia with oncological outcomes in patients receiving surgery for bladder cancer: A meta-analysis of observational studies.

Background: This meta-analysis was conducted to compare cancer recurrence and survival rates in patients with bladder cancer receiving surgery under general anesthesia alone (i.e., GA group) or regional anesthesia (RA) with or without GA (i.

Carnosic acid inhibits reactive oxygen species-dependent neutrophil extracellular trap formation and ameliorates acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Aims: Infiltration of activated neutrophils into the lungs is a hallmark of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Neutrophilic inflammation, particularly neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), is proposed as a useful target for treating ARDS. Carnosic acid (CA) is a food additive; however, its anti-neutrophilic activity in the treatment of ARDS has not been well established.

Apremilast ameliorates acute respiratory distress syndrome by inhibiting neutrophil-induced oxidative stress.

Background: The pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is attributed to the dysregulation of oxidative stress and neutrophil recruitment. We aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of apremilast on human neutrophils and assess its efficacy for treating ARDS.

Methods: We analysed superoxide anion generation, integrin expression, and adhesion in activated human neutrophils using spectrophotometry, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence microscopy.

Increased FIO2 influences SvO2 interpretation and accuracy of Fick-based cardiac output assessment in cardiac surgery patients: A prospective randomized study.

Introduction: The study aimed to reveal how the fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) affected the value of mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) and the accuracy of Fick-equation-based cardiac output (Fick-CO).

Methods: Forty two adult patients who underwent elective cardiac surgery were enrolled and randomly divided into 2 groups: FIO2 < 0.7 or >0.

Effect of Mycophenolate Mofetil Therapy on Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Liver Transplantation: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence after liver transplantation is associated with immunosuppressants. However, the appropriate immunosuppressant for HCC recipients is still debated. Data for this nationwide population-based cohort study were extracted from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan.

Imperatorin Alleviates Psoriasiform Dermatitis by Blocking Neutrophil Respiratory Burst, Adhesion, and Chemotaxis Through Selective Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibition.

Neutrophil infiltration and increased oxidative stress are involved in the pathogenesis and severity of psoriasis. Although the therapy of psoriasis remains elusive, targeting treatment to reduce oxidative stress is considered a potential option. Our study demonstrates the anti-inflammatory effects of a natural furocoumarin, imperatorin, on activated human neutrophils and psoriasiform dermatitis in mice.

Understanding the role of neutrophils in acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is difficult to treat and is associated with a high mortality rate. The most severe form of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) also leads to life-threatening ARDS. Neutrophil counts are positively correlated with disease severity in ARDS.

A synthesized heterocyclic chalcone inhibits neutrophilic inflammation through K -dependent pH regulation.

Human neutrophils have a vital role in host defense and inflammatory responses in innate immune systems. Growing evidence shows that the overproduction of reactive oxygen species and granular proteolytic enzymes from activated neutrophils is linked to the pathogenesis of acute inflammatory diseases. However, adequate therapeutic targets are still lacking to regulate neutrophil functions.

Resveratrol suppresses neutrophil activation via inhibition of Src family kinases to attenuate lung injury.

The natural stilbenoid, Resveratrol (RSV; 3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene) has been shown to have beneficial effects on inflammatory diseases as well as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular disorders. The underlying mechanism by which RSV affects neutrophil activation has yet to be fully elucidated. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that RSV modulates the inflammatory activities of formyl-Met-Leu-Phe-stimulated human neutrophils.

Oleic acid-loaded nanostructured lipid carrier inhibit neutrophil activities in the presence of albumin and alleviates skin inflammation.

Aim: This paper reports on the incorporation of oleic acid (OA) within nanostructured lipid carriers (OA-NLC) to improve the anti-inflammatory effects in the presence of albumin.

Materials And Methods: NLCs produced via hot high-shear homogenization/ultrasonication were characterized in terms of particle size, zeta potential, and toxicity. We examined the effects of OA-NLC on neutrophil activities.

Preoperative Comorbidity and Mortality in Pediatric Liver Transplantation Recipients: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Objective: The purpose of this large, population-based study was to investigate preoperative comorbidities as risk factors of mortality in pediatric liver transplant recipients.

Methods: A total of 2,938 patients who underwent liver transplantation (LT) surgery from 1998 through 2012 in Taiwan were enrolled in this study. Based on the International Classification of Disease, 9th Revision, Clinical Modifi cation (ICD-9-CM) codes, basic information regarding medical comorbidities was extracted from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD).

Targeting allosteric site of AKT by 5,7-dimethoxy-1,4-phenanthrenequinone suppresses neutrophilic inflammation.

Background: Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe life-threatening inflammatory disease. Neutrophil activation is a major pathogenic factor in ALI. Protein kinase B (PKB)/AKT regulates diverse cellular responses, but the significance in neutrophilic inflammation and ALI remains unknown.

Garcinia Multiflora Inhibits FPR1-Mediated Neutrophil Activation and Protects Against Acute Lung Injury.

Background/aims: Formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) recognize different endogenous and exogenous molecular stimuli and mediate neutrophil activation. Dysregulation of excessive neutrophil activation and the resulting immune responses can induce acute lung injury (ALI) in the host. Accordingly, one promising approach to the treatment of neutrophil-dominated inflammatory diseases involves therapeutic FPR1 inhibition.

Propofol inhibits endogenous formyl peptide-induced neutrophil activation and alleviates lung injury.

Critically ill patients have a high risk of sepsis. Various studies have demonstrated that propofol has anti-inflammatory effects that may benefit critically ill patients who require anesthesia. However, the mechanism and therapeutic effect remain incompletely understood.

Graft outcomes following immunosuppressive therapy with different combinations in kidney transplant recipients: a nationwide cohort study.

Background: Immunosuppression plays an essential role to overcome immune-related allograft rejection, but it also causes some nephrotoxicity. This study aimed to investigate how the immunosuppressant combinations affect graft outcomes in kidney transplant recipients.

Methods: A nationwide population-based cohort study using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database was conducted.

Evaluation of the use of the fourth version FloTrac system in cardiac output measurement before and after cardiopulmonary bypass.

The FloTrac system is a system for cardiac output (CO) measurement that is less invasive than the pulmonary artery catheter (PAC). The purposes of this study were to (1) compare the level of agreement and trending abilities of CO values measured using the fourth version of the FloTrac system (CCO-FloTrac) and PAC-originated continuous thermodilution (CCO-PAC) and (2) analyze the inadequate CO-discriminating ability of the FloTrac system before and after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Fifty patients were included.