Digital tool assessment for the community management of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Yiwu city, China: evidence from real world data in 2020.

Background: High-quality medication compliance is critical for the cure of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB); however, the implementation of directly observed treatment (DOT) under direct interview still faces huge difficulties. Assessment of the effect of digital tool during community management has not been performed in eastern China.

Methods: All drug-sensitive PTB cases notified in Yiwu city from June to December 2020 were divided into the routine group and digital tool group based on patients' willingness.

Influenza-associated Hospitalization in Children Younger Than 5 Years of Age in Suzhou, China, 2011-2016.

Background: Studying the burden and risk factors associated with severe illness from influenza infection in young children in eastern China will contribute to future cost-effectiveness analyses of local influenza vaccine programs.

Methods: We conducted prospective, severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) surveillance at Suzhou University-Affiliated Children's Hospital to estimate influenza-associated hospitalizations in Suzhou University-Affiliated Children's Hospital by month in children younger than 5 years of age from October 2011 to September 2016. SARI was defined as fever (measured axillary temperature ≥ 38°C) and cough or sore throat or inflamed/red pharynx in the 7 days preceding hospitalization.

Characteristics of pediatric invasive pneumococcal diseases and the pneumococcal isolates in Suzhou, China before introduction of PCV13.

Background: Data on characteristics of invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD) is limited in China. We aimed to understand the clinical features and explore the molecular characteristics of the pneumococcal isolates in China.

Methods: Since 2010, we prospectively collected the pneumococcal isolates and the IPD patients' demographic and clinical information in Suzhou University Affiliated Children's Hospital (SCH).

Influenza-associated outpatient visits among children less than 5 years of age in eastern China, 2011-2014.

Background: The disease burden of influenza in China has not been well described, especially among young children. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of outpatient visits associated with influenza in young children in Suzhou, a city of more than 11 million residents in Jiangsu Province in eastern China.

Methods: Influenza-like illness (ILI) was defined as the presence of fever (axillary temperature ≥38 °C) and cough or sore throat.

Seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness against medically attended influenza illness among children aged 6-59 months, October 2011-September 2012: A matched test-negative case-control study in Suzhou, China.

Background: Seasonal influenza infections among young children in China lead to substantial numbers of hospitalizations and financial burden. This study assessed the seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) against laboratory confirmed medically attended influenza illness among children in Suzhou, China, from October 2011-September 2012.

Methods: We conducted a test-negative case-control study among children aged 6-59 months who sought care at Soochow University Affiliated Children's Hospital (SCH) from October 2011-September 2012.

Viral etiology of medically attended influenza-like illnesses in children less than five years old in Suzhou, China, 2011-2014.

Limited information is available on the non-influenza etiology and epidemiology of influenza-like illness (ILI) in China. From April 2011 to March 2014, we collected oropharyngeal swabs from children less than 5 years of age with symptoms of ILI who presented to the outpatient departments of Suzhou University Affiliated Children's Hospital (SCH). We used reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-PCR) or PCR to detect 11 respiratory viruses.

Etiology and epidemiology of children with acute otitis media and spontaneous otorrhea in Suzhou, China.

Background: There are scare data about bacterial etiology and the antibiotic susceptibility, serotype distribution and molecular characteristics of pneumococci in children with acute otitis media (AOM) in China.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted in Suzhou University Affiliated Children's Hospital. All children under 18 years of age diagnosed as AOM and with spontaneous otorrhea were offered enrollment, and collection of middle ear fluid was then cultured for bacterial pathogens.

Molecular characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from children hospitalized with respiratory infections in Suzhou, China.

Background: Dissemination of antibiotic resistant clones is recognized as an important factor in the emergence and prevalence of resistance in pneumococcus. This study was undertaken to survey the antimicrobial susceptibility and serotypes distribution of pneumococci and to explore the circulating clones in hospitalized children in Suzhou, China.

Methods: The pneumococci were isolated from the nasopharyngeal aspirates of children less than 5 years of age admitted to Soochow-University-Affiliated-Children's-Hospital with respiratory infections.

[Comparison of clinical features and co-infection between pneumonia caused by influenza virus A and pneumonia caused by influenza virus B among children].

Objective: To compare the clinical features and co-infection between pneumonia caused by influenza virus A (IVA) and pneumonia caused by influenza virus B (IVB) among children.

Methods: A total of 165 children with pneumonia caused by influenza virus (IV) were included in the study. These subjects were divided into IVA(n=71) and IVB pneumonia groups (n=94) according to the subtypes of IV.

Clinical characteristics and direct medical cost of respiratory syncytial virus infection in children hospitalized in Suzhou, China.

Background: There have been few studies on children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) published from mainland China. We performed a retrospective review of medical charts to describe the epidemiology, clinical features and direct medical cost of laboratory-proven RSV children hospitalized in Suzhou, China.

Methods: Testing is routine for RSV for children admitted to the respiratory ward at Suzhou University Children's Hospital.

Socio-economic burden of influenza among children younger than 5 years in the outpatient setting in Suzhou, China.

Background: The disease burden of children with laboratory-confirmed influenza in China has not been well described. The aim of this study was to understand the epidemiology and socio-economic burden of influenza in children younger than 5 years in outpatient and emergency department settings.

Methods: A prospective study of laboratory-confirmed influenza among children presenting to the outpatient settings in Soochow University Affiliated Children's Hospital with symptoms of influenza-like illness (ILI) was performed from March 2011 to February 2012.

[Clinical and laboratory features of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia with inversion of chromosome 16].

Objective: To evaluate the clinical and laboratory features of pediatric inv(16) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) retrospectively.

Method: Dual color fluorescence in situ hybridization (D-FISH) using a LSI CBFβ inv(16) break apart probe labeled by Spectrum red and Spectrum green was performed in 15 acute myeloid leukemia cases, including 13 cases with or without abnormal eosinophils but with positive core binding factor β (CBFβ)-MYH11 fusion transcript detected by RT-PCR, and 2 cases with trisomy 8 (+8). The results were compared with the morphology, immunophenotype, karyotype and RT-PCR.

[Monitoring of influenza virus B and clinical features of pediatric pneumonia caused by influenza virus B only].

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological features of influenza virus B (IVB) in the winter and the clinical features of pediatric pneumonia caused by IVB only.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed on the clinical data of children with respiratory infection who received pathogen testing and therapy at Soochow University Affiliated Children's Hospital during the winters of 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011.

Results: The positive rates of influenza viruses A and B in the winters of 2008, 2009, and 2010 were 0.

Seasonal distribution and epidemiological characteristics of human metapneumovirus infections in pediatric inpatients in Southeast China.

Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is an important respiratory pathogen in young children whose seasonal activity varies substantially from year to year among different populations. This study was conducted to investigate if there was a seasonal variation in the incidence of hMPV infection in young children and possible associations between hMPV infection and local meteorological parameters in Suzhou, China. A total of 6,655 children with acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) admitted to the Children's Hospital affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, were tested from January 2006 to December 2009 for the presence of hMPV using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction.

The clinical characteristics and direct medical cost of influenza in hospitalized children: a five-year retrospective study in Suzhou, China.

Background: There have been few studies on children hospitalized with influenza published from mainland China. We performed a retrospective review of medical charts to describe the epidemiology, clinical features and direct medical cost of laboratory-proven influenza hospitalized children in Suzhou, China.

Methods: Retrospective study on children with documented influenza infection hospitalized at Suzhou Children Hospital during 2005-2009 was conducted using a structured chart review instrument.

[Comparative studies on the composition and antibiotic-resistance of pathogenic bacteria between children with community-acquired and hospital-acquired pneumonia].

Objective: This research was to explore the difference between children with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) in the composition and antibiotic-resistance of pathogenic bacteria.

Methods: 241 CAP and 116 HAP with positive sputum culture who were hospitalized from January to December in 2008 in Children's Hospital Affiliated to Suzhou University were selected in this study. The bacteria were identified by traditionally manual method and antibiotic sensitivity tests were performed by K-B method.

[Characteristics and the prevalence of respiratory viruses and the correlation with climatic factors of hospitalized children in Suzhou children's hospital].

Objective: To study the epidemiological characteristics of respiratory virus infection and its relations to climatic factors in Suzhou.

Methods: From 2006 to 2009, viral etiology surveillance was conducted among 6655 children hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infections (ARIs). Direct immunofluorescence method was used to test respiratory secretion samples for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza viruses A and B (Inf-A, Inf-B), parainfluenza virus types I, II, and III (Pinf-I, Pinf-II, Pinf-III) and adenovirus.

[Characteristics of human metapneumovirus respiratory tract infection in children and the relationship between the infection and meteorological conditions].

Objective: To study the epidemiology of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) infection in children and its relations with meteorological conditions in Suzhou.

Method: Samples obtained from 6655 children hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infections (ARIs) during the period from 2006 to 2009, were tested for virus pathogens. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were obtained from the children according to a standard protocol and were tested for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza viruses (IFV) A and B, parainfluenza virus (PIV) types 1, 2, and 3 and adenovirus (ADV) with direct immunofluorescence assay.

Chest imaging findings in children with influenza A H1N1.

Objective: To assess imaging findings at presentation in children diagnosed with influenza A (H1N1) infection.

Methods: This is a retrospective observational cohort study conducted at The Children's Hospital affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China between September 2009 and March 2010. Nasopharyngeal swabs and bronchial aspirate samples from 81 children with acute respiratory infections were tested positive for influenza A (H1N1) using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

The blind nasotracheal aspiration method is not a useful tool for pathogen detection of pneumonia in children.

Background: Acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) is a major cause of hospitalization for children in China, while the etiological diagnosis of ALRI remains a challenge. This study was performed to evaluate the utility of the blind Nasotracheal aspiration (NTA) in the pathogen detection in ALRI through an evaluation of the test's specificity.

Methodology/principal Findings: A hospital-based study of children ≤3 years was carried out from March 2006 through March 2007 in Suzhou University Affiliated Children's Hospital, including 379 cases with ALRI from the respiratory wards, and 394 controls receiving elective surgery.

[Effects of amino acid substitutions of penicillin-binding proteins 2B, 1A, 2X on minimal inhibitory concentration of beta-lactams against Streptococcus pneumoniae].

Objective: To observe the effect of amino acid substitution in conserved sequence of penicillin-binding protein (PBP) 1A, 2B, 2X on antimicrobial activity of beta-lactams against Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP).

Method: Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 6 beta-lactams was determined by the E-test in 59 SP strains. The penicillin-binding protein genes pbp1a, 2b, 2x in every SP strain were amplified by nested-polymerase chain reaction (nPCR), then the PCR products were sequenced using automatic genetic analyzer directly.

The epidemiology of hospitalized influenza in children, a two year population-based study in the People's Republic of China.

Background: The epidemiology and disease burden of annual influenza in children in mainland People's Republic of China have not been reported in detail. To understand the incidence and epidemiology of laboratory-proven influenza hospitalization in children in China, a review of available laboratory and hospital admission data was undertaken.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective population-based study in Suzhou and the surrounding area of Jiangsu province, China for hospitalized cases of respiratory illness at Suzhou Children's Hospital.

[Prevalence and clinical features of human metapneumovirus infection in hospitalized pediatric patients with respiratory tract infection in Suzhou area].

Objective: To determine whether human metapneumovirus (hMPV) was circulating in Suzhou area and the epidemiology and clinical features associated with hMPV infection.

Method: Samples were collected from January 2006 to December 2007; respiratory specimens were tested for the presence of hMPV by reverse-transcription polymerase Chain reaction (RT-PCR). PCR products of hMPV N gene from some patients were randomly selected for sequencing analysis, and the sequences of the nucleotides and deduced amino acids were compared with those in the GenBank.

[Viral pathogens of acute respiratory infection in hospitalized children from Suzhou].

Objective: To investigate the viral pathogens of acute respiratory infection (ARI) in hospitalized children from Suzhou of China.

Methods: The nasopharyngeal aspirate samples were obtained from 1,668 hospitalized children with ARI. Common respiratory viruses, including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza virus A and B, parainfluenza viruses 1, 2 and 3 and adenovirus, were detected using direct immunofluorescence.